Economic Feasibility of using by-products in soil stabilization, Saudi Arabia

Composite is stated as constituent of two or more materials which retain their own physical and chemical property during the time of application, but produce a component which inherent the properties of its constituent materials and makes it better for the real time USAge. There are varieties of processing techniques for fabricating composite parts or structures such as: (1) Resin Transfer Moulding, (2) Pultrusion, (3) Filament Winding, (4) Autoclave Moulding. Among all these technique of exercising composite materials, the filament winding technique is the most appropriate because it avails the user with the ease of USAge, as well as gives wide range of degree of freedom for fabricating or manufacturing objects. In the paper we basically reveal the maximum approach made to study basic theory related to the filament winding technique or method, which provides initial platform for the new learner

Acinetobacter baumannii producing ESBLs and carbapenemases in the Intensive Care Units developing fosfomycin and colistin resistance

Acinetobacter baumannii is responsible for causing difficult-to-treat healthcare-associated infections globally, owing to its resistance to antibiotics. The intensive care unit (ICU) settings mediate spread of multidrug resistance (MDR) strains. This research aimed to evaluate non-susceptible colistin and fosfomycin A. baumannii, harboring extended-spectrum beta-lactamases (ESBLs) and carbapenemases in ICU setting. During the period of 2019-2021, this study obtained 200 A. baumanni isolates out of 1410 burns samples from an ICU setting. The antibiotic sensitivity, ESBLs and carbapenemase production were determined using clinical and laboratory standards institute (CLSI) 2020. The colistin (mcr-1 and mcr-2) and fosfomycin (fosA3) resistance genes was amplified. The highest resistance was to ceftazidime (98%), cefepime (86%), tetracycline (84%), levofloxacin (78%) and piperacillin-tazobactam (76%), while the highest sensitivity was to meropenem (63%) and tigecycline (62%). ESBL production was determined in 94% and carbapenemases were observed in 54% of A. baumannii. Four isolates (2%) were found to carry the mcr-1 gene, and three isolates (1.5%) were found to carry the mcr-2 gene. Moreover, the fosA3 was not detected in the isolates. This study showed that MDR A. baumannii was high in ICU settings. The spread of antibiotics considered the last line of defense against infections is a concern that necessitates surveillance and control measures

Anatomical study of the carotid bifurcation and origin variations of the ascending pharyngeal and superior thyroid arteries

Background: Human anatomy texts in current use have very little precise information as to the frequency of variations in the bifurcation of the common carotid artery, and a clear description of the relation between external and internal carotid arteries as well as the variation of the origin of the ascending pharyngeal and superior thyroid arteries is limited. Material and methods: Sixty common carotid arteries in the sagittal section of the head and neck of 30 human adult cadavers were obtained from the Anatomy Department of King Abdulaziz University. The data collected were analysed using the Chi square-test. Results: The carotid bifurcation was at the level of the superior border of the thyroid cartilage in 48.3% of cases, 25% were opposite the hyoid bone, and 18.3% were at the level between the thyroid cartilage and the hyoid bone. The bifurcation appeared at a lower level than the superior border of the thyroid cartilage in 5% of cases, while in 3.3% of cases the bifurcation level was seen higher than the hyoid bone. The usual anteromedial position of the external carotid artery to the internal carotid artery was found in 51.7% of cases, whereas it was medial to the internal carotid artery in 36.7% of cases. In 10% it was seen in an anterior position and only in 1.7% the external carotid artery was lateral to the internal carotid artery. In 93.3% of the cases the ascending pharyngeal artery originated from one root, while in the remaining 6.7% of cases it originated from two roots. In 80% of cases the superior thyroid artery arose from the external carotid artery. In 18.3% of cases it originated from the common carotid artery, and in 1.7% it arose from a thyrolingofacial trunk. Conclusions: The carotid bifurcation can occur as high as the hyoid bone, or as low as the cricoid cartilage. The anteromedial position of the external carotid artery (ECA) in relation to the internal carotid artery (ICA) was the most common anatomical position. The origins and configurations of the ascending pharyngeal artery and the superior thyroid artery are variable. (Folia Morphol 2011; 70, 1: 47-55

Inter-cell interference mitigation using adaptive reduced power subframes in heterogeneous networks

With the remarkable impact and fast growth of the mobile networks, the mobile base stations have been increased too, especially in the high population areas. These base stations will be overloaded by users, for that reason the small cells (like pico cells) were introduced. However, the inter-cell interference will be high in this type of Heterogeneous networks. There are many solutions to mitigate this interference like the inter-cell interference coordination (ICIC), and then the further enhanced ICIC (Fe-ICIC) where the almost blank subframes are used to give priority to the (victim users). But it could be a waste of bandwidth due to the unused subframes. For that reason, in this paper, we proposed an adaptive reduced power subframe that reduces its power ratio according to the user’s signal-to-interference-plus-noise ratio (SINR) in order to get a better throughput and to mitigate the intercell interference. When the user is far from the cell, the case will be considered as an edge user and will get a higher priority to be served first. The results show that the throughput of all users in the macro cells and pico cell will be improved when applying the proposed scheme in term of throughput for the users and the cells

The Approximation of Weighted Hölder Functions by Fourier-Jacobi Polynomials to the Singular Sturm-Liouville Operator

تم مناقشة دوال هولدر المرجحة التي تحقق تقارب متعددات حدود جاكوبي لمعادلة ستورم- ليوفيل المنفردة من الدرجة الثانية. هذا يتوافق مع تحويلات جاكوبي المعممة ومعايير النعومة. يهدف هذا البحث ويركز على تحسين طرق التقريب وإيجاد أفضل تقريب على هذا النوع من الفضاءات عن طريق تحسين معايير النعومة. علاوة على ذلك، يتم النظر في بعض خواص معايير النعومة والقيود العليا والسفلى لدرجة تقريب الدالة.       In this work, a weighted H lder function that approximates a Jacobi polynomial which solves the second order singular Sturm-Liouville equation is discussed. This is generally equivalent to the Jacobean translations and the moduli of smoothness. This paper aims to focus on improving methods of approximation and finding the upper and lower estimates for the degree of approximation in weighted H lder spaces by modifying the modulus of continuity and smoothness. Moreover, some properties for the moduli of smoothness with direct and inverse results are considered

The effectiveness and safety of tubed and tubeless percutaneous nephrolithotomy types in the treatment of preschool-age pediatric kidney stones

The incidence of kidney stones in children has increased in recent years. Unlike adults, the treatment of pediatric kidney stones is more difficult because of the size of the stones and the high risk of recurrence. The present study aimed to evaluate the management of pediatric kidney stones with percutaneous nephrolithotomy in general and with both types of percutaneous nephrolithotomy (PCNL). Methods. This retrospective cross-sectional study was conducted at Al-Safeer Al-Imam Al-Hussein Hospital from November 1, 2019 to October 31, 2021. A total of 90 children with kidney stones were divided into 45 with tubular PCNL and 45 with tubeless PCNL. The children were followed up for at least six months postoperatively.    Results. After PCNL, only 4 children were not stone-free and no injury was noted, whereas sepsis was noted in only one child. Renal status after PCNL was stable renal function in 97.8% of children and improved renal function in 2.2% of children, while no deterioration of renal function was noted. The characteristics of the children, the characteristics of the surgical procedure (except access), and the results of PCNL were not significantly different among the different types of PCNL Conclusion. PCNL in both variants (with and without tubing) is a safe and effective surgical option in the treatment of children with renal stones

Transmission of Disaster Warnings via Control Channels in Cellular Networks, Journal of Telecommunications and Information Technology, 2020, nr 4

According to United Nations reports, natural disasters caused, worldwide, approximately 100,000 deaths and affected 175 million people each year between 2004 and 2013. To reduce those numbers, countries around the globe have made specific arrangements enabling them to warn the population about imminent disasters, in order to evacuate the area in due time. But providing such warnings in areas where no Internet access is available poses a great challenge. In this paper, we proposed a method to transmit early warning messages via UMTS cellular networks, while relying on spare extensions of control channels (FACH). The results obtained are validate based on their comparison with theoretical considerations and are also benchmarked against the 3GPP standard. The results show that messages may be sent faster than with the use of the 3GPP standar

Molecular Diagnosis of Toxoplasmosis in Non Immune Pregnant Females

BACKGROUND AND AIM: Infection with the protozoan parasite Toxoplasma gondii has a worldwide distribution. Congenital infection is the most important part of the disease burden due to Toxoplasma infection in humans. Early diagnosis of maternal infection helps to prevent severe complications of toxoplasmosis. In the present study, three PCR assays (conventional, nested & quantitative) were evaluated for diagnosis of recent toxoplasmosis based on detection of Toxoplasma B1 gene.MATERIAL AND METHODS: The present study was carried out on 150 pregnant females who were serologically negative for anti-Toxoplasma IgG and IgM antibodies.RESULTS: The results revealed that out of 12 true positive cases (by 2 out of the 3 PCR protocols), 8 cases were positive by cPCR, 11 cases were positive by nPCR and 12 cases were positive by qPCR. Accurate estimation of genomic Toxoplasma DNA in positive samples was achieved by qPCR. In general, PCR assays offer a sensitive alternative of serological methods for diagnosis of recent maternal toxoplasmosis. In addition, qPCR decreases the risk of contamination of PCR products being a closed tube method and helps in estimation of infection load.CONCLUSIONS: We recommend screening of high-risk pregnant women by qPCR for early diagnosis of toxoplasmosis and proper management