Universal L^s -rate-optimality of L^r-optimal quantizers by dilatation and contraction

Let $r, s>0$. For a given probability measure $P$ on $\mathbb{R}^d$, let $(\alpha_n)_{n \geq 1}$ be a sequence of (asymptotically) $L^r(P)$- optimal quantizers. For all $\mu \in \mathbb{R}^d$ and for every $\theta >0$, one defines the sequence $(\alpha_n^{\theta, \mu})_{n \geq 1}$ by : $\forall n \geq 1, \alpha_n^{\theta, \mu} = \mu + \theta(\alpha_n - \mu) = \{\mu + \theta(a- \mu), a \in \alpha_n \}$. In this paper, we are interested in the asymptotics of the $L^s$-quantization error induced by the sequence $(\alpha_n^{\theta, \mu})_{n \geq 1}$. We show that for a wide family of distributions, the sequence $(\alpha_n^{\theta, \mu})_{n \geq 1}$ is $L^s$-rate-optimal. For the Gaussian and the exponential distributions, one shows how to choose the parameter $\theta$ such that $(\alpha_n^{\theta, \mu})_{n \geq 1}$ satisfies the empirical measure theorem and probably be asymptotically $L^s$-optimal.Comment: 26 page

SOLACE: A framework for electronic negotiations

Copyright @ 2011 Walter de Gruyter GmbHMost existing frameworks for electronic negotiations today are tied to specific negotiation systems for which they were developed, preventing them from being applied to other negotiation scenarios. Thus, the evaluation of electronic negotiation systems is difficult as each one is based on a different framework. Additionally, each developer has to design a new framework for any system to be developed, leading to a ‘reinvention of the wheel’. This paper presents SOLACE—a generic framework for multi-issue negotiations, which can be applied to a variety of negotiation scenarios. In contrast with other frameworks for electronic negotiations, SOLACE supports hybrid systems in which the negotiation participants can be humans, agents or a combination of the two. By recognizing the importance of strategies in negotiations and incorporating a time attribute in negotiation proposals, SOLACE enhances existing approaches and provides a foundation for the flexible electronic negotiation systems of the future

Conditional hitting time estimation in a nonlinear filtering model by the Brownian bridge method

The model consists of a signal process $X$ which is a general Brownian diffusion process and an observation process $Y$, also a diffusion process, which is supposed to be correlated to the signal process. We suppose that the process $Y$ is observed from time 0 to $s>0$ at discrete times and aim to estimate, conditionally on these observations, the probability that the non-observed process $X$ crosses a fixed barrier after a given time $t>s$. We formulate this problem as a usual nonlinear filtering problem and use optimal quantization and Monte Carlo simulations techniques to estimate the involved quantities

An application to credit risk of a hybrid Monte Carlo-Optimal quantization method

In this paper we use a hybrid Monte Carlo-Optimal quantization method to approximate the conditional survival probabilities of a firm, given a structural model for its credit defaul, under partial information. We consider the case when the firm's value is a non-observable stochastic process $(V_t)_{t \geq 0}$ and inverstors in the market have access to a process $(S_t)_{t \geq 0}$, whose value at each time t is related to $(V_s, s \leq t)$. We are interested in the computation of the conditional survival probabilities of the firm given the "investor information". As a application, we analyse the shape of the credit spread curve for zero coupon bonds in two examples.credit risk, structural approach, survival probabilities, partial information, filtering, optimal quantization, Monte Carlo method.

The Economics of CO2-EOR Cluster Developments in the UK Central North Sea/ Outer Moray Firth

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Product Markovian quantization of an R^d -valued Euler scheme of a diffusion process with applications to finance

We introduce a new approach to quantize the Euler scheme of an $\mathbb{R}^d$-valued diffusion process. This method is based on a Markovian and componentwise product quantization and allows us, from a numerical point of view, to speak of {\em fast online quantization} in dimension greater than one since the product quantization of the Euler scheme of the diffusion process and its companion weights and transition probabilities may be computed quite instantaneously. We show that the resulting quantization process is a Markov chain, then, we compute the associated companion weights and transition probabilities from (semi-) closed formulas. From the analytical point of view, we show that the induced quantization errors at the $k$-th discretization step $t_k$ is a cumulative of the marginal quantization error up to time $t_k$. Numerical experiments are performed for the pricing of a Basket call option, for the pricing of a European call option in a Heston model and for the approximation of the solution of backward stochastic differential equations to show the performances of the method

Effect of the Partial Replacement of Meat with Some Legumes such as (Chickpeas) on Some of the Chemical and Sensory Characteristics of the Manufactured Burger

Local fresh veal meat of a year-old calf has been used with chickpeas (Cicer arietinum) in burger manufacturing with mixing percentage of (100% veal meat) (T1) with (50% flour of non-boiled chickpeas +50% veal meat) (T2). (50% boiled chickpeas + 50% veal meat) (T3) with, (75% flour of non-boiled chickpeas +25% veal meat) (T4) with (75% Boiled chickpeas+25% veal meat) (T5) and (25% flour non-boiled chickpeas + 25% cooked chickpea +50% veal meat) (T6). The results showed that the moisture content in the processed burger tablets, according to the first treatment where of the highest values recorded as it was (61.86%), while the fourth treatment has recorded the lowest values of (24.14%). The percentage of protein in the treatment, the fourth has recorded the lowest values of (19.25%), whereas the fifth-treatment recorded less values of (9.11. %). The percentage of fat in treatment, the first recorded the highest values of (3.18 %), while the fifth-treatment recorded lower values of (6.82%). The percentage of carbohydrates in the treatment where the fourth recorded the highest values of (42.46%), and the lowest values were the first treatment as it was (zero %).   The results showed that the Ash the second treatment recorded the highest values ​​of (90.2%), while the first treatment recorded the lowest values ​​of (1.10%). Fiber percentage in the treatment, the fourth treatment recorded the highest values ​​of (2.55%), while the first treatment recorded the lowest values of (zero %). The results showed the caloric value in the treatment, the fourth treatment recorded the highest values ​ of (74.328. kilo calories / 100 g), while the fifth-treatment recorded the least values of (181.74 kilo calories / 100 g). Values of the free fatty acids, the first treatment recorded the highest values ​​of (2.02%), while the fifth-treatment recorded lower values ​​of (0.68%). ​PH treatment, the fifth recorded the highest values ​​of (9 0.3), while the first recorded the lowest values of (6.6). The study showed that changes after cooking showed that the method of frying by oil has led to a greater drop in the tablet weight ranged between (28.25% - 13.30 %) while change in the diameter of tablets ranged between (24.17% -91.22 %), and the change in the thickness of the tablets ranged between (85.20% -33.28%). The results of the sensory assessment of the studied qualities have shown tenderness evaluation rate of (7.5) the taste was (7.8) the smell and the flavor were (7.3) texture was (7.4) the juiciness was (8.3) and the general satisfaction was (7.7) out of (9.0) degrees which indicates that the manufactured product has got a good rate for all the studied sensory qualities

Post-harvest technology change in cassava processing: a choice paradigm

Open Access Article; Available online: 27 Jan 2020This study employed a choice model to examine the factors influencing the choice of post-harvest technologies in cassava starch processing, using a sample of five hundred and seventy (570) processors in the forest and guinea savanna zones of Nigeria. In addition, the profitability of various post-harvest technologies in the study area was assessed using the budgetary technique while the impact of improved post-harvest technology on processors’ revenue and output was analysed using the average treatment effect model. Sex of the processor, processing experience, income, and cost of post-harvest technology, the capacity of post-harvest technology and access to credit amongst others significantly influence the choice of post-harvest technologies. Although the use of improved post-harvest technology comes with a high cost, the net income from its use was higher than the other types of post-harvest technologies, suggesting that the use of improved techniques was more beneficial and profitable. In addition, using improved post-harvest technology had a positive and significant effect on output and income. These findings shows that investment in improved post-harvest technologies by cassava starch processors and other stakeholders would increase income, thus, improving welfare