The effectiveness of cognitive-behavioral therapy in improving symptoms of children with chronic tic disorder

Background: The Chronic tic disorder is a single tic or several sudden tics that continue several times a day for more than a year and it can be simple or complex. ​​Children with tic disorder stigmatized and consider the judgment of others very much, which could impair their quality of life. The purpose of this study was to explore the effectiveness of cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT) in improving the symptoms of children with chronic tic disorder. Method: This research was a single case type A-B-A with multiple baseline design and follow-up. The study   population was 10–13-year-old boys with tic disorder who referred to Astan-e-Mehr Psychiatric Clinic in Mashhad in 2018-2019. Sampling was done through purposive sampling method in which three cases (one with simple and two with complex tic disrder) were selected using a clinical interview by a clinical psychologist. The subjects responded to the Global Tic Severity Scale in baseline situations, intervention sessions, and one month after the intervention. The CBT was performed in 14 sessions. Data analysis was performed using trend chart method and the effect size. Results: The results of each subject showed a significant difference between the intervention position and baseline for three subjects with paroxysmal nocturnal dyspnea (PND) 100% for subject number one, 78% for subject number two and 86% for subject number three. Also, in the follow-up situations, the performance of all subjects was maintained., Conclusion: the CBT could be effective in improving the symptoms of children with chronic tic disorder

Impact of Implementing Nursing Guidelines on Knowledge and Habits of Patients Receiving Radioactive Iodine

Background: Radioactive iodine is widely used in nuclear medicine. The radioactive iodine 131 (I-131) is generally utilized in patient with different thyroid disease. Aim of the study: Is to evaluate impact of implementing nursing guidelines on knowledge and habits of patients receiving radioactive iodine. Research design: interventional research design (Pre / post test) was utilized in this study. Setting: This study was conducted in nuclear medicine department at Sohage University Hospital. Sample: 60 patients were included in this study. Tools: Data collected by three tools Interview questionnaire sheet, patient’s knowledge questionnaire sheet and patient habits assessment sheet. Results: there were vital distinction between patients knowledge and habits post implementing nursing guidelines with P value (0.001*). Conclusion: providing nursing guidelines were largely effective on improving patients knowledge and correcting habits. Recommendation: Nurses should be aware by guidelines that given to patients after receiving radioactive iodine and inform patients about them, research should be applied on widely geographical area. Keywords: Nursing Guidelines, knowledge and habits, Radioactive iodine. DOI: 10.7176/JHMN/61-07 Publication date: April 30th 201

UTILIZATION OF INDUSTRIAL WASTES FOR IMPROVING GEOTECHNICAL PROPERTIES OF COLLAPSIBLE SOIL

At the present time the disposal of industrial wastes has become a challenge for most countries. This research aims to study the effect of mixing the industrial textile sludge on geotechnical properties of collapsible soil. The experimental program studies the effect of textile wastes on Atterberg limits, collapse potential, compaction, CBR, and shear strength parameters. The percentages of textile wastes mixed with soil are 4, 8, 12, 16, 20, and 24 %. The results indicated that the collapse potential of untreated soil is significantly decreased from about 11% to 2.6% at 24% of textile sludge. Shear test results show an increase in cohesion and decrease in the internal friction angle. For Atterberg limits there was an increase in liquid limit. For Compaction results, it is noticed a decrease in maximum dry density and an increase in optimum moisture content. CBR values for all samples indicates the suitability of using soil and soil-sludge mixtures only in subgrade layer of pavement. It was found that the reuse of textile sludge with collapsible soils considers an economic method to improve the physical and mechanical properties of the soil, in addition, it could be considered as sustainable management of textile sludge which leads to a reduction in the consumption of natural resources and preserves the surrounding environment through decreasing the retention of these wastes to a minimu

Evaluation of stool and urine parameters correlation to CRP and D-dimer in COVID-19 infected adults and their contact children

Aim: Aim is to depict suggestive urine and stool parameters in asymptomatic suspected contact children living with COVID-19 infected adults. These parameters will facilitate identifying  children who deserve the confirmatory diagnosis of COVID-19 by PCR test.  Methods: Study was conducted in the National Hepatology and Tropical Medicine Research institute (NHTMRI) Cairo, Egypt. It included 66 mild COVID-19 adult patients (group1) and their 82 asymptomatic contact children (group 2). Results:  In group 1, both C reactive protein (CRP) and D-dimer levels were significantly high. C reactive protein was significantly positively correlated with urinary microalbumin> 30, albumin/ creatinine ratio and urine pus >10 cells / HPF and significantly negatively correlated with vitamin C. D-dimer was significantly negatively correlated with vitamin C. In group 2, CRP and D-dimer were significantly negatively correlated with urine specific gravity (SG), urinary vitamin C. CRP was significantly negatively correlated with stool pus > 10 cells/ HPF, while D-dimer was significantly positively correlated with stool occult blood.   Receiver Operating Curve (ROC) analysis revealed that urine SG showed the highest area under the curve (AUC); 0.859, 0.96, sensitivity of 100%, 100% and specificity of 71.8%, 77.8% with reference to D-dimer and CRP; respectively. Conclusions: In contact children of adult COVID-19 proved infection, urine SG, stool occult blood and stool pus > 10 cells/ HPF can be feasible tool for suspected COVID-19 infection, based on its results COVID-19 PCR request can be an imperative option to confirm the diagnosis; particularly in developing countries where detection of COVID -19 by PCR is not readily feasible.COVID19; urine; stool; childre

The role of maternal nutritional status and inflammatory markers on postnatal weight retention and infant growth from a cohort study in United Arab Emirates

The United Arab Emirates (UAE) has experienced rapid economic growth that provoked a shift in diet and lifestyle factors which triggered a marked increase in the prevalence of overweight and obesity particularly among women during their reproductive years. Pregnancy is a vulnerable period for increased weight gain and systematic metabolic inflammation that can dictate fetal adaptations at the earliest stages of the life, with possible long-lasting effects on offspring. These perspectives geared the initiation of Mother and Infant Study Cohort (MISC) to address maternal nutrition, infant feeding practices and its associations with metabolic markers. The current study which stems from (MISC) cohort was conducted from December 2015 and ended in June 2016 in the Emirates of Sharjah, Dubai and Ajman of United Arab Emirates (UAE). A total of 256 healthy pregnant Arab women aged 19 to 40 years with singleton pregnancy were recruited during the third trimester of pregnancy. Participants were interviewed once during pregnancy, then at delivery, at two and 6 months postpartum in the primary health care clinics. The data collected for the mothers included socio-demographic characteristics, lifestyle, dietary intake, and anthropometry upon recruitment and during the postnatal visits while for infants, anthropometric measurements, and feeding practices. Further, blood and breast milk samples were collected at birth from the mothers and at 6 months postpartum for the mothers and the infants. These included fasting blood sugar (FBS), insulin, lipid profile as well as High Molecular Weight Human Adiponectin (HMW) ADPN; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha (TNF-α) Interleukin-6 (IL-6), and High Sensitivity C Reactive protein (hs-CRP). In addition to the breast milk profile of adiponectin and hs-CRP. Descriptive analysis revealed a marked prevalence of excessive gestational weight gain (GWG) (39.1%) among the participant mothers and was prominent among overweight and obese mothers (53.9% and 48.7%) respectively. Besides, their diet quality index score was less than the optimum. At 6 months, multiple linear regression (MLR) revealed that postpartum weight retention (PPWR) decreased with increasing pre pregnancy body mass index (BMI) (β=-.43, p<0.01) and increased with increasing gestational weight gain (GWG) (β=.391, p<0.001), while serum FBS was the only metabolite parameter associated with retaining weight (β= 0.113, p<0.05). The maternal serum demonstrated significantly (p<0.01) elevated inflammatory cytokines and insulin among overweight/obese women compared to leaner mothers. At 6 months of infants’ age, examining the Z score growth parameters, no significant changes (p>0.05) have been encountered among the different feeding practices (exclusive, predominant breast feeding or mixed feeding (MF)). The serum insulin of the (MF) infants significantly exceeded 3 times (9.60 μIU/ml), the recorded levels in other feeding practices (p< 0.05). MLR models showed that as infants’ serum BG increased, lower infant body weight was predicted (β=-0.024, p=0.044). Infant birth BAZ and maternal serum adiponectin were positive predictors for the 6 months BAZ score (β=0.336, p=0.05) and (β=.241, p<0.05) respectively. In conclusion, excessive maternal weight represented in high pre-pregnancy BMI, excessive GWG and PPWR was the common denominator for the major study outcomes. These considered potentially modifiable risk factors which warrants developing culturally specific legislation to lessen the transgenerational impact of obesity. Though breastfeeding beneficial effects on infants’ weight fades after cofounder adjustments, nevertheless, promoting breastfeeding is a proactive endeavour that may contribute to infants’ metabolic programming against obesity in the long run

Prevention Effects of Hydroalcoholic Extracts Bottle Gourd (Lagenaria siceraria standl.) on Life Cells Faced with Anti-Cancer Drug Doxorubicin

Introduction: In most cases, drugs used for chemotherapy are ineffective and have unpleasant side-effects. This has made scientists to find more effective drugs with less toxicity. Lagenaria siceraria is an important medicinal plant in the world and anti-tumoral activity of Lagenaria species has been reported in some studies.In this study, the preventive effects of hydraualcoholic lagenaria siceraria on the toxicity resulting from doxorubicin in the cells of normal and cancer cells were investigated. Methods and Results: Hydroalcoholic extract of Lagenaria siceraria was prepared by percolation method. Then, the effects of solutions containing the sample with different concentrations (1, 50, 100, 250, 500, 1000 µg/ml) of each extract were provided and then were studied&nbsp; by the evaluation method MTT on the renal fibroblast cell line (NIH3T3) and breast cancer cell line (MCF7). Doxorubicin was considered as positive control. The results were analyzed through ANOVA and T-test. P&lt;0.05 is considered as the level of significance. The findings indicated that the IC50 dose of Doxorubicin on the normal fibroblast cell line (NIH3T3) and breast cancer cell line (MCF7) is 402± and 101± µg/ml, respectively. On the other hand, lagenaria siceraria has no significant cytotoxic effects. Conclusions: This extract lagenaria siceraria caused a significant decrease in proliferation of breast cancer cells. Therefore, it is recommended to diagnose the active materials in this extract and determine the mechanism of their effect

Acinetobacter baumannii extracted silver nanoparticles: A study on the characterization and antibacterial activity

Background:&nbsp;Antibiotic resistance is a worldwide problem, associated with increased mortality. Biosynthesized silver nanoparticles are promising solution.&nbsp;Aim:&nbsp;To improve the anti-microbial resistance using&nbsp;Acinetobacter baumannii&nbsp;&nbsp;(A. baumannii)&nbsp;biosynthesized silver nitrate.Methods:&nbsp;Optimization of biosynthesis condition and characterization by Ultraviolet-Visible spectroscopy (U-V-Vis) at a wavelength from 300 to 400 nm, ±1.67 nm. The&nbsp;Acinetobacter baumannii&nbsp;biosynthesized silver nitrate was examined using transmission electron microscope (TEM).&nbsp; Fourier transformed infrared spectroscopy was done to study the capping material, X-ray spectroscopy confirm silver nanoparticles synthesis with particle size match TEM measuring and testing its antibacterial effect was done.&nbsp;Results:&nbsp;The obtained U.V Spectroscopy and TEM characters of silver nitrate biosynthesized&nbsp;A.baumannii.&nbsp;Acinetobacter baumannii&nbsp;biosynthesized silver nitrate was obtained indicated. Minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) was from 1-3 mg/ml against extreme drug resistance bacteria. the size of silver nanoparticles was found to be between 18 nm and 50 nm. The AgNPs were found to be stable for over 6 months at 37°C.The MIC for AgNPs formed from&nbsp;A. baumannii&nbsp;CFF was detected as 2.85 mg/ml, MBC (minimal bactericidal concentration) was 3 mg/ml for&nbsp;K. pneumonia,&nbsp;MIC was 1 mg/ml, MBC was 0.5 mg/ml for&nbsp;P. aeruginosa&nbsp;and MIC was 1.5 mg/ml and MBC was 1 mg/ml for&nbsp;A. baumannii&nbsp;isolates. Lethal concentration (LC) 50% was 60.584 ug/ml) assessed by Sulforhodamine-B assay on hepatocellular carcinoma cell line.&nbsp;Conclusion:&nbsp;Acinetobacter baumannii&nbsp;extracted silver nitrate has A promising antibacterial action that may help in solving the multidrug resistance bacteria

Effects of irregular antenatal care attendance in primiparas on the perinatal outcomes: a cross sectional study

Aim: Antenatal care (ANC) is a key strategy for reducing maternal and neonatal morbidity and mortality rates because adequate utilization of antenatal health care services is associated with improved maternal and neonatal health outcomes. The current study aims to identify the factors causing lack of regular attendance at ANC clinics in primiparas and to determine the effects of lack of antenatal care on perinatal outcomes. Methods: A cross sectional study was carried out at Assiut Women\u27s Health Hospital, Egypt between October 2015 and September 2016. Estimated sample size of 516 primiparous women were divided into two groups according to number of attendance to ANC clinics; women who came four visits or more were considered regular and those who came to less than four visits were considered irregular. Data was collected via a structured interview questionnaire that included personal data, obstetrical, data about current pregnancy and labor. The researcher interviewed the women within 24 hours postpartum. Results: The majority of the study sample (74.8%) had regular ANC visits while only (25.2%) had \u3c4 antenatal visits. Financial problems (44.6%) or lack of awareness about the importance of ANC (20%) were the most common reasons for irregular ANC visits. The incidence of preeclampsia and eclampsia is significantly higher in the irregular attendants (p=0.000). Similarly, preterm birth, stillbirth and low birth weight were significantly more common among irregular attendants (p=0000). Conclusion: Women with irregular antenatal care attendance are much more prone to pregnancy complications such as preeclampsia, eclampsia and anemia besides higher adverse birth outcomes including preterm birth, low birth weight and stillbirth

The Reciprocal Relationship between the Form and the Ground in the Typographic Decorative Designs

&nbsp;&nbsp; تبادلية العلاقة بين الشكل والأرضية واحدة من المتغيرات التي حدثت في تبادلية العلاقة وبالدراسة التي أجراها الباحثان على التصاميم الزخرفية الطباعية وجد بانها جديدة بالدراسة لذلك حدد الباحثان مشكلته بالتساؤول؟ ما تبادلية العلاقة بين الشكل والأرضية في التصاميم الزخرفية الطباعية. وتناول الباحثان في الإطار النظري بمبحثين يتضمن المبحث الأول الجوانب العقلية لإدراك العلاقة بين الأشكال والأرضيات. أما المبحث الثاني يتضن جماليات التصميمات الزخرفية القائمة على خامات وتقنيات عصر التكنولوجيا. أما الفصل الثالث&nbsp; حيث اتبع الباحثان المنهج الوصفي التحليلي وحدد الباحثان مجتمع البحث الذي هو (50) شكلا واختيار عينته بشكل قصدي بنسبة 10%فكانت نموذجان (تصميم هندسي بالتقنية الطباعية) ونموذجان (تصميم مختلط بالتقنية الطباعية والمختلط يحتوي على زخارف نباتية وحيوانية). أما الفصل الرابع فيتمثل بنتائج البحث : يدرك الشكل دائما في أغلب الأحيان فوق الأرضية وأمامها، وأحيانا يحدث لها فجوات أو تكون المعالجات بها. أما الاستنتاجات فأدى استخدام التبادل في العناصر إلى تحقيق مدخل جديد لدراسة أثر الحركة الفعلية في تدعيم التصميم الطباعي وبذلك حقق جذب الانتباه وإثارة الاهتمام. وقد أوصى الباحثان بالاستفادة من البرامج الاإلكترونية والاجهزه المساعدة&nbsp; لدعم العملية التربوية&nbsp; في المجال الانتاجيThe reciprocal relationship between the figure and the floor is one of the variables that occurred in the reciprocal relationship. Through the study conducted by the researchers on the decorative typographic designs, it was found that it was worthy to be studied, so the researchers identified its problem by asking: What is the reciprocal relationship between the shape and the floor in the decorative typographic designs? While the two researchers dealt with the theoretical framework through two sections, the first section includes the mental aspects of realizing the relationship between shapes and floors . and the second section includes the aesthetics of decorative designs based on the materials and techniques of the era of technology. As for the third chapter, where the researchers followed the analytical descriptive approach, the researchers identified the research community, which is (50) forms, and its sample was intentionally chosen by 10%. The fourth chapter is the results of the research: The shape is always realized in most cases above and in front of the floor, and sometimes gaps occur in it or treatments are done through it. As for the conclusions, the use of exchange in the elements led to achieving a new approach to study the role of actual movement in supporting the typographic design, and thus achieved attracting attention and arousing interest. The researchers recommended taking advantage of electronic programs and assistive devices to support the educational process in the productive field

The role of financial credits, economic growth, and sustainable energy on the environmental condition in Iraq

Due to enormous commercial and financial operations that demand new literature and the experience of regulators, environmental degradation has become an important issue. Consequently, this study investigates the effect of financial credits, economic growth (EG), renewable energy (RE) output, and energy import on Iraq's environmental condition (carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions. The paper also utilized a control variable, such as industrialization, to predict Iraq's environmental circumstances. From 1991 through 2020, secondary statistics were gathered from the World Development Indicators (WDI). Dynamic Auto-regressive Distributed Lags (DARDL) were used to examine the variables' relationship. Financial credits, economic growth, RE output, energy import, and industrialization were found to have a negative relationship with CO2 emissions in Iraq. The research advises policymakers on preventing environmental deterioration through effective financial credits, economic growth, and renewable energy.Mona Abdel Sakban Fahd (University of Babylon, College of Administration and Economics), Mahdi Khaleel Shadeed Al-Mamoori (University of Babylon, College of Administration and Economics), Hussein Abbas Al-Shammari (University of Babylon, College of Administration and Economics)Includes bibliographical references