SEM study of the morphology of leaves of four dessert banana cultivars (Musa spp. cv. ‘Intan’, ‘Jari Buaya’, ‘Novaria’ and ‘Raja Udang Merah’) in Malaysia

The leaf surface morphology of four banana cultivars namely, ‘Intan’, ‘Novaria’, ‘Jari Buaya’ and ‘Raja Udang Merah’ was studied using the SEM. Stomatal density differed among the cultivars and between the two leaf surfaces. The abaxial surface had 2–3 fold more stomata/mm2 than the adaxial surface. ‘Jari Buaya’ had the highest stomatal density. Wax layer between the two leaf surfaces also differed. The abaxial surface showed more conspicuous and well-organized wax layer. The stomatal complex of both surfaces was located in a slight depression among the epidermal cells but with the stomatal aperture situated slightly higher than the position of the guard cells. The results are discussed in terms of plant water relations and the effectiveness of fungicide sprays to control leaf diseases

Sejarah perkembangan syarikat kerjasama kredit luar bandar di Melaka 1925-1955

Objektif kajian ini ialah untuk menggalurkan perkembangan Syarikat Kerjasama Kredit Luar Bandar (SKKLB) di Melaka dan mengesan faktor yang menghalang perkcmbangannya sebelum perang dunia kedua

Perception of organizational change toward employees’ performance of FGV Tembangau 9 / Muhammad Nur Rahman Abd Razak

Organizational change is a field of the board hypothesis that centers around the phases that organizations experience as they develop. It happens when an organization makes a progress from its present state to some ideal future state. All associations experience continuous change, and concentrate the manners in which associations change gives point of view on the procedure. In this study, I will going to focus on organizational change in a plantation company, FGV Tembangau 9. Perception of organizational change towards employees’ performance could be the precise title for this study. The point of this investigation is to decide the view of authoritative change towards specialists' execution in estate of FGV Tembangau 9. Four factors that will be considered which are communication, employee development, tolerance to change and leadership. The objective of this study is to examine the relationship between the factors of organizational change towards employees’ performance and to determine the most dominant factor of organizational change that contribute to employees’ performance. The study was focused on the senior workers which have more experience to the change. A survey was conducted to 52 sample of 60 populations in achieving the objectives. Data collected were analysed for correlation and multiple linear regression by using Statistical Package for the Social Science (SPSS). The result obtained from this study was all of the factors has a significant relationship since p-value is less than 0.05. Through regression analysis, it found that the most dominant factor of perception of organizational change towards employees’ performance was tolerance to change. I hope this study can be a guideline for plantation companies to improve their management quality

ECONOMIC GROWTH AND REGIONAL DEVELOPMENT DISPARITY IN SOUTH SULAWESI

This study aims to analyze the relationship between economic growth and disparity of regional economic development in regencies/cities of South Sulawesi. The Klassen Typology and Williamson Index are adopted to plot the rate of economic growth and income disparity during 2005-2010. The results show that the development of economic in the City of Parepare and Palopo and Regency of North Luwu are able to create simultaneously higher economic growth rate and more equitable distribution of income. While the other regions are not able to reach those two indicators of regional development at the same time including the more advance economics of Makassar City.  Keyword: Economic growth, regional development disparity, Klassen Typology, Williamson IndexJEL classification numbers: O40, R1

OPTIMIZATION OF THE PERFORMANCE OF LOCAL COMPANIES (BUMD) IN MOVING THE ECONOMY of KABUPATEN PANGKEP

The Paper will be present on PRSCO 2013This study aims to: (1). Measuring financial capability of Pangkep Regency that sourced from local revenue to fund programs and activities, (2). Determining the strategic efforts in optimizing the performance of Government owned enterprises as a source of revenue. If the revenue contribution to total revenue increased significantly related areas every year, then the dominance of contributions from the fund balance of the central government will slowly decrease from year to year, which in turn can be self-sufficient in the area concerned fund all development needs.\ud Data is used in this research obtaiend by case study and focus group discussion. Focus group discussion are conducted in the BUMD management and consultant of technical and management assitance for discussing problems of corporate, and local financial management staff for gathering information about local revenues, contributing of revenues of government owned enterprise toward local revenues and policy of local government of Pangkep in improving BUMD performance.\ud The results of this study indicate that the contribution of PAD to total revenues during period 2006- 2012 only 9,6% with the average of the percentage growth of 5.9%. PAD Pangkep is still very dominated by the acceptance of tax areas with average contributions of 52%. While the profit contribution of Government-Owned Enterprise haven't been able to contribute significantly. It caused by; (1) the Government hasn't been able to manage BUMD with professionally as productive enterprises and business center with the use of human resources professionals, so its performance is still relatively low, (2) business activities run by BUMD is still very limited and low benefits, (3) human resources which administers BUMD do not have the ability to develop productive efforts due to the limited capabilities of the network access attempt by outside ones; (4) the equity of BUMD only sourced from a APBD. In meanwhile, capital can be obtained from other sources, such as the investor as a partner of the business

Optimalisasi Hidrolisis Sukrosa Menggunakan Resin Penukar Kation Tipe Sulfonat

Optimization of sucrose hydrolysis has been investigated by using a sulfonic type cation excange. The aim of investigation are to find out the effect of resin concentration, agitation time and the recycling of resin without ion excange treatment with optimum condition for the effectiveness of resin as catalys in hydrolysis of sucrose 70%. The result, there were obtained that the optimum condition in hirolysis of sucrose occurred at 30 grams of resin and agitation time at 16 hours, the product of sugar invert was 833.810 mg or 1.132%. The recycled of resin without ion treatment on the optimum condition as catalys in hidrolysis sucrose affected to the reduction of resin effectiveness. From Duncan’s test, the best effectiveness recycling of resin without ion treatment on the optimum condition are four tim

Effect of mushroom supplementation as a prebiotic compound in super worm based diet on growth performance of red tilapia fingerlings

A feeding trial was conducted to investigate the effect of mushroom supplementation as a prebiotic compound in an insect-based diet on the growth performance and feed utilization of red Tilapia (Oreochromis sp.). A total of 120 fingerlings were divided in triplicates for each treatment. Four experimental diets were offered to the fishes within a 56 days treatment period. Out of the four diets, three contained mushroom stalk meal (MSM) supplementation at various levels of inclusion of prebiotic compound (0.5% MSM; 1.0% MSM; 1.5% MSM) and the fourth a control diet without MSM inclusion. During the growth test, fish receiving diet containing prebiotic showed significantly higher (p0.05) were observed in whole body protein and ash contents among the fish feeding on these diets. All water quality parameters showed no significant difference (p>0.05) in all treatments. The result of this feeding trial indicated that the 10% supplementation level of MSM as a prebiotic for tilapia could be used in the insect-based diet, Zophobas morio

Social power and willingness to share knowledge / Norfadzilah Abdul Razak, Sharifah Fazirah Syed Ahmad and Zulkefli Abd Rahman

Willingness to share knowledge is subjective to an individual. It relies on an individual’s decision to share or not with others. One of the factors that influence individual willingness to share knowledge is authority ranking. There are four types of social power comprising legitimate, coercive, referent and expertise power. Among of these four types of social power, this study aimed to investigate the significant relationship of social power and willingness to share knowledge. A survey was conducted among 150 knowledge workers in ICT industries which are mainly located in Cyberjaya, Malaysia. Partial Least Square analysis was conducted to analyze measurement and structural model. The results of the study indicate that none of the social power dimensions influence willingness to share knowledge as in the Malaysia context

OPTIMALISASI PRODUKSI SEMI REFINED CARAGINAN (SRC) DARI RUMPUT LAUT( Eucheuma cottonii)

ABSTRACT The investigation about the optimization of SRC Production (semi refined caraginan) from Eucheuma cottonii has beendone. The study aim to find whether or not there is interaction beetween consentration KOH and cooking time on rendamen and SRC purity degree and to find at which consentration KOH and cooking time yield the highest SRC Purity  degree. It was done by applying completely randomized design (CRD) i. e factorial design. It was consist of 2 factors ( consentration KOH and cooking time ). Each factors consist of 3 levels and all of experiments where done in duplo, so the total there ware 18 experiments. The result showed that The highest Rendaman and the highset degree of piyurity were obsained at consentration KOH and cooking time were 8 % and 60 minutes respectively. The result were 33.83 and 59.243 % accordingly Keywords : Eucheuma cottonii, Extraction Semi Refined Carrageenan, KOH concentration, Long time of cookin

Kajian Penggunaan Pengkelat untuk Menurunkan Kandungan Besi dalam Minyak Daun Cengkeh

The investigation about study of the use of chelating agent to reduce iron content in clove oil has been done. This study aimed to determine the type of chelating agent that has the best ability in reducing the iron content in clove oil and to determine the optimum concentration of the chosen chelating agent in reducing the iron content in clove oil. Determination of iron content (Fe) was conducted using Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometry (AAS). The result obtained show that the type of chelating agent that has the best ability in reducing the iron content in clove oil was EDTA with 1,8% of the optimum concentration. It could reduced the iron content from 3,75 ppm to 0,625 ppm or approximately 83,333% of iron reduction