Relationship between Weather Components in Polluted Days and the Number Of Hospitalization Due to Cardiovascular Diseases

Aims: Air is the combination of atmospheric components or physical conditions of the current atmosphere in a certain place and a certain time. The aim of this study was to assess the relationship between weather components, air atmospheric pollutants and the number of individuals that were hospitalized due to cardiovascular diseases in polluted days. Instrument & Methods: In this descriptive study during 2010 to 2013, the weather parameters in ground and upper levels of Isfahan City, Iran, weather stations were studied and air quality data were collected from 11 different points of the city. The number of cardiovascular patient that were hospitalized was determined by collecting the data of medical record department of 3 hospitals of Isfahan City, Iran; Shahid Chamran, Al-Zahra, and Ali-Asghar. Data were analyzed by SPSS 19 software using Pearson correlation. Findings: There were significant correlations between the number of hospitalizations and minimum temperature (r=0.943; p=0.0001), maximum temperature (r=0.973; p=0.0001), average temperature (r=-0.069; p=0.013), rainfall (r=-0.326; p=0.0001), humidity (r=-0.326; p=0.0001), air pressure (r=0.257; p=0.0001), and wind speed (r=-0.011; p=0.021). There was a significant difference between the average numbers of hospitalizations due to cardiovascular diseases according to the range of AQI. Regarding the air pollutant parameters, the only significant relation was observed for PM10 (p=0.004) and other factors showed no significant relation (p<0.05) to the numbers of hospitalizations. Conclusion: The number of hospitalizations due to cardiovascular diseases is just affected by the PM10 factor of air pollution

Predictive factors of short-term survival from acute myocardial infarction in early and late patients in Isfahan and Najafabad, Iran

Background: Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the primary cause of mortality in the world and Iran. The aim of this study was to determine the prognostic factors of short-term survival from acute myocardial infarction (AMI) in early and late patients in the Najafabad and Isfahan County, Iran. Methods: This hospital-based cohort study was conducted using the hospital registry of 1999-2009 in Iran. All patients (n = 14426) with an AMI referred to hospitals of Isfahan and Najafabad were investigated. To determine prognostic factors of short-term (28-days) survival in early and late patients, unadjusted and adjusted hazard ratio (HR) was calculated using univariate and multivariate Cox regression. Results: The short-term (28-day) survival rate of early and late patients was 96.6 and 89.4 (P < 0.001), respectively. In 80.0 of early and 79.3 of late patients, mortality occurred during the first 7 days of disease occurrence. HR of death was higher in women in the two groups; it was 1.97 in early patients was confidence interval (CI) 95%: 1.32-2.92 and 1.35 in late patients (CI 95%: 1.19-1.53) compared to men. HR of death had a rising trend with the increasing of age in the two groups. Conclusion: Short-term survival rate was higher in early patients than in late patients. In addition, case fatality rate (CFR) of AMI in women was higher than in men. In both groups, sex, age, an atomic location of myocardial infarction based on the International Classification of Disease, Revision 10 (ICD10), cardiac enzymes, and clinical symptoms were significant predictors of survival in early and late patients following AMI. © 2016, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences(IUMS). All rights reserved

The Relationship between Dental Caries and Some Socio-economic Factors in 35- 44 Years Old Adults in Some Urban Areas of Sistan & Baluchestan

Introduction: In order to improve the oral health, systematic analysis of oral health condition and related factors should be conducted. This study aimed to evaluate dental caries and some related factors in 35-44 years old men & women in five urban areas of Sistan and Baluchestan in 2009-2010. Methods: In this descriptive cross-sectional study, 550 people were chosen by random stratified clustering in five different urban areas of the province. All participants were examined and the DMFT index was determined. Demographic and social information and their oral health behaviors were registered in a questionnaire which was composed of 11 questions. The data were analyzed by SPSS (version 17) and descriptive statistic methods. Results: Statistical analysis showed that average of DMFT was 10.05 ± 7.186. DMFT in females (11.43 ± 7.5) was more than males (8.68 ± 6.6) significantly (P 0.05) Conclusion: Results of this study could be used by public health managers to plan and evaluate public health in the future. With an emphasis on improving high risk patients’ situation, appropriate interventions can be designed to achieve good results in the short and long ter

Effectiveness of mindfulness-based stress reduction program on quality of life in cardiovascular disease patients

Introduction: Cardiovascular disease is one of the most fatal physical illnesses that impose many financial losses on societies every year. Aim: This study was to investigate the effectiveness of a mindfulness-based stress reduction (MBSR) program on self-efficacy and quality of life in patients with cardiovascular disease. Material and methods: The samples of this clinical trial were 60 patients who were selected by convenience sampling from patients were diagnosed, clinically interviewed by a cardiologist and randomized to two groups; experimental and control, and then completed Sherer et al. General Self-Efficacy Scale and 36-item Short Form Survey three times; pre-test, post-test, and after 3 months of follow-up. MBSR Program includes the methods that patients learn to calm their minds and body to help them cope with disease that was based on self-efficacy and quality of life. Data analysis was performed by the SPSS v22 using t-test and ANOVA. Results: The results show that the mean pre-test scores of self-efficacy and quality of life of patients were not significantly different between the experimental and control groups (P > 0.05). However, the mean scores of the two variables were found to be significantly different between the experimental group and the control group on the post-test and follow-up as the research hypotheses were examined (P < 0.01). So that the means of self-efficacy were 60.80 ± 5.91 and 60.40 ± 7.03 and quality of life were 103.80 ± 9.35 and 101.10 ± 9.13 at post-test and 3 months later respectively in experimental group. Conclusion: Self-efficacy and quality of life of cardiovascular patients could be improved by providing an MBSR program

Creating and controlling Dirac fermions, Weyl fermions, and nodal lines in the magnetic antiperovskite Eu₃PbO

The band topology of magnetic semimetals is of interest both from the fundamental science point of view and with respect to potential spintronics and memory applications. Unfortunately, only a handful of suitable topological semimetals with magnetic order have been discovered so far. One such family that hosts these characteristics is the antiperovskites, A3BO, a family of 3D Dirac semimetals. The A=Eu2+ compounds magnetically order with multiple phases as a function of applied magnetic field. Here, by combining band structure calculations with neutron diffraction and magnetic measurements, we establish the antiperovskite Eu3PbO as a new topological magnetic semimetal. This topological material exhibits a multitude of different topological phases with ordered Eu moments which can be easily controlled by an external magnetic field. The topological phase diagram of Eu3PbO includes an antiferromagnetic Dirac phase, as well as ferro- and ferrimagnetic phases with both Weyl points and nodal lines. For each of these phases, we determine the bulk band dispersions, the surface states, and the topological invariants by means of ab initio and tight-binding calculations. Our discovery of these topological phases introduces Eu3PbO as a new platform to study and manipulate the interplay of band topology, magnetism, and transport

Creating and controlling Dirac fermions, Weyl fermions, and nodal lines in the magnetic antiperovskite Eu₃PbO

Funding: A. W. R. and A. S. G. were supported by the Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council (grant numbers EP/P024564/1 and EP/T011130/1 respectively). This work has been supported in part by the Alexander von Humboldt Foundation.The band topology of magnetic semimetals is of interest both from the fundamental science point of view and with respect to potential spintronics and memory applications. Unfortunately, only a handful of suitable topological semimetals with magnetic order have been discovered so far. One such family that hosts these characteristics is the antiperovskites, A3BO, a family of 3D Dirac semimetals. The A=Eu2+ compounds magnetically order with multiple phases as a function of applied magnetic field. Here, by combining band structure calculations with neutron diffraction and magnetic measurements, we establish the antiperovskite Eu3PbO as a new topological magnetic semimetal. This topological material exhibits a multitude of different topological phases with ordered Eu moments which can be easily controlled by an external magnetic field. The topological phase diagram of Eu3PbO includes an antiferromagnetic Dirac phase, as well as ferro- and ferrimagnetic phases with both Weyl points and nodal lines. For each of these phases, we determine the bulk band dispersions, the surface states, and the topological invariants by means of ab-initio and tight-binding calculations. Our discovery of these topological phases introduces Eu3PbO as a new platform to study and manipulate the interplay of band topology, magnetism, and transport.Publisher PDFPeer reviewe