The Urban Historic District and Traditional Houses in Giresun

DergiPark: 245933trakyafbdDoğu Karadeniz Bölgesi’nde yer alan Giresun, tarih boyunca farklı uygarlıkların egemenliği altında kalmış bir kenttir. Kentin ilk kurulduğu yer kale ve çevresidir. Günümüzde evlerin ve bazı anıtsal yapıların bulunduğu bu bölge “Zeytinlik Mahallesi” sit alanı olarak bilinmektedir. Son dönemlere kadar özgün özelliklerini koruyan alanda, çarpık kentleşmeye bağlı olarak bozulmalar ve yeni yapılaşmaya olanak tanıyan uygulamalar başlamıştır. Yeni uygulamalar alanın tarihi dokusunu bozucu nitelikte olması nedeniyle sorun teşkil etmektedir. Bölgenin koruma imar planının gözden geçirilerek, bütüncül bir yaklaşımla tekrar planlanarak yeniden kullanımına yönelik projelerin üretilmesi gerekmektedir. Bu çalışma kapsamında, Zeytinlik Mahallesi geleneksel evlerin tespitleri ve mimari analizleri yapılmıştır. Sit alanın genel yerleşim özellikleri, evlerin plan ve cephe düzenleri, yapısal detayları ve diğer özelliklerinin analiz sonuçlar sunulmuştur.Giresun is a city located in the Eastern Black Sea region. Historically, was under domination of numerous civilizations. The fortress and its surroundings are areas where the city was originally established. Today, the area with many historic houses and other monuments is known as the “Historic Zeytinlik District”. The authenticity and historic pattern of the area was well preserved until recently. However, uncontrolled urban development, which includes demolishment, has resulted in gradual deterioration of the historic district. The new buildings have caused the problems for the area. Therefore, the existing preservation plan must be reconsidered and replaced by one which incorporates a holistic approach and provides alternate usage for the future. Documentation and hand recording of the traditional houses in the historic Zeytinlik District have been prepared and an examination of this material has been completed as apart of this study. The general lay out plan of historic district, characteristics of the facade and architectural details of the houses were analyzed and presented

FLÖRT İLİŞKİLERİNDE ŞİDDETİN NEDENLERİ: BİR ÖLÇEK UYARLAMA ÇALIŞMASI

ÖZ:Bu çalışmanın amacı flört ilişkilerindeki şiddet nedenlerini çiftlerin öz-bildirimi ile değerlendiren bir ölçeğin Türkçeye uyarlanmasıdır. Bu kapsamda Yakın İlişkilerde Şiddetin Nedenleri Ölçeğinin psikometrik özellikleri incelenmiştir. Çalışmaya yaş ortalaması 22.34 (S =1.80) olan, 157’si kadın 132’si erkek toplam 289 üniversite öğrencisi katılmıştır. Ölçeğin faktör yapısı Açımlayıcı Faktör Analizi ile incelenmiş, iki faktörlü yapı (içe atfedilen nedenler ve dışa atfedilen nedenler) Doğrulayıcı Faktör Analizi ile doğrulanmıştır. Ölçüt bağıntılı geçerliğin incelenmesi için Çiftler Arası Şiddetin Kabulü Ölçeği kullanılmıştır. Güvenirliği test etmek amacıyla ölçeğin Cronbach Alfa güvenirlik katsayıları hesaplanmıştır. Sonuçlar ölçeğin geçerlik ve güvenirliğinin yeterli düzeyde olduğunu göstermiştir. Bununla birlikte çalışmada, kadın ve erkeklerin farklı nedenlerle şiddet gösterdiği bulunmuştur. Şiddetin nedenleri, şiddetin kabulü ve flört şiddeti arasındaki ilişkiler incelenmiştir. Katılımcıların bildirdiği şiddet nedenlerinin oranı arttıkça, şiddetin kabulü ve flört şiddetine maruz bırakma da artmaktadır. Ayrıca içe ve dışa atfedilen şiddet nedenlerinin, şiddetin kabulünün ve bazı flört şiddeti alt boyutlarının cinsiyete göre farklılaştığı bulunmuştur. Çalışma sonuçlarının, yakın ilişkilerde bildirilen şiddet nedenlerinin anlaşılması ve şiddetin önlenmesini hedefleyen çeşitli müdahale alanları için katkı sağlayacağı düşünülmektedir. ABSTRACT:This study aims to adapt a scale that evaluates the causes of violence in dating relationships with the couple's self-report. In this context, the psychometric properties of the Reasons for Intimate Partner Violence Scale were examined. A total of 289 university students, 157 female and 132 male, with an average age of 22.34 (SD = 1.80) participated in the study. The scale's factor structure was examined by exploratory factor analysis, and the two-factor structure (internalized and externalized reasons) was confirmed by confirmatory factor analysis. Acceptance of Couples Violence Scale was used for criterion-related validity. The scale's Cronbach Alpha reliability coefficients were calculated to determine internal consistency. The results showed that the validity and reliability of the scale were sufficient. However, it was found that men and women show violence for different reasons in the study The relationships between causes of violence, acceptance of violence, and dating violence are also examined. As the rate of reasons for violence shown in close relationships increases, acceptance of violence and exposure to dating violence also increases. Also, it was found that internalized causes of violence, externalized causes of violence, acceptance of violence, and some dating violence sub-dimensions differ by gender. It is thought that the study's results will contribute to understanding the reasons for violence reported by an intimate partner and for valuable areas of intervention aimed at preventing dating violence

Analysis of diclofenac in water samples using in situ derivatization-vortex-assisted liquid-liquid microextraction with gas chromatography-mass spectrometry

A novel micro-extraction technique for a rapid and sensitive analysis of diclofenac (DCF) in water samples has been developed. DCF was derivatized and extracted simultaneously using vortex-assisted liquid-liquid micro-extraction (VALLME) prior to gas chromatography with mass spectrometry detection. The effects of extraction solvent volume, extraction and derivatization time and ionic strength of the sample were studied using 23 factorial experimental design. The optimum extraction conditions were as follows: 200 µL of chloroform, 25 µL of N-methyl-N-trimethylsilyl-trifluoroacetamide (MSTFA) derivatization reagent, vortex extraction and derivatization time 5 min at 3000 rpm. The extraction recovery for different fortification levels was 98 %. Also, the proposed micro-extraction method exhibited results comparable with the solid phase extraction of real water samples. The proposed one-step VALLME and derivatization method is simpler and faster than the conventional extraction and derivatization methods used for the determination of DCF in real water samples

Impact of opioid-free analgesia on pain severity and patient satisfaction after discharge from surgery: multispecialty, prospective cohort study in 25 countries

Background: Balancing opioid stewardship and the need for adequate analgesia following discharge after surgery is challenging. This study aimed to compare the outcomes for patients discharged with opioid versus opioid-free analgesia after common surgical procedures.Methods: This international, multicentre, prospective cohort study collected data from patients undergoing common acute and elective general surgical, urological, gynaecological, and orthopaedic procedures. The primary outcomes were patient-reported time in severe pain measured on a numerical analogue scale from 0 to 100% and patient-reported satisfaction with pain relief during the first week following discharge. Data were collected by in-hospital chart review and patient telephone interview 1 week after discharge.Results: The study recruited 4273 patients from 144 centres in 25 countries; 1311 patients (30.7%) were prescribed opioid analgesia at discharge. Patients reported being in severe pain for 10 (i.q.r. 1-30)% of the first week after discharge and rated satisfaction with analgesia as 90 (i.q.r. 80-100) of 100. After adjustment for confounders, opioid analgesia on discharge was independently associated with increased pain severity (risk ratio 1.52, 95% c.i. 1.31 to 1.76; P < 0.001) and re-presentation to healthcare providers owing to side-effects of medication (OR 2.38, 95% c.i. 1.36 to 4.17; P = 0.004), but not with satisfaction with analgesia (beta coefficient 0.92, 95% c.i. -1.52 to 3.36; P = 0.468) compared with opioid-free analgesia. Although opioid prescribing varied greatly between high-income and low- and middle-income countries, patient-reported outcomes did not.Conclusion: Opioid analgesia prescription on surgical discharge is associated with a higher risk of re-presentation owing to side-effects of medication and increased patient-reported pain, but not with changes in patient-reported satisfaction. Opioid-free discharge analgesia should be adopted routinely

Abstracts from the 20th International Symposium on Signal Transduction at the Blood-Brain Barriers

https://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/138963/1/12987_2017_Article_71.pd

The Determination of Nursing Care Practices Concerning Deep Tissue Injury and Stage 1 Pressure Ulcer

Arastırma, hemsirelerin Derin Doku Hasarı ve 1. Evre basınç ülserlerinin bakımına iliskin uygulamalarının belirlenmesi amacıyla tanımlayıcı olarak yapılmıstır. Arastırma, Ankara Büyüksehir Belediyesi sınırları içerisinde yer alan ikisi Saglık Bakanlıgı’na, biri Üniversiteye baglı üç ayrı hastanede, BÜ gelisme riski yüksek olan Nöroloji, Ortopedi ve FTR servisleri ile Yogun Bakım Ünitelerinde yapılmıstır. Arastırmada örneklem seçimine gidilmemis, arastırma 243 hemsire üzerinde yapılmıstır. Veriler uzman görüsü alınarak arastırmacı tarafından olusturulan “Hemsirelerin Derin Doku Hasarı ve 1. Evre Basınç Ülserlerinin Bakımına iliskin Uygulamalarının Belirlenmesine Yönelik Veri Toplama Formu” kullanılarak toplanmıstır. Arastırmaya katılmayı kabul eden hemsirelere veri toplama formu verilerek arastırmacının gözetiminde doldurmaları saglanmıstır. Veri toplama formu iki bölümden olusmaktadır. Birinci bölümde hemsirelerin tanıtıcı özelliklerini içeren 14 soru, ikinci bölümde ise 8 vaka örnegi ve her vakaya iliskin 3 soru olmak üzere toplam 24 soru yer almaktadır. Verilerin kodlama ve degerlendirme islemleri SPSS 15.0 programı kullanılarak yapılmıstır. Verilerin degerlendirilmesinde Anova, t77 Testi, Kruskal Wallis H Testi, Mann Whitney U Testi, Tukey HSD, Ki-Kare testleri, sayı ve yüzdelik hesapları kullanılmıstır Arastırmada, hemsirelerin sorulara verdikleri dogru cevapların puan ortalaması 100 üzerinden X = 48.85 ± 11.99’dur. Hemsirelerin testten aldıkları dogru cevap puan ortalamaları ile çalıstıkları hastaneler, en son tamamladıkları hemsirelik programı, daha önce BÜ’ lü hastaların yattıgı bir serviste çalısma durumları ve mezuniyetten sonra egitime katılma durumları arasında anlamlı bir farklılık saptanmıstır. Arastırmadan elde edilen sonuçlar dogrultusunda önerilerde bulunulmustur.The purpose of this descriptive study was to determine the nursing care practices concerning deep tissue injury and stage 1 pressure ulcer. The study was conducted in places that have patients with high risk of developing pressure ulcer such as neurology, orthopedics, physio-theraphy, rehabilitation and intensive care units of the three hospitals, two of them are state hospitals and the other is a university hospital located in Ankara. The sample was consisted of 243 nurses. No sampling method was used and participation was voluntary. Data gathered by using questionnaire form entitled “The Questionnaire for the Identification of Nursing Care Practices Concerning Deep Tissue Injury and Stage 1 Pressure Ulcer” which was developed by the opinions of specialist. The questionnaire was provided to the nurses , who accepted to be in the study, and were filled under the supervision of the researcher. The questionnaire was consisted of two parts. 14 questions related to demographic information of the participants were included in the first part, The second part with 24 questions included 8 cases and 3 questions for each cases. The analysis of the data were done by using SPSS 15.0 software. The statistical tests were ANOVA, t-test, Kruskal Wallis H Test, Mann Whitney U Test, Tukey HSD, and Chi-square test, number and percentage. The mean score of the correct answers was X = 48.85 ± 11.99 out of 100. Significant differences were found between the scores of correct answers taken and for the variables such as the hospital where the nurse works, the latest nursing program she was in, whether she previously worked in a service where patients with pressure ulcer were treated, and participation in in-service training activities. Recommendations were made according to the results of the study. Key Words: Pressure ulcers, DTI, stage 1 pressure ulcer, prevention, treatment, nursing care