M-ATTEMPT: A New Energy-Efficient Routing Protocol for Wireless Body Area Sensor Networks

In this paper, we propose a new routing protocol for heterogeneous Wireless Body Area Sensor Networks (WBASNs); Mobility-supporting Adaptive Threshold-based Thermal-aware Energy-efficientMulti-hop ProTocol (M-ATTEMPT). A prototype is defined for employing heterogeneous sensors on human body. Direct communication is used for real-time traffic (critical data) or on-demand data while Multi-hop communication is used for normal data delivery. One of the prime challenges in WBASNs is sensing of the heat generated by the implanted sensor nodes. The proposed routing algorithm is thermal-aware which senses the link Hot-spot and routes the data away from these links. Continuous mobility of human body causes disconnection between previous established links. So, mobility support and energy-management is introduced to overcome the problem. Linear Programming (LP) model for maximum information extraction and minimum energy consumption is presented in this study. MATLAB simulations of proposed routing algorithm are performed for lifetime and successful packet delivery in comparison with Multi-hop communication. The results show that the proposed routing algorithm has less energy consumption and more reliable as compared to Multi-hop communication.Comment: arXiv admin note: substantial text overlap with arXiv:1208.609

Constraining Form Factors with the Method of Unitarity Bounds

The availability of a reliable bound on an integral involving the square of the modulus of a form factor on the unitarity cut allows one to constrain the form factor at points inside the analyticity domain and its shape parameters, and also to isolate domains on the real axis and in the complex energy plane where zeros are excluded. In this lecture note, we review the mathematical techniques of this formalism in its standard form, known as the method of unitarity bounds, and recent developments which allow us to include information on the phase and modulus along a part of the unitarity cut. We also provide a brief summary of some results that we have obtained in the recent past, which demonstrate the usefulness of the method for precision predictions on the form factors.Comment: 12 pages, 2 figures; Lecture given at the DAE-BRNS Workshop on Hadron Physics, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Mumbai, India, October 31-November 4, 2011, submitted to Proceeding

Task-Projected Hyperdimensional Computing for Multi-Task Learning

Brain-inspired Hyperdimensional (HD) computing is an emerging technique for cognitive tasks in the field of low-power design. As a fast-learning and energy-efficient computational paradigm, HD computing has shown great success in many real-world applications. However, an HD model incrementally trained on multiple tasks suffers from the negative impacts of catastrophic forgetting. The model forgets the knowledge learned from previous tasks and only focuses on the current one. To the best of our knowledge, no study has been conducted to investigate the feasibility of applying multi-task learning to HD computing. In this paper, we propose Task-Projected Hyperdimensional Computing (TP-HDC) to make the HD model simultaneously support multiple tasks by exploiting the redundant dimensionality in the hyperspace. To mitigate the interferences between different tasks, we project each task into a separate subspace for learning. Compared with the baseline method, our approach efficiently utilizes the unused capacity in the hyperspace and shows a 12.8% improvement in averaged accuracy with negligible memory overhead.Comment: To be published in 16th International Conference on Artificial Intelligence Applications and Innovation

Machine Learning-Based Prediction of Compressive Performance in Circular Concrete Columns Confined with FRP

This article presents a comprehensive investigation, focusing on the prediction and formulation of the design equation of compressive strength of circular concrete columns confined with Fiber Reinforced Polymer (FRP) using advanced machine learning models. Through an extensive analysis of 170 experimental data specimens, the study examines the effects of six key parameters, including concrete cylinder diameter, concrete cylinder-FRP thickness, compressive strength of concrete without FRP, initial compressive strain of concrete without FRP, elastic modulus and tensile strength of FRP, on the compressive strength of the circular concrete columns confined with FRP. The predictive model and design equation of compressive strength is developed using a machine learning technique, specifically the artificial neural networks (ANN) model. The results demonstrates strong correlations between the compressive strength of the circular concrete columns confined with FRP and certain factors, such as the compressive strength of the concrete and compressive strain of the concrete column without FRP, elastic modulus of FRP, and tensile strength of FRP. The ANN model specifically developed using Neural Designer, exhibits superior predictive accuracy compared to other constitutive models, showcasing its potential for practical implementation. The study's findings contribute valuable insights into accurately predicting the compressive performance of circular concrete columns confined with FRP, which can aid in optimizing and designing civil engineering structures for enhanced performance and efficiency

Pemanfaatan Teknologi Pascapanen untuk Pengembangan Agroindustri Perdesaan di Indonesia

EnglishPostharvest handling application is one of the ways to increase agricultural commodity's added value. In addition, it also can reduce agricultural yield loss. Technology application is started with dissemination and socialization activity and then followed by technology adoption. The process of dissemination and adoption of the introduced technologies is a crucial part of the efforts to apply technology at the end user's level. Various influencing factors on the process of dissemination and adoption are associated with the technology, dissemination process, and technology beneficiaries. This paper describes an analysis of post-harvest technology transfer process mainly for food crops and estate crops, and community development in various regions of Indonesia. A concept of zero waste development policy is enhanced in the process of disseminating postharvest technology toward development of rural agro-industry. With that action, it is expected that farmers' income and agricultural commodity competitiveness could be improved.IndonesianPenerapan teknologi pascapanen merupakan salah satu cara untuk meningkatkan nilai tambah komoditas pertanian. Selain itu, aplikasi teknologi pascapanen juga dapat menekan kehilangan hasil panen. Penerapan teknologi diawali dengan diseminasi teknologi, selanjutnya terjadi adopsi teknologi. Proses diseminasi dan adopsi teknologi ini merupakan bagian penting dalam pemanfaatan teknologi bagi pengguna. Berbagai faktor yang berpengaruh dalam proses diseminasi dan adopsi teknologi terkait dengan teknologi, proses diseminasi, dan penerima manfaat teknologi tersebut. Tulisan ini mendeskripsikan proses alih teknologi pascapanen produk tanaman pangan dan tanaman perkebunan serta pemberdayaan masyarakat pengguna teknologi pascapanen di berbagai daerah di Indonesia. Dalam proses mendiseminasikan teknologi pascapanen menuju pengembangan agroindustri di perdesaan dikembangkan konsep kebijakan yang diharapkan dapat meningkatkan pendapatan petani dan daya saing komoditas pertanian

Oil palm leaf fibre and its suitability for paper-based products

Due to the shortage of wood as origin materials for paper-based production, agro-residue materials have been explored in the quest of finding the best alternative fibre. Oil palm leaf (OPL) is one of agro-residue that has potential due to its comparable characteristics with wood fibre. Studies on chemical compositions, fibre morphology, and mechanical property of OPL have been carried out aiming to evaluate its potential as a substitute raw material for pulp and paper-based production. The chemical compositions were analysed according to the TAPPI standard, Kurscher-Hoffner and chlorite methods accordingly. The mechanical property (tensile, tearing and bursting strengths) were determined as described in TAPPI test methods. Fibre dimensions were determined using Franklin method and analysed under the optical microscope. The content of cellulose in the OPL is determined to be 43.8%. Although, this result is lower than wood fibre (53%), OPL has higher hemicellulose content (36.4%) than the wood fibre (27.5%). In addition, the lignin content (19.7%) of OPL is in the low range of those in wood resources (18 - 25%). These parameters are important components to produce good quality pulp and will provide high mechanical strength of the paper-based products. The measured fibre length of oil palm leaf (1.13 mm) is shorter than the wood fibre (1.90 mm). Meanwhile, the mechanical property of OPL showed lower indexes than wood resources, however, tear (1.80 mN.m2/g) and burst (0.95 kPa.m2/g) indexes of OPL are higher than other published and successful wood resources (Eucalyptus). Based on the analyses, the oil palm leaf is indeed a suitable alternative of raw material for pulp and paper-based industries

Dose Reference Levels in Radiography for the Most Common Examinations in Sudan

Background: The aim of this study was to establish national diagnostic reference levels (DRLs) for the first time in Sudan. This is done through evaluation of entrance surface dose (ESD) to patients undergoing selected X-ray examinations.Materials and Methods: ESD per examination was estimated from X-ray tube output parameters in 15 hospitals comprising 20 rooms and a sample of 8 most common X-ray examinations with 11 basic views and a total of 1490 projections. Third quartile was calculated from the resultant distributed mean ESDs in each hospital surveyed.Results: The results obtained in mGy were, 1.9 for PA skull, 1.2 for lateral Skull, 0.539 for PA chest, 3 for abdomen and pelvis, 4.9 for AP lumbosacral spine, 18.5 for lateral lumbosacral spine, 1.35 for AP cervical spine, 1.67 for lateral cervical spine 0.4 for AP knee joint and 1.4 for AP shoulder. With exception of PA chest in all hospitals, mean ESDs were found to be within the international reference dose the major drawback is the large variations in hospitals for the same procedure.Conclusions: The results are valuable for establishing a solid base for national ESDs and can provide a data base for future dose measurements