THE ENVIRONMENT REPRESENTATIONS IN CONTEMPORARY ARAB ART FROM THE RURAL TO THE URBAN

This article located three artists from three different Arab countries, who represented environment by producing different art production. They portrayed, installed, and composed images that belong to rural or urban environments where they selected landscapes that represent certain places. They portrayed certain objects that symbolize rural or urban environments. The investigated artworks are made by artists who had different collective and cultural backgrounds as well as different social realities. Therefore, this article investigates the concepts of representing places and environments in the Arab Contemporary Arts, where the artists analysed and installed the urban and rural images in their current social situations. The images as well as the belongings of the Arab contemporary urban and rural places appear in visual arts strongly through different forms of art such as installation art, abstraction, realism, or semi-realism; those artworks can be viewed in galleries, art fairs, and biennales.&nbsp

SLANTLET TRANSFORM-BASED OFDM SCHEME

Wireless digital communication is rapidly expanding resulting in a demand for systems that are reliable and have a high spectral efficiency. To fulfill these demands OFDM technology has drawn a lot of attention. In this paper a new technique is proposed to improve the performance of OFDM. The new technique is use the slantlet transform (SLT) instead Fast Fourier transform (FFT) in order to reduce the level of interference. This also will remove the need for Guard interval (GI) in the case of the FFT-OFDM and therefore improve the bandwidth efficiency of the OFDM. The SLT-OFDM is also better than wavelet packet (WP)-OFDM in the selective channel because the slantlet filter bank is less frequency selective than the traditional DWT filter bank, due to the shorter length of the filters and SLT algorithm is faster than WP algorithm. The main results obtained indicate that the performance of SLT-OFDM is better on average by 18dB in comparison with that of FFT-OFDM flat fading channels. For frequency selective fading channel the SLT-OFDM performs is better than the FFT-OFDM on the lower SNR region, while the situation will reverse with increase SNR values

Effects of Temperature in Different Initial Duration Time for Soft Clay Stabilized by Fly Ash Based Geopolymer

When soft clay soils are included in engineering projects, it’s stabilized usually with some kinds of admixtures named as stabilizers. The common stabilizers that highly practiced are OPC, lime, high calcium fly ash (FA), etc. Each one of these stabilizers has its shortcomings. Geopolymers are the product of alkali activated aluminosilicate sources that excelled as an alternative to ordinary binders due to its sustainability, low cost and good mechanical properties. This study investigates the effects of some key elements like liquid over fly ash ratio (Liq/FA), initial duration curing time (D) and its temperature to soil – FA based Geopolymers samples characterized by its unconfined compressive strength testing (UCS), volumetric measurements, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS) and X-Ray diffraction (XRD). The Liq/FA taken as 2.71, 3.167, 3.8 and 4.75 respectively and the duration time taken were 1, 6, 18 and 24 hrs. respectively. The tests results showed that the maximum peak strength gain when Liq/FA is 3.8 at 90 oC with 24 hrs. D. It was observed that Young’s Modulus increased with increasing curing temperature for certain D. Volumetric strain increased by increasing D and its temperature. SEM and XRD analyses confirmed the Geopolymers gels formation for a selective precursor while EDX analyses showed that silicon over aluminium ratio is 1.38 for selective spectrum within the gel to the same mixture.

Dexamethasone for the prevention of neonatal respiratory morbidity before elective cesarean section at term

Background: Respiratory distress syndrome (RDS) is the principal cause of early neonatal morbidity and mortality. Objective: The current study aims to evaluate the effect of dexamethasone administration 48 hours before elective cesarean section (CS) at term on neonatal respiratory morbidity. Methods: The current study was a case-control study conducted between June 2015 and November 2015. Women who attended the labor ward in Sohag University Hospital, Egypt, after 37 weeks of gestation for elective CS were approached for participation. The patients received 2 intramuscular doses of 12 mg dexamethasone 12 hours apart in the 48 hours before CS (N=246). The control group included women who did not receive dexamethasone before CS during the same period of the study (N=275). Results: No significant differences were detected between the study and control groups with regard to age, parity or gestational age at delivery. There was a significantly higher number of neonates with RDS and transient tachypnea in the control group compared to the study group (p=0.001). The rate of neonatal admission to the neonatal care unit (NICU) was significantly lower in the study group (p=0.001). Conclusions: Prophylactic dexamethasone administration before elective CS at term significantly reduces neonatal respiratory morbidity and admission to NICU

Dexamethasone for the prevention of neonatal respiratory morbidity before elective cesarean section at term

Background: Respiratory distress syndrome (RDS) is the principal cause of early neonatal morbidity and mortality. Objective: The current study aims to evaluate the effect of dexamethasone administration 48 hours before elective cesarean section (CS) at term on neonatal respiratory morbidity. Methods: The current study was a case-control study conducted between June 2015 and November 2015. Women who attended the labor ward in Sohag University Hospital, Egypt, after 37 weeks of gestation for elective CS were approached for participation. The patients received 2 intramuscular doses of 12 mg dexamethasone 12 hours apart in the 48 hours before CS (N=246). The control group included women who did not receive dexamethasone before CS during the same period of the study (N=275). Results: No significant differences were detected between the study and control groups with regard to age, parity or gestational age at delivery. There was a significantly higher number of neonates with RDS and transient tachypnea in the control group compared to the study group (p=0.001). The rate of neonatal admission to the neonatal care unit (NICU) was significantly lower in the study group (p=0.001). Conclusions: Prophylactic dexamethasone administration before elective CS at term significantly reduces neonatal respiratory morbidity and admission to NICU

A case of uterine gangrene after termination of second trimester pregnancy complicated by chorioamnionitis

Uterine gangrene is a rare event during pregnancy. Here, we report the case of a 22-year-old patient pregnant in her second trimester presenting with premature rupture of membranes and a low-lying placenta. Hysterotomy was done to evacuate the pregnancy. The procedure was complicated by hemorrhage so bilateral uterine arteries and the left internal iliac artery were ligated to control the bleeding. She continued to run a fever in spite of antibiotics and on the 11th postoperative day, the patient developed signs of septicemia. Abdominal re-exploration was done revealing a gangrenous uterus with signs of peritonitis. Subtotal hysterectomy was done. The patient was discharged from the hospital in good health on the 10th post repeat laparotomy day

Performance assessment of parabolic trough collector (ptc) by using three passes receiver for preheating the fuel oil under Iraq climate for different mass flow rates

An alternative design receiver of parabolic trough collector (PTC) has been discussed in the present study. The three passes design (3p) receiver made from copper and coated with selective black paint was studied and optimized experimentally. Mass flow rates were varied alongside number of days. The proposed design was compared with the PTC equipped with smooth receiver (SM). The aforementioned variations resulted in the experiments performed in September 2018. The 17th, 18th, 19th, and 20th, were chosen for the PTC with smooth receiver, while 25th , 26th, 27th, and 28th were for the receiver with three passes). The solar irradiances for these days were similar. The heat transfer fluid (HTF) was fuel oil. Mass flow rates of 2, 2.5, 3, 3.5 LPM were observed alongside change in number of days for the experiment. The results show that the PTC with three passes receiver achieved higher average thermal efficiency and average useful energy than the PTC with smooth receiver

Suitability of viscosity measurement methods for liquid food variety and applicability in food industry - A review.

Although there are several approaches to measure viscosity of liquid foods in the literature, the successful selected technique depends on the specific product and the functional characteristics that need to be analyzed. Accordingly, it is not an easy task for food technologists to determine the suitable approach to be used. Therefore briefing the existing methods, working principles, advantages, limitations and their successful applications for well known published articles, may enable the researchers to choose the optimum approach. The intensive review revealed that the most commonly used viscosity measurement devices are capillary flow viscometers, orifice type viscometers, falling ball viscometers, and rotational viscometers. Glass capillary viscometers are widely used for measuring low to medium viscosity of Newtonian fluids. In order to measure the viscosity of difficult fluids like those having large particles non-conventional geometries such as mixer viscometry method is used. Tube viscometer method which might be considered as a wide-bore capillary viscometer with a special capability to handle suspensions is currently used to determine rheological behaviour of a product after a thermal treatment. Scraped surface heat exchangers (SSHE) are widely used in food industry for thermal treatment of very viscous food products. Mass detecting capillary viscometer is a new technique to measure the viscosity of milk and soymilk products. In order to measure the viscosity of food stabilizers coaxial viscometers are recommended. Also, possibly the best known of the orifice viscometers in the food industry is the dipping-type Zahn viscometer. Finally, it could be inferred that the viscosity ought to be independent on the instrument, so different instruments will yield the same results, but this is a theoretical concept and different instruments rarely yield identical results

Recurrent spontaneous third-trimester uterine rupture after hysteroscopic resection of myoma: a case report

Uterine rupture is a catastrophic obstetrical emergency with serious effects on both women and fetuses. Operative hysteroscopic procedures can add more risk factor for occurrence of this tragedy. Here, we report a case of spontaneous recurrent rupture uterus at 33 weeks of gestation in a 32 years old woman with previous history of hysteroscopic resection of submucous myoma after development of acute abdomen. Uterine repair of fundal rupture was performed through emergency exploratory laparotomy. Surgeons should explain to their patients the hazards of probable risk of recurrent and multiple uterine rupture in the future pregnancy and to document this discussion in the medical records before proceeding to operative hysteroscopic procedures