A study on the determinants of brand loyalty in sport shoes among students

The purpose of the study is to explore the influence of brand satisfaction, brand trust, brand community, word of mouth and brand identification on brand loyalty in sports shoes among university students. A conceptual model was established based on existing literature to test the relationship between the variables of the study. A survey design using simple random sampling was used. A sample of 319 university students participated in this study. The results of correlation and regression analysis shows that all five independent variables (brand satisfaction, brand trust, brand community, word of mouth and brand identification) have a significant relationship and influenced brand loyalty in sports shoes among university students. The results also show that brand satisfaction is the most influential factor on brand loyalty related sports shoes among students. Hence, the proposed model offers a greater understanding of how brand satisfaction, brand trust, brand community, word of mouth and brand identification can be improve the brand loyalty among university students. Based on the result of this study, brand owners should produce good quality products to fullfil the customer needs and enhance customers loyal with the brand. Furthermore, managers need to build good relationships with the customers in order to build customer loyalty to the brand. Finally, limitations of the study were discussed in tandem with the suggestion for future researc

Modeling of Specific Absorption Rate Distribution in Human Head Due to Far Field Electromagnetic Wave Radiation of 900 Mhz And 1800 Mhz Using the Method of Moment

In this study, a method of moment has been used to determine the induced electric field and specific absorption rate (SAR) distribution inside the human head due to far field electromagnetic wave radiation. Homogeneous and three layered spherical models were used to simulate a head of a two year old child at 900 MHz and 1800 MHz. In the models, the antenna was placed at 30 cm away fiom the head. The head was represented by 680 cells, suitable when using PC with Pentium IV processor and 512 MB DDR RAM memory. The method of moments (MOM) was employed to calculate the induced electric field which in turn can obtain the absorbed power, P,,; localized SAR, SAR; and averaged SAR, SAR, . The results of the calculated SAR were presented for the far field case. For both homogeneous and three layered models, the value of SAR were found higher at fkquency of 1800 MHz than 900 MHz. At both fiequencies, the three layered models have shown lower values of SAR. The results have shown the maximum absorbed power, localized SAR and averaged SAR are found in a homogeneous model at 1800 MHz, followed by three layered model at 1800 MHz, homogeneous model at 900 MHz and three layered model at 900 MHz. The averaged SAR for all models were in range 0.003 Wkg to 0.005 Wkg, which were still far behind the safety limit 0.08 Wkg averaged over 1 g of tissue. It was found that the behaviour of the localized SAR distribution were not uniform inside the head. It might be due to multiple reflection and absorption in the head. Besides, the incident electric field calculated in many angles might also contribute to the non-uniformity

Factors Influencing Cash Flow Deficiency Among Small And Medium-Sized Enterprises In Melaka

The study is conducted to test hypotheses which are to examine whether or not the conjectured relationships have been substantiated and an answer to the research question has been obtained. It is to explain the nature of certain relationships in a situation. This study reports the findings on the factors influencing cash flow deficiency among SMEs in Melaka. The study focused its investigation on six independent variables which are poor bookkeeping, trade credit, slow paying customers, excessive stocks hold, weak credit control management and poor technologies and innovation to the dependent variable of cash flow deficiency. The efforts observed interviewed and distributed questionnaires throughout SMEs in Melaka. It also reviewed overseas and local literatures. Research design was drawn for requisite data to be gathered and analyzed to arrive at a solution. The research design, which involves a series of rational decision-making choices, is presented. Issues relating to decisions regarding the purpose of the study, the type it should conform to (type of investigation), the extent to which it is manipulated and controlled by the researcher (extent of research interference), its location (the study setting), measurement and measures, the level at which the data will be analyzed (unit of analysis), sampling design, its temporal aspects (time horizon), and data collection method are integral to research design. There were 52 samples out of 438 populations of registered SMEs in Melaka which indicates 12% of population; however most of them were micro SMEs and would be the basic focus of this study. The significant of the study is to realize policymakers, strategic planners, managers of SMEs and customers on the state of the importance of what actually matters that can help SMEs to survive and sustain in the market. Results from the analysis shown the significant of independent variables and proved the relationships have been substantiated to the dependent variable which contribute a great influence to ,cash flow deficiency among SMEs in Melaka. It was concluded from the study that ' poor' or 'careless ' financial management (management of the said independent variables) had been identified as a major cause of small business failure. It can cause wrenching problems. Recommendations are business must plan for certain payments, such as payroll expenses, loan payments, payments to key suppliers, payment for assets and so on. Business need to incorporate these payments into cash flow forecasts and then make sure those sufficient funds will be available at those key times. They need to make sure that any purchases are scheduled when cash position is stronger or are structured over a longer time frame to reduce the impact on cash flow

Feature Selection with Integrated Gaussian Seahorse Optimization Data Mining for Cross-border Business Cooperation between the Malaysian Medical Industry and Tourism Industry

The cross-border collaboration between the medical industry and the tourism industry has gained significant attention as a promising avenue for economic growth and development. Data mining techniques are employed to extract valuable patterns and insights from large-scale datasets, shedding light on the opportunities and challenges associated with this collaborative effort. This study proposes an integrated approach that combines feature selection with Gaussian Seahorse Optimization Data Mining (GSH-DM) to identify the most relevant features and optimize the data mining process. The GSH-DM assembling comprehensive datasets encompassing information from both the Malaysian medical industry and tourism industry. The integrated GSH-DM model then applies the Gaussian Seahorse Optimization algorithm to optimize the data mining process, enhancing the accuracy and efficiency of pattern discovery. the GSH-DM model, this study aims to uncover hidden patterns, relationships, and predictive models that can guide decision-making and strategy development for cross-border business cooperation. The findings of this study contribute to a deeper understanding of the factors that influence cross-border business cooperation between the Malaysian medical industry and the tourism industry. The integrated GSH-DM approach showcases the potential of combining feature selection techniques with advanced optimization algorithms in data mining applications. The results of GSH-DM provide actionable insights for stakeholders, enabling them to make informed decisions and foster successful cross-border collaborations between the Malaysian medical industry and the tourism industry. The analysis of the results demonstrated that GSH-DM exhibits improved performance for feature selection and classification

Extending TLS with mutual attestation for platform integrity assurance

Normally, secure communication between client-server applications is established using secure channel technologies such as Transport Layer Security (TLS). TLS is cryptographic protocol which ensures secure transmission of data and authenticity of communication at each endpoint platform. However, the protocol does not provide any trustworthiness assurance of the involved endpoint. This paper incorporates remote attestation in the TLS key exchange protocol to solve this issue.The proposed embedded attestation extension in TLS protocol will provide assurance of sender's platforms integrity to receiver, and vice versa.The CA responsibility in TLS is replaced using own Trusted Certificate Authority (TCA) in our protocol. The credibility of the proposed protocol is studied to secure against replay attack and collusion attack. The proof is performed using AVISPA with High Level Protocol Specification (HLPSL) through Dolev-Yao intruder model implementation of the proposed protocol

Investigation on coupled convection with internal heating in micropolar fluid

The effect of uniform distribution of internal heat generation on the linear stability analysis of the Benard-Marangoni convection (coupled driven convection) in micropolar fluid is investigated theoretically. The upper free surface is assumed to be non-deformable and the lower boundary is taken to be rigid and isothermal with fixed temperature and span-vanishing boundaries. The eigenvalue problem is solved numerically using the Galerkin method. The influence of the internal heat generation in micropolar fluid with various parameters on the onset of stationary convection has been analyzed and also comparison has been made with the Newtonian fluid. We found that the effect of internal heating is to destabilize the micropolar fluid system

The moderation role of organizational culture between leadership styles and service quality in oil and gas companies in United Arab Emirates

This study is motivated by several issues within the UAE oil and gas industry. It includes the low service quality addressed within the sector, as well as the sudden transformation within the oil and gas sector due to the by appointment of new leaders. Despite their effort of adopting new strategies to lower the product cost, it leads to low satisfaction among the customers. Following the review of the previous literature, this study nominated three leadership styles that are related to the area of leadership styles, service quality, and organizational culture. The sample size for the current research was 384 respondents for the population which is represented by the employees hired by oil and gas providers. The finding of this study showed a significant moderation of the organizational culture between transformational, transactional leadership styles and the service quality, while there was no evident of significant moderation role found between authentic leadership style and service quality

Multimodal Discourse Analysis of Chinese Museum Propaganda Films From the Perspective of New Media: Take Shi-ku Garden in China as An Example

In an era of information and the rapid development of new media, language is not the only way to convey information. The construction and expression of meaning can be done through images, colors, music, etc. Therefore, multi-modal language analysis has become a hot topic. It provides a new perspective for discourse analysis composed of multiple symbols, which can help readers understand how images, music, and other symbols work together and constitute meaning, and it has a positive meaning to improve people’s ability to read multi-modal discourse. Multimodal discourse analysis theory is widely used, and can be used in speech and text, PPT, advertising, website page design, architecture, urban design planning, film and television drama, music, large-scale performances and stage performances, typesetting, textbook design, teaching and databases, etc. It has the characteristics of interdisciplinary and strong application, so it can also play a guiding role in social life and economy. It is closely related to media studies and critical discourse analysis. It has affected the research direction of many disciplines today, such as reading and writing education , media discourse analysis, cultural studies, etc., can play a direct guiding role in the social economy.The museum is a public welfare social cultural unit, which is responsible for the exhibition, cultural relics research and education. The advent of the Internet era has brought new opportunities and challenges to the education work of the museum, and the museum workers must innovate the way of the Internet, build the Internet exchange platform, and promote the education’s acceptance of the education, and improve the education level of education. As a typical dynamic multimodal discourse, the Chinese bronze museum’s propaganda film “the Chinese stone library garden” combines the forms of language, image, color, voice, music and so on. Based on the framework of multi-modal discourse and visual grammar theory of Kress and van Leeuwen. From the four angles of contact, social distance, attitude and method, the propaganda film of “China Shi-ku Garden “, one of the Chinese museums, analyzes the multi-modal analysis mechanism construction strategy of cultural characteristics, and explains the spread and development of the traditional bronze culture in China

Early childhood care and education trainees’ perspectives of their career path

Education, either formal or informal, plays an important role to help the masses. As such, educators, especially trainees, are entrusted to teach young generations all important elements, principles, or concepts in a wide range of disciplines. Surely, such an undertaking, especially for early childhood care and education, requires quality teachers. In this regard, existing early childhood care and education modules or curricula should be periodically reviewed and revamped (if necessary) to help produce competent teachers who are excellent in all aspects encompassing content, pedagogical, and technological knowledge. This paper discusses the professional growth and development of trainees in early childhood care and education (ECCE) in terms of short- and long-term goals, missions, and career path-planning. The paper also elaborates on the relevant training workshops, courses, modules, and curricula that can be implemented to help improve their practical skills. The discussion also highlights the importance of incentives, such as attractive salaries, bonuses, acknowledgments, and awards, from employers that can not only motivate trainees but also advance their professional growth and development. Certainty, strong development knowledge, practical skills, and experiences can help such trainees to be become highly competent, which can significantly contribute to nation-building efforts in Malaysia

The Impact Of Social Media Marketing On Sales Performance Of Small Online Business

This research discusses the factors impacting the use of social media marketing on sales of the online small businesses in Malacca. The primary data was collected by using explanatory survey. The sample consists of 150 respondents who are online small business owners and who had experiences or non-experiences by implementing the social media marketing on their business in Malacca. The requirement analysis test used are pilot test, Reliability Analysis, Validity Analysis, Descriptive Statistic Analysis, Pearson’s Correlation Analysis, Multiple Regression Analysis and Hypothesis Test Analysis. The data analysis technique is used Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) Version 25.0 software. There are four independent variables such as customers’ feedbacks, communication, content sharing and customers’ relationships will be measured to examine their influence on sales performance of the online small businesses. The research results show that customers’ feedbacks has no direct influence on sales performance, communication has directly influence on sales performance, content sharing has no direct influence on sales performance and customers’ relationships has directly influence on sales performance of online small businesses in Malacca. In overall, the customers’ relationships has been proved to be the most significant factor that impacting the use of social media marketing on sales of the online small businesses because fostering relationships helps the online small businesses to build a positive rapport with customers within the community. The good customers’ relationships will make customers to have a good impression for the business owners and willing to repurchase the products. The achievement of this results could be a reference which offered the knowledge of sales performance on online small businesses for academic purpose, business study or other fields