Fuzzy gravity approach for determinants of exports

Purpose: The present study proposes the fuzzy gravity model approach to examine the main factors that affect the export volume of Turkey and whether the European Union Customs Union (EUCU) membership affected the export of it. Design/Methodology/Approach: A fuzzy approach was developed for the gravity model by using these variables. The dependent variable was the export volume of Turkey to 204 countries throughout the whole world, and the explanatory variables were the gross domestic product (GDP) of the countries that are subject to export and their distances to Turkey (dij), populations, whether the seaway transport was possible, and the membership to the EUCU. The last two items were added as dummy variables in the model. Findings: The results showed that gross domestic product (GDP) of the country which Turkey exports to, its being a member of the EUCU, and its population affected the export volume of Turkey positively. However, the distance of the target country to Turkey had a negative effect. The coefficient of distance variable was found to be negative fuzzy and ones of the seaway was fully fuzzy. However, when seaway variable was taken together with distance, it was positive fuzzy, which showed the positive effect of the opportunity of transportation by sea in long distances on export volume. Practical Implications: It is thought that the policies to be established based on these findings will be beneficial in improving the country's exports. Other available fuzzy regression approaches may be tried in future studies to obtain a fuzzy model. In addition, the import or foreign trade structure of Turkey may be dealt with the same approach. Originality/Value: In this study the fuzzy gravity model approach was used as a novelty, which was different from the methods in the literature, because the gravity model is criticized sometimes that its theoretical basis is weak and the relations between dependent variables and explanatory variables are not adequately clear.peer-reviewe

Grasping the Social through Movies

Cataloged from PDF version of article.In Turkey, one of the major challenges that university education faces is the indifference of young people towards social issues. The aim of this article is to contribute to the practice of critical pedagogy by proposing that showing movies is an important critical teaching method with the power both to give pleasure to the students and to develop their interest in crucial social issues. To support our argument, we showed three movies to students taking Sociology and Social Psychology courses in three successive academic terms on the topics 'the death penalty', 'gender equality' and 'prejudice'. Analysing the essays which the students were asked to write on these movies, we observed growing interest and an increase in critical thinking on the issues in question. We then conducted a survey to test this change quantitatively. The results indicate that showing movies is very influential in helping students to develop an interest and critical perspective. ©2011 Taylor & Francis

Magnetic Field resulting from non-linear electrical transport in single crystals of charge-ordered Pr0.63_{0.63} Ca0.37_{0.37} MnO3_{3}}

In this letter we report that the current induced destabilization of the charge ordered (CO) state in a rare-earth manganite gives rise to regions with ferromagnetic correlation. We did this experiment by measurement of the I-V curves in single crystal of the CO system Pr$_{0.63}$Ca$_{0.37}$MnO$_{3}$ and simultanously measuring the magnetization of the current carrying conductor using a high T$_c$ SQUID working at T = 77K. We have found that the current induced destabilization of the CO state leads to a regime of negative differential resistance which leads to a small enhancement of the magnetization of the sample, indicating ferromagnetically aligned moments.Comment: 4 pages LateX, 4 eps figure

Non-linear electrical conduction and broadband noise in charge-ordered rare earth manganate Nd_0.5Ca_0.5MnO_3

Measurements of the dc transport properties and the low-frequency conductivity noise in films of charge ordered Nd_0.5Ca_0.5MnO_3 grown on Si subtrate reveal the existence of a threshold field in the charge ordered regime beyond which strong non linear conduction sets in along with a large broad band conductivity noise. Threshold-dependent conduction disappears as T -> T_{CO}, the charge ordering temperature. This observation suggests that the charge ordered state gets depinned at the onset of the non-linear conduction.Comment: 3 pages of two-column text and 4 eps figure

A simulation-based comparative analysis of PID and LQG control for closed-loop anesthesia delivery

Closed loop anesthesia delivery (CLAD) systems can help anesthesiologists efficiently achieve and maintain desired anesthetic depth over an extended period of time. A typical CLAD system would use an anesthetic marker, calculated from physiological signals, as real-time feedback to adjust anesthetic dosage towards achieving a desired set-point of the marker. Since control strategies for CLAD vary across the systems reported in recent literature, a comparative analysis of common control strategies can be useful. For a nonlinear plant model based on well-established models of compartmental pharmacokinetics and sigmoid-Emax pharmacodynamics, we numerically analyze the set-point tracking performance of three output-feedback linear control strategies: proportional-integral-derivative (PID) control, linear quadratic Gaussian (LQG) control, and an LQG with integral action (ILQG). Specifically, we numerically simulate multiple CLAD sessions for the scenario where the plant model parameters are unavailable for a patient and the controller is designed based on a nominal model and controller gains are held constant throughout a session. Based on the numerical analyses performed here, conditioned on our choice of model and controllers, we infer that in terms of accuracy and bias PID control performs better than ILQG which in turn performs better than LQG. In the case of noisy observations, ILQG can be tuned to provide a smoother infusion rate while achieving comparable steady-state response with respect to PID. The numerical analyses framework and findings, reported here, can help CLAD developers in their choice of control strategies. This paper may also serve as a tutorial paper for teaching control theory for CLAD.Comment: Accepted in the IFAC2020 Conferenc

Kinematic landslide monitoring with Kalman filtering

International audienceLandslides are serious geologic disasters that threat human life and property in every country. In addition, landslides are one of the most important natural phenomena, which directly or indirectly affect countries' economy. Turkey is also the country that is under the threat of landslides. Landslides frequently occur in all of the Black Sea region as well as in many parts of Marmara, East Anatolia, and Mediterranean regions. Since these landslides resulted in destruction, they are ranked as the second important natural phenomenon that comes after earthquake in Turkey. In recent years several landslides happened after heavy rains and the resulting floods. This makes the landslide monitoring and mitigation techniques an important study subject for the related professional disciplines in Turkey. The investigations on surface deformations are conducted to define the boundaries of the landslide, size, level of activity and direction(s) of the movement, and to determine individual moving blocks of the main slide. This study focuses on the use of a kinematic deformation analysis based on Kalman Filtering at a landslide area near Istanbul. Kinematic deformation analysis has been applied in a landslide area, which is located to the north of Istanbul city. Positional data were collected using GPS technique. As part of the study, conventional static deformation analysis methodology has also been applied on the same data. The results and comparisons are discussed in this paper

Deformation analysis with Total Least Squares

Deformation analysis is one of the main research fields in geodesy. Deformation analysis process comprises measurement and analysis phases. Measurements can be collected using several techniques. The output of the evaluation of the measurements is mainly point positions. In the deformation analysis phase, the coordinate changes in the point positions are investigated. Several models or approaches can be employed for the analysis. One approach is based on a Helmert or similarity coordinate transformation where the displacements and the respective covariance matrix are transformed into a unique datum. Traditionally a Least Squares (LS) technique is used for the transformation procedure. Another approach that could be introduced as an alternative methodology is the Total Least Squares (TLS) that is considerably a new approach in geodetic applications. In this study, in order to determine point displacements, 3-D coordinate transformations based on the Helmert transformation model were carried out individually by the Least Squares (LS) and the Total Least Squares (TLS), respectively. The data used in this study was collected by GPS technique in a landslide area located nearby Istanbul. The results obtained from these two approaches have been compared

Grasping the social through movies

In Turkey, one of the major challenges that university education faces is the indifference of young people towards social issues. The aim of this article is to contribute to the practice of critical pedagogy by proposing that showing movies is an important critical teaching method with the power both to give pleasure to the students and to develop their interest in crucial social issues. To support our argument, we showed three movies to students taking Sociology and Social Psychology courses in three successive academic terms on the topics 'the death penalty', 'gender equality' and 'prejudice'. Analysing the essays which the students were asked to write on these movies, we observed growing interest and an increase in critical thinking on the issues in question. We then conducted a survey to test this change quantitatively. The results indicate that showing movies is very influential in helping students to develop an interest and critical perspective. ©2011 Taylor & Francis