Investigating the relationship between organizational factors of stress and delay of software projects in a large knowledge based company.

According to psychologists, stress means the pressure and the force and it is the accumulation of life events that disrupts the individual's adaptation to the existing situation. Stress is originated from two places: Inside our bodies and outside our bodies. Internal stresses are associated with biology and personality. External stress factors have three categories: Personal, Organizational and environmental. On the other hand, today, software projects have delays for various reasons and they are not completed on time. Knowledge-based companies require identifying factors causing delays. The aim of this study is to investigate the relationship between organizational factors of stress and delays of software projects. This is a descriptive correlational research. The population consisted of knowledge workers of a large knowledge-based company (n = 200), a sample of 127 knowledge workers were selected randomly. The data collected through questionnaire. The effect of organizational factors of stress on delay of software projects were assessed using Pearson correlation coefficients. The results show that there is a significant positive relationship between organizational factors of stress and delay of software projects in a large knowledge-based company

The mediating effect of supply chain integration on the relationship between information technology, trust and firm performance: a conceptual framework

Supply chain Management has played a significant role in corporate efficiency and has attracted the attention of numerous academicians over the last few years. As the concept of becomes more widely accepted, supply chain integration (SCI) is gaining more attention among both practitioners and academics. The paper aims at understanding how SCI and its antecedents, impacts firm performance. For the literature review of the related academic articles for the previous studies has been taken by international journals in Logistics, Supply Chain Management and Operations Management. The study looked at some variables such as trust and information technology (IT) that might impact the SCI and finally improve firm performance. Therefore, it is crucial for managers to apply their firms IT and trust as lower-order organizational capabilities to improve SCI as a higher-order organizational capability. To aid the study, Resourced-Based View (RBV) theory has been developed as the framework for the present research. The paper also proposes the framework for future research in empirical investigation in manufacturing. This study bridges the gap by developing a framework for measuring SCI, which enables any organization to identify critical success factors for integrating their SC, measures the degree of integration qualitatively and quantitatively and suggest improvement measures

Control drug release delivery of new sulfametazine drugconjugated poly p-styrene sulphonate system

Controlled drug release is one method for Stabilization of the drug concentration and its gradually releasing during the period of cure to make the most desire cure effect with decreasing the drug dose consumption. The application of polymers has been extended in this filed. This study includes the synthesis of p-styrene sulphonyl sulfametazine as monomer from p-styrene sulfonyl chlorid, and then the monomer is polymerized with AIBN (Azobis isobutyro nitrile) by free-radical polymerization mechanism, at the temperature 80 °C. The prepared products were characterized by 1H NMR and IR spectra. Then, the drug release ability of the polymer was test in buffer solution with PH = 1.4 at the temperature of 37°C. The results from the UV absorption of polymer established that, the polymer is able to release drug

Psychometric Characteristics of the Persian Version of the Irritable Bowel Syndrome Quality of Life Questionnaire (P-IBS-QOL)

ABSTRACT Objectives: This study investigated the psychometric characteristics (structural, concurrent and construct validity, and internal consistency) of the Persian version of the Irritable Bowel Syndrome Quality of Life (IBS-QOL) questionnaire, which is commonly used across cultures. Methodology: One hundred twenty-six patients with irritable bowel syndrome (based on diagnosis by professional physicians and the Rome II criteria) were selected from patients referred to Alzahra and Noor Hospitals in Isfahan to complete the IBS-QOL questionnaire. Results: Eight subscales of the questionnaire (sum score) had acceptable internal consistency coefficients (alpha for subscales: dysphoria, 0.88; interference with activity, 0.67; body image, 0.72; health worry, 0.57; food avoidance, 0.52; social reaction, 0.71; sexual concern, 0.76; relationships; 0.62; and overall score, 0.93). In order to assess construct validity, groups of healthy persons (n = 40) and patients (n = 40) were selected. Results of an independent t-test showed a significant difference between the mean of overall score and all subscale scores (except body image subscale) of the two groups (P < 0.05). Pearson correlation coefficients showed that the questionnaire has significant concurrent validity (with respect to IBS-QOL-36) (P < 0.05). Conclusion: The Persian version of IBS-QOL-34 is a valid and reliable instrument and is suitable for used in research and clinical trials

Investigating the mixed effect of green marketing on sustainable consumption with the mediating role of green shopping

Abstract During recent decades, environmental sustainability has reached the top of international political issues and has been recognized as a key motivating factor for innovation. As a result, the number of companies that develop green products has grown rapidly and customers show increasing interest in these products. Therefore, understanding the main characteristics of green products, identifying the factors affecting the price and the enthusiasm of consumers, to pay more for them, promotional tools and sales channels, green marketing mix for companies whose purpose is design, development and marketing. Green products can be useful. The aim of this research is to investigate the mixed effect of green marketing on sustainable consumption with the mediating role of green shopping. The research method is descriptive and practical in terms of purpose. The statistical population includes all students of Islamic Azad University, Shahrekord branch, and using Morgan's table, a sample size of 320 people was selected and the questionnaire was distributed among 300 people. Sampling in this research was done by random method and the questionnaire was distributed among the sampled people. Sampling in this research was done by random method and the questionnaire was distributed among the sampled people. The data collection tool is the mixed marketing questionnaire of Mohajerani (2014), green purchase intention of Hong et al. (2014) and Luchik's sustainable consumption questionnaire (2011). The results of the research showed that all 4 sub-hypotheses were accepted, as a result, the main hypothesis is also accepted, and green marketing mix has a significant positive effect on sustainable consumption with the mediating role of green shopping among students of Islamic Azad University, Shahrekord branch. Extended Introduction Due to the terrible destruction of the environment around the world, more and more people pay attention to environmental concerns (Turki et al, 2019; Ho et al, 2022). With the increasing awareness and knowledge of customers regarding the importance of social welfare, the environment has become a serious concern for people. With the emergence of new consumer products and the increase of society's well-being and the efforts of organizations to stay ahead of competitors, the marketing approach has changed to a customer-oriented one. But the trend we are facing today is more awareness of organizations towards the environment (Agarwal et al, 2022). Environmental pollutions that have arisen as a result of human production and consumption are among the issues that have been repeatedly recognized as a threat to humanity by organizations active in this field. These environmental issues are still the main concern of people all over the world. This concern pressured marketers to change their strategy and adopt a marketing strategy called green marketing. Marketing is one of the topics subject to changes, which are caused by consumption patterns and people's tastes (Ho et al, 2019). Green marketing processes are rapidly becoming a mainstream to ensure the sustainability of marketing operations (Chang et al, 2019). According to what was said, the main question of the current research is whether the marketing mix has an effect on sustainable consumption with the mediating role of green shopping. Theoretical framework Green marketing can be seen as the outward extension of the company's environmental management systems and procedures that try to prevent environmental damage and help protect the environment. With environmental issues becoming an important issue in society, the number of companies that rely on environmental management systems, standards and audits to achieve sustainable development has increased exponentially (Lee, Ngniatdma and Chen, 2017). Green purchasing can affect the income of the whole organization. It also helps to create a positive public image, brand and goodwill in the market environment. The intention to buy green products is variable in cultures, genders and individual behavior of a person (Serin et al, 2018). In 1987, the United Nations Commission presented a definition of sustainable development to the world: meeting the needs of the present without jeopardizing the ability of future generations to meet their own needs (Peterson et al., 2021). Saadat Nia (2021) conducted a research titled "Investigation and identification of the mix effect of green marketing on consumers' purchase intention". The results of this research showed that green product mix and green promotion mix have a positive and meaningful effect on the purchase intention of consumers of Tehran Milk Industries. It is. Azadmanesh et al., (2020) conducted a research entitled "The effect of mixed green marketing components on the purchase intention of Rogin tomato sauce consumers". The results showed that among the four components of green marketing, three components of green price, green production and green advertising have a positive and significant effect on the purchase intention of Rojin's tomato sauce consumers in Kermanshah. Among these three components, green price has the most effect and green advertising has the least effect, but green distribution has no significant effect on consumers' purchase intention. Methodology The current research is descriptive in terms of examining the existing conditions, and is a survey in terms of the fact that it uses a questionnaire. The current research population includes all students of Islamic Azad University, Shahrekord branch. Questionnaire was used as the survey method. In this research, 320 questionnaires were distributed among students, of which 300 questionnaires were usable, analyzed by PLS software. The questionnaire of Mohajerani et al, (2015) was used to collect data related to the green marketing mix variable, the questionnaire of Hang et al, (2014) was used for the green purchase intention variable, and the questionnaire of Lochic (2011) was used for the sustainable consumption variable. Discussion and Results In order to investigate the hypothesis of the research, the modeling of structural equations, the method of structural equation modeling with the help of spss software was used to test the hypotheses from inferential statistics. Then PLS software was used to test the hypotheses or the conceptual model of the research, and the results showed that the design of green products has a significant effect on sustainable consumption with the mediating role of green purchase, and the design of green products indirectly and through the mediating variable of green purchase intention has an effect of (0.726*0.576) on sustainable consumption. Also, considering that this coefficient is positive; designing green products has a positive effect on sustainable consumption with the mediating role of green purchasing. Considering that both pricing paths of green goods are significant on purchase intention and purchase intention on sustainable consumption, it is concluded that the pricing of green goods has a significant effect on sustainable consumption with the mediating role of green purchase, and pricing green goods indirectly and through the mediating variable of green purchase intention have an effect on sustainable consumption to the extent of (0.726 x 0.199). Also, considering that this coefficient is positive, as a result, the pricing of green goods has a positive effect on sustainable consumption with the mediating role of green shopping. According to the fact that both paths of distribution conforming to green criteria are significant on purchase intention and purchase intention on sustainable consumption, it is concluded that distribution conforming to green criteria has a significant effect on sustainable consumption with a mediating role of green purchase, and distribution conforming to Green criteria indirectly and through the mediating variable of green purchase intention have an effect on sustainable consumption to the extent of (0.726*0.184). Also, considering that this coefficient is positive, as a result, the distribution according to green criteria has a positive effect on sustainable consumption with the mediating role of green purchasing. Considering that both paths of green advertising on purchase intention and purchase intention on sustainable consumption are significant, it is concluded that green advertising has a significant effect on sustainable consumption with the mediating role of green purchase, and green advertising indirectly and through the mediating variable of green purchase intention has an effect on sustainable consumption to the extent of (0.726*0.266). Also, considering that this coefficient is positive, as a result, green advertising has a positive effect on sustainable consumption with the mediating role of green shopping. Considering that all 4 sub-hypotheses were approved, as a result, the main hypothesis is also approved and marketing mix has a significant positive effect on sustainable consumption with the mediating role of green shopping for students of Islamic Azad University, Shahrekord branch. Conclusion The present study was conducted with the aim of investigating the mix effect of green marketing on sustainable consumption with the mediating role of green shopping. This finding is in line with researchers such as Saadat Nia (2021), and Azadmanesh et al., (2020); Due to the fact that nowadays consumers are more interested in environmental issues and environmental awareness among them has grown significantly, it has led to a gradual change in consumer behavior and the introduction of green marketing to the field of activity of companies and producers of consumer products; a better understanding of green consumers and customers and their needs will lead to a better market for green products and will help more companies and organizations to produce green products. According to the results of the research, it is suggested that the subject of environmental knowledge should be taught as a general subject in higher educational institutions as well as in universities, so that students might become familiar with the importance and role of its proper maintenance. This will also lead to a change in the attitude towards the environment of the country's future makers

Job burnout and some of its risk factors on the health workers (Behvarz) in Koohrang County, I.R.Iran, in 2010

زمینه و هدف : فرسودگی شغلی، شامل خستگی عاطفی ، مسخ شخصیت و کاهش موفقیت فردی است و زمانی که توانایی های فرد برای تقاضاهای محیط کار کافی نباشد علائم آن آشکار می شود. کارکنان نظام سلامت به دلیل مواجهه با استرس های فیزیکی و روانی در معرض فرسودگی می باشند. این مطالعه با هدف تعیین میزان فرسودگی شغلی بهورزان و بررسی ارتباط خصوصیات جمعیت شناختی با آن انجام گرفت . روش بررسی: این پژوهش توصیفی-تحلیلی، بر روی همه بهورزان شهرستان کوهرنگ ( 81 نفر) در آبانماه سال 1389 انجام شد . ابزار گردآوری داده ها پرسشنامه­ای شامل اطلاعات جمعیت شناختی و پرسشنامه فرسودگی شغلی مازلاک ( MBI ) بود. پرسشنامه توسط بهورزان تکمیل و داده­ها با استفاده از آزمون های آماری ANOVA ، ضریب همبستگی اسپیرمن و آزمون تی مستقل تحلیل گردید. یافته ها: از نظر فراوانی، کاهش موفقیت فردی زیاد ( 5/24 ) ، خستگی عاطفی زیاد ( 6/4 ) و مسخ شخصیت زیاد ( 7/2 ) ، به ترتیب از بیشترین فراوانی و از نظر شدت، خستگی عاطفی شدید ( 7/6 ) و مسخ شخصیت شدید ( 3/1 ) ، به ترتیب از بیشترین شدت برخوردار بودند. هیچ یک از بهورزان کاهش شدید موفقیت فردی را گزارش ننمود. میزان خستگی عاطفی با مسخ شخصیت و میزان کاهش موفقیت فردی با خستگی عاطفی رابطه معنی داری داشت (001/0 > P ) . بین جنس، سن، وضعیت تأهل، سابقه کار، نوع استخدام و میزان تحصیلات بهورزان و فرسودگی رابطه معنی داری دیده نشد. نتیجه گیری: این مطالعه نشان داد که فراوانی و شدت فرسودگی شغلی در بهورزان شهرستان کوهرنگ پایین است که از دلایل آن می توان به موقعیت اجتماعی مناسب، نزدیکی محل کار و زندگی، درآمد متناسب با حجم کار و تحصیلات، امنیت شغلی، سطح توقع پایین و شرایط آب و هوایی و فرهنگی منطقه اشاره کر

Novel magnetic nanoparticles with ionic liquid tags as a reusable catalyst in the synthesis of polyhydroquinolines

In this study, we have introduced {Fe3O4@SiO2@(CH2)3Im}C(NO2)3 as a novel and heterogeneous reusable catalyst for the four component preparation of polyhydroquinoline derivatives under mild and eco-friendly reaction conditions. The structural confirmation of the novel heterogeneous reusable promoter was fully made using FT-IR, X-ray diffraction (XRD), field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), energy-dispersive spectroscopy (EDS) elemental mapping analysis, high resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM), thermogravimetry (TG), derivative thermal gravimetric (DTG), differential thermal (DTA) and vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM) analyses. The nanomagnetic heterogeneous catalyst was successfully applied for the synthesis of polyhydroquinoline derivatives via a four component condensation of a good range of aryl aldehydes, dimedone, ethyl acetoacetate or methyl acetoacetate as a β-ketoester, and ammonium acetate as a nitrogen source under solvent free conditions. Moreover, experimental evidence has demonstrated that {Fe3O4@SiO2@(CH2)3Im}C(NO2)3 could act as a recoverable nanomagnetic and reusable catalyst without any considerable drop in the yield and the reaction time for at least eight times.We thank the Bu-Ali Sina University, the Iran National Science Foundation (INSF) (Allameh Tabataba'i's Award, Grant Number BN093), the University of Alicante (VIGROB-173), and the Spanish Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad (CTQ2015-66624-P) for financial support to our research groups

Synthesis and application of a novel nanomagnetic catalyst with Cl[DABCO-NO2]C(NO2)3 tags in the preparation of pyrazolo[3,4-b]pyridines via anomeric based oxidation

A novel nanomagnetic catalyst with Cl[DABCO-NO2]C(NO2)3 tags was designed, synthesized and fully characterized by several techniques such as Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, elemental mapping analysis, thermogravimetric analysis, derivative thermal gravimetric, powder X-ray diffraction patterns, field scanning electron microscopy, high resolution transmission electron microscopy, physical adsorption and desorption of N2 isotherms (BET) and vibrating sample magnetometer. The synthesized nanomagnetic particles were used as an efficient and recyclable catalyst for the one-pot three component condensation reaction of 3-methyl-1-phenyl-1H-pyrazol-5-amine or 3-methyl-1H-pyrazol-5-amine, aryl aldehydes and malononitrile for the synthesis of pyrazolo[3,4-b]-pyridine derivatives under neat conditions.We thank Bu-Ali Sina University, Iran National Science Foundation (INSF) (Grant Number: 95831207), National Elites Foundation, University of Alicante (VIGROB-173, UAUSTI16-03), and the Spanish Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad (CTQ2015-66624-P) for financial support to our research groups

Design, synthesis, and application of 1H-imidazol-3-ium trinitromethanide {[HIMI]C(NO2)3} as a recyclable nanostructured ionic liquid (NIL) catalyst for the synthesis of imidazo[1,2-a]pyrimidine-3-carbonitriles

In this study, 1H-imidazol-3-ium trinitromethanide (1) {[HIMI]C(NO2)3} as a green and recyclable catalyst based on nanostructure ionic liquid (NIL) was designed, synthesized, fully characterized by various analysis techniques, and applied as catalyst for the synthesis of 4-amino-1,2-dihydrobenzo[4,5]imidazo[1,2-a]pyrimidine-3-carbonitrile derivatives via one-pot three-component condensation reaction. The reaction tolerates a wide range of electron-donating and electron-withdrawing substituents on aldehydes with malononitrile and 2-aminobenzimidazole at 50 °C under neat conditions. The described reaction is compatible with the green chemistry disciplines and their main advantages are short reaction time, high yields, simplicity of product isolation, and clean reaction profile. Additionally, the NIL catalyst (1) {[HIMI]C(NO2)3} can be readily recovered in the reaction vessel using a mixture of EtOAc/H2O (1:1) and reused for four consecutive runs without a significant loss in catalytic activity. The present study can open up a new and promising insight in the course of rational design, synthesis and applications of nanostructured task-specific ionic liquids (NTSILs) for numerous green purposes.We thank Bu-Ali Sina University, Iran National Science Foundation (INSF) (Grant number: 940124), National Elites Foundation, University of Alicante (VIGROB-173), and the Spanish Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad (CTQ2015-66624-P) for financial support to our research groups