In Vitro Evaluation of Cytotoxicity of Moringa oleifera Hydroalcoholic Leaf Extract on Human Gingival Fibroblasts

Background. The market for wound healing biomaterials is a rapidly growing industry globally. Moringa oleifera Lam. (MO) is a plant that has gained attention for its benefit in buccal mouthwashes and antiseptic products. This study aimed to assess the cytotoxic potential of MO hydroalcoholic extract on human primary gingival fibroblasts. Methods. The gingival tissue was collected from a healthy adult male at Umm Al-Qura University Dental Teaching Hospital. Gingival fibroblasts were isolated and cultured in Dulbecco’s Modified Eagle Medium (DMEM). MO leaves were dried, powdered, and extracted with 80% ethanol. Various concentrations of MO alcohol extract were used to assess the cell viability of gingival fibroblasts using the MTT assay. Results. The gingival fibroblasts treated with higher concentrations of MO hydroalcoholic extract (10, 5, and 2.5 mg/ml) showed significant morphological changes, including cytoplasm swelling, ruptured cells, nuclear changes, and apoptotic bodies. At these concentrations, cell viability decreased sharply. However, at a lower concentration of 2.5 mg/ml, the cells showed better viability. MO alcohol extract at concentrations of 1.25 mg/ml or lower did not have cytotoxic effects on fibroblasts, with cell viability comparable to that of the control. Conclusions. MO alcohol extract at concentrations of 1.25 mg/ml or lower is not cytotoxic and does not induce dystrophic changes in morphology. Further research is needed to understand MO’s impact on oral health and to assess its potential use in oral care products in vivo

Klason Method: An Effective Method for Isolation of Lignin Fractions from Date Palm Biomass Waste

Klason lignin extraction method is one of the robust techniques for isolation of lignin from lignocellulosic palm biomass waste for future production of High Value Chemicals (HVCs). To elucidate the mechanism of hemicellulose and cellulose glycosidic bond distraction, lignocellulos

Estimating Combustion Kinetics of UAE Date Palm tree Biomass using Thermogravimetric Analysis

Palm tree consists of different parts among which are the leaflet, rachis and fibers. All these parts constitute lignocellulose biomass components capable of producing value added end products. A kinetic study of thermal decomposition of UAE date palm tree of phoenix dicteylifera species was carried out using thermal gravimetric analysis (TGA) at heating rates 10 oC/min, 15 oC/min and 20 oC/min. Most of the lignocellulose material decomposed between 300 oC and 650 oC at each heating rate. The rachis decomposed in three phases while the leaflet and fibers decomposed in two phases. The apparent activation energies increased from 54 to 476 kJ/mol, 55 to 458 kJ/mol and 84 to 329 kJ/mol for leaflet, rachis and fibers, respectively for conversion ranging from 10-% to 80-%. Results from this study are fundamental in optimizing operational conditions of a reactor for production of furfural, levulunic acid, dihydroeugenol, DHE and 2,6-dimethoxy-4-propyl phenol, DMPP as high value chemicals. Key words: UAE Palm tree biomass, Thermogravimetric analysis, Combustion kinetics, Activation energ

نمط التواصل بين المحاضرين والدافع الداخلي والخارجي لدى طلبة الجامعات The pattern of communication between lecturers and the internal and external motivation of university students

هناك نوع من العلاقة بين المحاضرين والطلبة في الجامعة الإسلامية العالمية بماليزيا؛ حيث إن بعض الطلبة يرون أنه ليس لديهم دافعية في التواصل مع المحاضرين لأسباب شخصية وعلمية، وبعضهم يرى غير ذلك، كذلك فإن المحاضرين عندهم وجهات نظر مختلفة في التواصل مع الطلبة لأسباب اجتماعية أو شخصية أو طبيعة بشرية. تهدف هذه الدراسة إلى التعرف على تصورات نمط التواصل بين المحاضرين والدافع الداخلي والخارجي عند الطلبة من وجهة نظر محاضري اللغة العربية ومحاضراتها، ومن وجهة نظر الطلبة من قسم اللغة العربية وآدابها في الجامعة الإسلامية العالمية بماليزيا، وكذلك تهدف الدراسة إلى بيان وجهة نظر محاضري اللغة العربية ومحاضراتها ووجهة نظر طلبة قسم اللغة العربية وآدابها في الجامعة الإسلامية العالمية بماليزيا حول علاقة نمط التواصل بين المحاضرين والدافع الداخلي والخارجي عند الطلبة. تتحدد نتائج الدراسة باقتصارها على 5 محاضرين و30 طالبا وطالبة من قسم اللغة العربية وآدابها في الجامعة الإسلامية العالمية بماليزيا من العام الدراسي 2017/2018م. سوف تجيب الدراسة عن الأسئلة الآتية: السؤال الأول وهو هل توجد فروق بين وجهة نظر محاضري اللغة العربية ومحاضراتها ووجهة نظر طلبة قسم اللغة العربية وآدابها في الجامعة الإسلامية العالمية بماليزيا حول نمط التواصل بين المحاضرين والدافع الداخلي والخارجي عند الطلبة؟ كذلك عن السؤال الثاني هل توجد فروق بين وجهة نظر محاضري اللغة العربية ووجهة نظر محاضرات اللغة العربية في قسم اللغة العربية وآدابها في الجامعة الإسلامية العالمية بماليزيا حول نمط التواصل بين المحاضرين والدافع الداخلي والخارجي عند الطلبة، والسؤال الثالث وهو: هل توجد فروق بين وجهة نظر الطلبة ووجهة نظر الطالبات في قسم اللغة العربية وآدابها في الجامعة الإسلامية العالمية بماليزيا حول نمط التواصل بين المحاضرين والدافع الداخلي والخارجي عند الطلبة. الكلمات المفتاحية: نمط التواصل، الدافع الداخلي والخارجي، طلبة الجامعات، محاضرات اللغة العربية. There is a kind of relationship between lecturers and students at the International Islamic University in Malaysia; As some students see that they are not motivated to communicate with the lecturers for personal and scientific reasons, and some see otherwise, the lecturers also have different points of view in communicating with students for social, personal, or human nature reasons. This study aims to identify the perceptions of the communication style between lecturers and the internal and external motivation of students from the point of view of Arabic language lecturers and lectures, and from the point of view of students from the Department of Arabic Language and Literature at the International Islamic University in Malaysia. And the point of view of the students of the Department of Arabic Language and Literature at the International Islamic University in Malaysia about the relationship of the pattern of communication between the lecturers and the students’ internal and external motivation. The results of the study are limited to 5 lecturers and 30 students from the Department of Arabic Language and Literature at the International Islamic University in Malaysia from the 2017/2018 academic year. The study will answer the following questions: The first question is, are there differences between the viewpoint of Arabic language lecturers and lectures and the viewpoint of the students of the Department of Arabic Language and Literature at the International Islamic University in Malaysia about the style of communication between the lecturers and the students’ internal and external motivation? Also about the second question: Are there differences between the viewpoint of the Arabic language lecturers and the viewpoint of the Arabic language lectures in the Department of Arabic Language and Literature at the International Islamic University in Malaysia about the style of communication between the lecturers and the students’ internal and external motivation, and the third question: Are there differences between the students’ viewpoint And the point of view of the female students in the Department of Arabic Language and Literature at the International Islamic University in Malaysia about the pattern of communication between the lecturers and the students’ internal and external motivation. Keywords: communication style, internal and external motivation, university students, Arabic language lecture

Integrated influential factors of internal stakeholder that negatively affecting project successful completion in Yemen

Development construction projects in Yemen are encountering a huge delays in time, cost invade, surrendered and disappointment. Because of an emotional movement in the limit and volume of the Yemeni development part in the course of the most recent decade, the need of a deliberate investigation of the reasons that adversely influencing negatively the project successful completion and building up an unmistakable comprehension among the stakeholder experts is profoundly urgent. The fundamental objective of this study is to recognize and rank the causes that contrarily influencing the project successful completion in Yemen. Utilizing a chose set of 55 qualities, this exploration initially distinguished the key elements affecting project completion in Yemen development industry. A survey has framed the premise of this examination and dispersed to proprietor, advisor and temporary worker. The outcome covers that the 10 major delay factors including money cash flow and financial difficulties faced by contractors, conflict between owners and other parties, delay in progress payment by owner, poor project management, slow decision from owner, escalation of prices of materials, lack of contractor experience, design errors made by designers, shortages of materials and poor site management and supervision. These findings are expected to be significant contributions to Yemen construction industry in controlling the time and cost overruns in construction. The effect of (IIF) is negatively influences to project successful completion regarding to time overrun, cost overrun, negatively affect to satisfaction of the stakeholder, negatively affect to technical specification and negatively affecting to fulfillment all meeting all the project objectives/requirements. These findings are required to be noteworthy commitments to Yemen development industry in controlling the time and cost invades in development

Induction of Systemic Resistance in Maize and Antibiofilm Activity of Surfactin From Bacillus velezensis MS20

Surfactin lipopeptide is an eco-friendly microbially synthesized bioproduct that holds considerable potential in therapeutics (antibiofilm) as well as in agriculture (antifungal). In the present study, production of surfactin by a marine strain Bacillus velezensis MS20 was carried out, followed by physico-chemical characterization, anti-biofilm activity, plant growth promotion, and quantitative Reverse Transcriptase-Polymerase Chain Reaction (q RT-PCR) studies. From the results, it was inferred that MS20 was found to produce biosurfactant (3,300 mg L-1) under optimized conditions. From the physicochemical characterization [Thin layer chromatography (TLC), Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) Spectroscopy, Liquid Chromatography/Mass Spectroscopy (LC/MS), and Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) amplification] it was revealed to be surfactin. From bio-assay and scanning electron microscope (SEM) images, it was observed that surfactin (MIC 50 mu g Ml(-1)) has appreciable bacterial aggregation against clinical pathogens Pseudomonas aeruginosa MTCC424, Escherichia coli MTCC43, Klebsiella pneumoniae MTCC9751, and Methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) and mycelial condensation property against a fungal phytopathogen Rhizoctonia solani. In addition, the q-RTPCR studies revealed 8-fold upregulation (9.34 +/- 0.11-fold) of srfA-A gene compared to controls. Further, treatment of maize crop (infected with R. solani) with surfactin and MS20 led to the production of defense enzymes. In conclusion, concentration and synergy of a carbon source with inorganic/mineral salts can ameliorate surfactin yield and, application wise, it has antibiofilm and antifungal activities. In addition, it induced systemic resistance in maize crop, which makes it a good candidate to be employed in sustainable agricultural practices.Peer reviewe

Potential Adverse Effects of Resveratrol: A Literature Review.

Due to its health benefits, resveratrol (RE) is one of the most researched natural polyphenols. Resveratrol's health benefits were first highlighted in the early 1990s in the French paradox study, which opened extensive research activity into this compound. Ever since, several pharmacological activities including antioxidant, anti-aging, anti-inflammatory, anti-cancerous, anti-diabetic, cardioprotective, and neuroprotective properties, were attributed to RE. However, results from the available human clinical trials were controversial concerning the protective effects of RE against diseases and their sequelae. The reason for these conflicting findings is varied but differences in the characteristics of the enrolled patients, RE doses used, and duration of RE supplementation were proposed, at least in part, as possible causes. In particular, the optimal RE dosage capable of maximizing its health benefits without raising toxicity issues remains an area of extensive research. In this context, while there is a consistent body of literature on the protective effects of RE against diseases, there are relatively few reports investigating its possible toxicity. Indeed, toxicity and adverse effects were reported following consumption of RE; therefore, extensive future studies on the long-term effects, as well as the in vivo adverse effects, of RE supplementation in humans are needed. Furthermore, data on the interactions of RE when combined with other therapies are still lacking, as well as results related to its absorption and bioavailability in the human body. In this review, we collect and summarize the available literature about RE toxicity and side effects. In this process, we analyze in vitro and in vivo studies that have addressed this stilbenoid. These studies suggest that RE still has an unexplored side. Finally, we discuss the new delivery methods that are being employed to overcome the low bioavailability of RE

TOXICOLOGICAL AND PHARMACOLOGICAL ASSESSMENT OF GOLD NANORODS IN NORMAL RATS

Objective: assessment of acute, subchronic and chronic toxicity of pegylated gold nanorods (PEG-gold NRs) in Wistar rats of both sex in three routes of administration {intravenous (IV), intramuscular (IM) and subcutaneous (SC)}.Methods: in the acute toxicity study; PEG-gold NRs were injected once by three different routes, blood and tissue samples were collected after 14 d. In the subchronic and chronic studies; PEG-gold NRs were injected via three different routes, at 0.225, 0.45 and 0.9 mg/kg, once daily for 5 consecutive days, followed by a 23-day recovery period, for three and six months in the subchronic and chronic toxicity studies, respectively. Hematology, urinalysis, biochemical and histopathological examinations were conducted at the end of each study.Results: acute toxicity showed a significant decrease in serum triglycerides and cholesterol levels after single IV, IM and SC injection of PEG-gold NRs, while serum creatinine was significantly increased after IV and IM injection. Subchronic results revealed a significant decrease in serum triglycerides and cholesterol levels. The chronic study showed a significant decrease in serum triglycerides, sodium levels, total leukocytes count and significant increase in serum creatinine after IV injection. IM injection resulted in significant decrease in serum alkaline phosphatase, triglycerides, cholesterol, sodium levels and total leukocytes count. SC injection resulted in significant decrease in serum triglycerides, glucose, red blood cell count with increased creatinine and hematocrit.Conclusion: PEG-gold NRs at the three examined doses is apparently safe since no serious signs of toxicity were detected. IM and SC routes of injection were irritating, so we recommend the IV route.Â