Grasping the Social through Movies

Cataloged from PDF version of article.In Turkey, one of the major challenges that university education faces is the indifference of young people towards social issues. The aim of this article is to contribute to the practice of critical pedagogy by proposing that showing movies is an important critical teaching method with the power both to give pleasure to the students and to develop their interest in crucial social issues. To support our argument, we showed three movies to students taking Sociology and Social Psychology courses in three successive academic terms on the topics 'the death penalty', 'gender equality' and 'prejudice'. Analysing the essays which the students were asked to write on these movies, we observed growing interest and an increase in critical thinking on the issues in question. We then conducted a survey to test this change quantitatively. The results indicate that showing movies is very influential in helping students to develop an interest and critical perspective. ©2011 Taylor & Francis

Using coupled micropillar compression and micro-Laue diffraction to investigate deformation mechanisms in a complex metallic alloy Al13Co4

In this investigation, we have used in-situ micro-Laue diffraction combined with micropillar compression of focused ion beam milled Al13Co4 complex metallic alloy to study the evolution of deformation in Al13Co4. Streaking of the Laue spots showed that the onset of plastic flow occured at stresses as low as 0.8 GPa, although macroscopic yield only becomes apparent at 2 GPa. The measured misorientations, obtained from peak splitting, enabled the geometrically necessary dislocation density to be estimated as 1.1 x 1013 m-2

Borane-ctalyzed stereoselective C–H insertion, cyclopropanation, and ring-opening reactions

Lewis acidic boranes have been shown to be effective metal-free catalysts for highly selective reactions of donor-acceptor diazo compounds to a range of substrates. The reactions of α-aryl α-diazoesters with nitrogen heterocycles indole or pyrrole selectively generate C3 and C2 C–H insertion products, respectively, in good to excellent yields even when using unprotected indoles. Alternatively, benzofuran, indene, and alkene substrates give exclusively cyclopropanated products with α-aryl α-diazoesters, whereas the reactions with furans lead to ring-opening. Comprehensive theoretical calculations have been used to explain the differing reactivities and high selectivities of these reactions. Overall, this work demonstrates the selective metal-free catalytic reactions of α-aryl α-diazoesters with (hetero)cycles and alkenes. This simple, mild reaction protocol represents an alternative to the commonly used precious metal systems and may provide future applications in the generation of biologically active compounds

Lesion covariance networks reveal proposed origins and pathways of diffuse gliomas.

Diffuse gliomas have been hypothesized to originate from neural stem cells in the subventricular zone and develop along previously healthy brain networks. Here, we evaluated these hypotheses by mapping independent sources of glioma localization and determining their relationships with neurogenic niches, genetic markers and large-scale connectivity networks. By applying independent component analysis to lesion data from 242 adult patients with high- and low-grade glioma, we identified three lesion covariance networks, which reflect clusters of frequent glioma localization. Replicability of the lesion covariance networks was assessed in an independent sample of 168 glioma patients. We related the lesion covariance networks to important clinical variables, including tumour grade and patient survival, as well as genomic information such as molecular genetic subtype and bulk transcriptomic profiles. Finally, we systematically cross-correlated the lesion covariance networks with structural and functional connectivity networks derived from neuroimaging data of over 4000 healthy UK BioBank participants to uncover intrinsic brain networks that may that underlie tumour development. The three lesion covariance networks overlapped with the anterior, posterior and inferior horns of the lateral ventricles respectively, extending into the frontal, parietal and temporal cortices. These locations were independently replicated. The first lesion covariance network, which overlapped with the anterior horn, was associated with low-grade, isocitrate dehydrogenase -mutated/1p19q-codeleted tumours, as well as a neural transcriptomic signature and improved overall survival. Each lesion covariance network significantly coincided with multiple structural and functional connectivity networks, with the first bearing an especially strong relationship with brain connectivity, consistent with its neural transcriptomic profile. Finally, we identified subcortical, periventricular structures with functional connectivity patterns to the cortex that significantly matched each lesion covariance network. In conclusion, we demonstrated replicable patterns of glioma localization with clinical relevance and spatial correspondence with large-scale functional and structural connectivity networks. These results are consistent with prior reports of glioma growth along white matter pathways, as well as evidence for the coordination of glioma stem cell proliferation by neuronal activity. Our findings describe how the locations of gliomas relate to their proposed subventricular origins, suggesting a model wherein periventricular brain connectivity guides tumour development

Lesion covariance networks reveal proposed origins and pathways of diffuse gliomas.

Diffuse gliomas have been hypothesized to originate from neural stem cells in the subventricular zone and develop along previously healthy brain networks. Here, we evaluated these hypotheses by mapping independent sources of glioma localization and determining their relationships with neurogenic niches, genetic markers and large-scale connectivity networks. By applying independent component analysis to lesion data from 242 adult patients with high- and low-grade glioma, we identified three lesion covariance networks, which reflect clusters of frequent glioma localization. Replicability of the lesion covariance networks was assessed in an independent sample of 168 glioma patients. We related the lesion covariance networks to important clinical variables, including tumour grade and patient survival, as well as genomic information such as molecular genetic subtype and bulk transcriptomic profiles. Finally, we systematically cross-correlated the lesion covariance networks with structural and functional connectivity networks derived from neuroimaging data of over 4000 healthy UK BioBank participants to uncover intrinsic brain networks that may that underlie tumour development. The three lesion covariance networks overlapped with the anterior, posterior and inferior horns of the lateral ventricles respectively, extending into the frontal, parietal and temporal cortices. These locations were independently replicated. The first lesion covariance network, which overlapped with the anterior horn, was associated with low-grade, isocitrate dehydrogenase -mutated/1p19q-codeleted tumours, as well as a neural transcriptomic signature and improved overall survival. Each lesion covariance network significantly coincided with multiple structural and functional connectivity networks, with the first bearing an especially strong relationship with brain connectivity, consistent with its neural transcriptomic profile. Finally, we identified subcortical, periventricular structures with functional connectivity patterns to the cortex that significantly matched each lesion covariance network. In conclusion, we demonstrated replicable patterns of glioma localization with clinical relevance and spatial correspondence with large-scale functional and structural connectivity networks. These results are consistent with prior reports of glioma growth along white matter pathways, as well as evidence for the coordination of glioma stem cell proliferation by neuronal activity. Our findings describe how the locations of gliomas relate to their proposed subventricular origins, suggesting a model wherein periventricular brain connectivity guides tumour development

Cosmology with the Einstein Telescope: No Slip Gravity Model and Redshift Specifications

The Einstein Telescope and other third generation interferometric detectors of gravitational waves are projected to be operational post $2030$. The cosmological signatures of gravitational waves would undoubtedly shed light on any departure from the current gravitational framework. We here confront a specific modified gravity model, the No Slip Gravity model, with forecast observations of gravitational waves. We compare the predicted constraints on the dark energy equation of state parameters $w_0^{}-w_a^{}$, between the modified gravity model and that of Einstein gravity. We show that the No Slip Gravity model mimics closely the constraints from the standard gravitational theory, and that the cosmological constraints are very similar. The use of spectroscopic redshifts, especially in the low--redshift regime, lead to significant improvements in the inferred parameter constraints. We test how well such a prospective gravitational wave dataset would function at testing such models, and find that there are significant degeneracies between the modified gravity model parameters, and the cosmological parameters that determine the distance, due to the gravitational wave dimming effect of the modified theory.Comment: 15 pages, 11 figure

Stability of Non-asymptotically flat thin-shell wormholes in generalized dilaton-axion gravity

We construct a new type of thin-shell wormhole for non-asymptotically flat charged black holes in generalized dilaton-axion gravity inspired by low-energy string theory using cut-and-paste technique. We have shown that this thin shell wormhole is stable. The most striking feature of our model is that the total amount of exotic matter needed to support the wormhole can be reduced as desired with the suitable choice of the value of a parameter. Various other aspects of thin-shell wormhole are also analyzed.Comment: 15 pages and 11 figures. Minor revisions have been done. Accepted in Int.J.Theor.Phy

Tris(pentafluorphenyl)boran-katalysierte Erzeugung von Carbenium-Ionen und autokatalytische Pyrazol-Synthese – eine theoretische und experimentelle Studie

In den letzten Jahren hat sich die metallfreie organische Synthese unter Verwendung von Triarylboranen als Katalysatoren zu einem weit verbreiteten Forschungsgebiet entwickelt. Hier berichten wir über eine umfassende theoretische und experimentelle Studie für die hochselektive Synthese von N-substituierten Pyrazolen durch die Erzeugung von Carbenium-Ionen aus der Reaktion zwischen Arylestern und Vinyldiazoacetaten in Gegenwart von katalytischem Tris(pentafluorphenyl)boran [B(C6F5)3]. DFT-Studien zum Reaktionsmechanismus zeigen, dass die In-situ-Generierung einer Carbenium-Spezies als Autokatalysator fungiert, welcher die regiospezifische Bildung von N-substituierten Pyrazolen in guter bis hervorragender Ausbeute (bis zu 81 %) auslöst