Shear Strength of Reinforced Concrete Shear Walls under Eccentric Tensile Axial Force

Six reinforced concrete shear wall models were built and tested to investigate effects of cyclic lateral loading and an eccentric tensile axial force on their shear strength behavior. The following are confirmed from this test result. When the elongation at the bottom of the boundary column on the compression side for a lateral force is small, the shear strength of shear walls subjected to a tensile axial force at the boundary column can be evaluated by conventional shear strenght equations, regardless of cycilc lateral loading and the eccentric tensile axial force. However when this elongation of the boundary column increases, the test maximum value is much lower than the value calculated from conventional equations

Strength Behavior of High Strength R/C Columns under Biaxial Bending-Shear and Varying Axial Load

Twelve short square R/C columns using high-strength concrete were tested to examine the effects of biaxial bending-shear force and varying axial load on the shear and flexural strength behavior. The columns were cyclically deflected either along their transverse principal axis to produce uniaxial bending-shear or along their diagonal to produce biaxial bending-shear. For columns failing in flexure, the experimental results were found to be in close agreement with the computed values given by the AIJ Code, regardless of the differences of concrete strength, biaxial bending-shear and varying axial load. For short columns subjected to low compressive or tensile axial stress, the computed ultimate shear strengths by the 1988 AIJ Design Equation overestimated the test results. The shear test results were in best agreement with the computed values by the "Kuramoto-Minami\u27s Ultimate Shear Design Equation" proposed in 1990

Shear Behavior of Reinforced Concrete Shear Walls under Tensile Axial Force with Eccentricity

A lateral loading test of six reinforced concrete shear walls subjected to an eccentric tensile axial force was carried out to examine their shear behavior. Next facts ware confirmed on the shear strength of the walls subjected to an eccentric tensile axial force. The test results can be evaluat by the shear strength equation [2] considering axial tensile stress. The calculated values given by the (AIJ "Design Guidelines for Earthquake Resistant Reinforced Concrete Buildings Based on Inelastic Displacement Concept") equation [3] are a little lower than the test results

Myeloid conditioning with c-kit-targeted CAR-T cells enables donor stem cell engraftment

We report a novel approach to bone marrow (BM) conditioning using c-kit-targeted chimeric antigen receptor T (c-kit CAR-T) cells in mice. Previous reports using anti-c-kit or anti-CD45 antibody linked to a toxin such as saporin have been promising. We developed a distinctly different approach using c-kit CAR-T cells. Initial studies demonstrated in vitro killing of hematopoietic stem cells by c-kit CAR-T cells but poor expansion in vivo and poor migration of CAR-T cells into BM. Pre-treatment of recipient mice with low-dose cyclophosphamide (125 mg/kg) together with CXCR4 transduction in the CAR-T cells enhanced trafficking to and expansion in BM (\u3c1%-13.1%). This resulted in significant depletion of the BM c-ki

Shear Resisting Behavior of Short Reinforced Concrete Columns under Biaxial Bending-Shear and Varying Axial Load

The effect of biaxial bending-shear force reversals and varying axial load on the shear resisting behavior of short reinforced concrete columns was experimentally investigated. The short columns with square section were cyclically deflected along their principal axes and their diagonals to produce biaxial bending-shear under uniaxial loadings. The results from 10 tests were considered. It was concluded that the shear strength of short columns under varying axial load could be estimated using existing existing empirical formulae and, in case of high axial stress, the shear strength of column loaded diagonally was 5~6 % lower than that of the column loaded along the principal axis

Decreased serum phosphate levels are a useful biomarker to predict occurrence and severity of cytokine release syndrome in chimeric antigen receptor T-cell therapy

サイトカイン放出症候群の発症と重症化を予見する新たな指標 --キメラ抗原受容体T細胞療法における血清リン値が鍵--. 京都大学プレスリリース. 2022-10-19

Adverse effect of donor-specific anti-human leukocyte antigen (HLA) antibodies directed at HLA-DP/-DQ on engraftment in cord blood transplantation

[Background aims] While donor-specific anti-human leukocyte antigen (HLA) antibodies (DSAs) in the recipient before transplantation are associated with graft failure in cord-blood transplantation (CBT), effects of DSAs other than against HLA-A, -B or -DRB1 on transplantation outcomes remained poorly understood. [Methods] We retrospectively analyzed 567 single-unit CBT recipients to evaluate impact of DSAs against HLA-DP and -DQ on CBT outcomes. [Results] Among 143 recipients (25.2%) who had anti-HLA antibodies, nine harbored DSAs against HLA-DP or -DQ. DSAs against HLA-DP or -DQ were associated with a significantly lower neutrophil engraftment rate (55.6% versus 91.8%, P = 0.032) and with a marginally lower platelet engraftment rate (46.7% versus 75.3%, P = 0.128) at day 100 after transplantation, compared with patients without anti-HLA antibodies. Time to neutrophil and platelet engraftment in patients with DSAs for HLA-DP or -DQ was significantly longer than that in patients without anti-HLA antibodies (median, 25 versus 21 days, P = 0.002 in neutrophil; median 61 versus 46 days, P = 0.014 in platelet). Cumulative incidence of bacterial infection at day 100 was significantly greater (88.9% versus 57.1%, P = 0.024), and re-transplant-free survival was marginally lower (55.6% versus 76.8%, P = 0.132) in patients with DSAs against HLA-DP or -DQ, compared with those without anti-HLA antibodies. These findings suggest that DSAs against HLA-DP or -DQ lead to unfavorable engraftment, which may increase risk of bacterial infection, and reduce survival soon after CBT. [Conclusions] Our results suggest the importance of evaluating DSAs against HLA-DP and -DQ in recipients before selecting CB units

T-cell counts in peripheral blood at leukapheresis predict responses to subsequent CAR-T cell therapy

CAR-T細胞の「原料の質」が治療効果と相関 --細胞採取時のリンパ球数がCAR-T細胞の体内での増殖と治療効果を予測する--. 京都大学プレスリリース. 2022-11-22.Prediction of responses to chimeric antigen receptor (CAR)-T cell therapies is essential to maximize their therapeutic efficacy for diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL). While several tumor-intrinsic risk factors of resistance and/or early relapse have been identified, clinically useful markers that determine potential activity of CAR-T cells have not been fully investigated. T-cell property at the time of leukapheresis may serve as such a marker. Therefore, we evaluated the clinical impact of CD3⁺ cell count in peripheral blood at leukapheresis on clinical outcomes of CAR-T cell therapy. In total, 44 patients with relapsed or refractory (r/r) DLBCL who received tisagenlecleucel at Kyoto University Hospital were included. According to CD3⁺ cell counts, patients were categorized into CD3[LOW] and CD3[HIGH] groups with a threshold of 553/μL, based on receiver operating characteristic curve analysis. 1-year progression-free survival was significantly higher in the CD3[HIGH] group than the CD3[LOW] group (68.3% vs. 17.3%; adjusted hazard ratio [aHR], 0.37; p = 0.042). Overall survival was also superior in the CD3[HIGH] group (aHR, 0.24; p = 0.043). Moreover, higher CD3⁺ cell counts at leukapheresis were associated with significantly higher lymphocyte counts in peripheral blood at day 7 after CAR-T cell infusion (median 860 vs. 420/μL, P = 0.021), suggesting more extensive expansion of infused CAR-T cells in vivo. In conclusion, we demonstrated that the CD3⁺ cell count at leukapheresis predicts both expansion of CAR-T cells after infusion and outcomes of CAR-T cell therapy, and are useful for building comprehensive therapeutic strategies at the time of leukapheresis