Uji Efek Penyembuhan Luka Sayat Salep Ekstrak Ikan Toman (Channa Micropeltes) Secara Topikal Pada Tikus Yang Diinduksi Streptozotocin

Ikan toman (Channa micropeltes) mengandung protein (albumin) dan asam lemak yang dapat mempercepat proses penyembuhan luka. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui efek penyembuhan luka sayat dari salep ekstrak ikan toman pada tikus hiperglikemia. 16 ekor tikus putih jantan galur Wistar diinduksi dengan streptozotocin secara intra peritoneal. Setelah dinyatakan hiperglikemia, hewan dibagi dalam kelompok dosis 1 (konsentrasi 5%), dosis 2 (konsentrasi 10%), dosis 3 (konsentrasi 20%) dan kontrol negatif. Tikus diberi luka sayat dan diamati selama 15 hari. Luas area luka sayat diukur dengan program Macbiophotonic Image J. Analisis data menggunakan One Way ANOVA dan Post Hoc Test. Hasil analisis menunjukkan bahwa pada hari ke-3 telah terdapat perbedaan yang signifikan (p<0,05) antara kelompok perlakuan dengan kelompok kontrol negatif. Hal ini membuktikan bahwa salep ekstrak ikan toman memiliki efek terhadap penyembuhan luka pada tikus hiperglikemia. Dosis 3 memiliki efek penyembuhan luka tercepat dengan rata-rata persentase 91,62% dibandingkan dengan dosis 1 72,50% , dosis 2 86,66% dan kontrol negatif 54,69% pada hari ke

Assessing vegetable farmer knowledge of diseases and insect pests of vegetable and management practices under tropical conditions

Accepted author version posted online: 22 Jul 2013. Published online: 02 Jun 2014

Colletotrichum circinans and Colletotrichum coccodes can be distinguished by DGGE analysis of PCR-amplified 18S rDNA fragments

The rDNA 18S region of Colletotrichum circinans and C. coccodes was amplified by PCR to evaluate this DNA region as a tool for species delineation. PCR amplification of the 18S of both species produced 1.65 Kb long fragments that covered most of the entire 18S rDNA molecule. DGGE analysis of the amplified fragments distinguished C. circinans from C. coccodes isolates. This result provides molecular evidence that supports the current treatment of C. circinans as a species distinct from C. coccodes, in spite of the failure of previous attempts at genetic differentiation of the two species based on RFLP analysis of the rDNA ITS region. Key Words: DGGE; Colletotrichum circinans; Colletotrichum coccodes; molecular differentiation; species delineation. African Jnl Biotechnology Vol.3(3) 2004: 195-19

Strength correlation between individual block, prism and basic wall panel for load bearing interlocking mortarless hollow block masonry

This paper focuses on the development of the compressive strength correlation between the individual block, prism and basic wall panel for load bearing interlocking hollow mortarless blocks. The interlocking blocks used were developed by the Housing Research Centre at Universiti Putra Malaysia. The blocks consisted of stretcher, corner and half blocks. Forty individual block units from each type were tested under compression. The compressive strengths of 10 prisms assembled by stacking two stretcher blocks and two half blocks were evaluated. In addition, four wall panels each having a dimension of 1.2 × 1.2 m were assembled and tested under axial compressive loads. The results obtained were compared with those found in bonded masonry. BS 5628 Part 1:1992 were used for predicting of the compressive capacity of the bonded masonry. The interlocking mechanism, crack patterns and failure mechanism of the interlocking masonry specimens are highlighted and discussed. The correlations between the compressive strength of the interlocking masonry individual block (fcb), prism (fcp) and standard panel (fcw) found in this analysis were fcp = 0.47fcb, fcw = 0.83fcp and fcw = 0.39fcb. Test results indicate that the interlocking mechanism and strength of the block in the load-bearing wall was satisfactory

Harnessing modern biotechnology for tropical tuber crop improvement: Yam (Dioscorea spp.) molecular breeding

Yams (Dioscorea spp.) constitute a staple food crop for over 100 million people in the humid and subhumid tropics. They are polyploid and vegetatively propagated. The Guinea yams, Dioscorea rotundata and D. cayenensis, are the most important yams in West and Central Africa where they are indigenous, while D. alata (referred to as water yam) is the most widely distributed species globally. The genetics of yams is least understood among the major staple food crops due to several biological constraints and research neglect. Research to unravel the apparent complexity of the yam genome will have far-reaching implications for genetic improvement of this important tuber crop. Some progress has been made in recent years in germplasm characterization and the development of molecular markers for genome analysis. A genetic linkage map based on amplified fragment length polymorphism (AFLP) markers has been constructed for Guinea and water yams. These linkage maps were used to scan the genome for quantitative trait loci (QTL) associated with genes conferring resistance to Yam Mosaic Virus (YMV) in D. rotundata and anthracnose (Colletotrichum gloeosporioides) in D. alata. In addition, candidate random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) markers associated with major genes controlling resistance to YMV and anthracnose have been identified that could be used for selection and pyramiding of YMV and anthracnose resistance genes in yam improvement. Also, molecular markers such as RAPDs, AFLPs, and microsatellites or simple sequence repeats (SSRs) have been developed for yam genome analysis. An initial c-DNA library has been constructed in order to develop expressed sequence tags (ESTs) for gene discovery and as a source of additional molecular markers. This paper will review the advances made, discuss the implications for yam genetic improvement and germplasm conservation, and outline the direction for future research. Key words: Genetic mapping, genome analysis, molecular breeding, PCR-based markers, QTLs, resistance genes, yam. African Journal of Biotechnology Vol. 2 (12), pp. 478-485, December 200

Development of an innovative interlocking load bearing hollow block system in Malaysia

The paper describes the development of a new interlocking hollow block masonry system appropriate for load bearing masonry wall construction. The developed system is an alternative to the traditional bonded masonry system where the blocks in the wall are integrated through mortar layers. In the system developed, the blocks are stacked on one another and three-dimensional interlocking protrusions are provided in the blocks to integrate the blocks into walls. This paper includes the background, concept and procedure used to develop an efficient interlocking hollow block system, which may be used in the construction of load bearing walls. Twenty-one different block models have been investigated and analysed with respect to weight, bearing and shear areas, shape, ease of production, ability to accommodate vertical and horizontal reinforcing stabilising ties and efficiency of the interlocking mechanism under imposed loads. The blocks, developed under the name ‘PUTRA BLOCK’, have been used to construct a single-storey house at Universiti Putra Malaysia. The system provides a fast, easy and an accurate building system

Effect of caffeine -coconut products interactions on induction of microsomal drug-metabolizing enzymes in wistar albino rats

Effect of caffeine-coconut products interactions on induction of drug-metabolizing enzyme in wistar albino rats was studied. Twenty rats were randomly divided into four groups: The control group (1) received via oral route a placebo (4.0ml of distilled water). Groups 2 to 4 were treated for a 14-day period with 50mg/kg body weight of caffeine, 50mg/kg body weight of caffeine and 50mg/kg body weight of coconut water, and 50mg/kg body weight of caffeine and 50mg/kg body weight ofcoconut milk in 4.0ml of the vehicle via gastric intubation respectively. One day after the final exposure, the animals were anaestheticized by inhalation of an overdose of chloroform. The blood of each rat was collected by cardiac puncture while the liver of each rat was harvested and processed to examine several biochemical parameters, ie, total protein and RNA levels, protein/RNA ratios, and activities of alanine and aspartate amino transferase (ALT and AST, respectively). The results showed that while ingestion of coconut milk and coconut water increased the values of protein and protein/RNA ratios, it decreased alanine and aspartate amino transferase (ALT and AST) activities.These effects, in turn, enhanced the induction of the metabolizing enzymes and a resultant faster clearance and elimination of the caffeine from the body, there by reducing the toxic effect on the liver