18 research outputs found
Reduced effect of impurities on the universal pairing scale in the cuprates
We consider the effect of non-magnetic impurities on the onset temperature
for the wave pairing in spin-fluctuation scenario for the cuprates.
We analyze intermediate coupling regime when the magnetic correlation length
and the dimensionless coupling is O(1). In the clean limit, in this parameter range, and weakly depends on and
. We found numerically that this universal pairing scale is also quite
robust with respect to impurities: the scattering rate needed to
bring down to zero is about 4 times larger than in weak coupling, in good
quantitative agreement with experiments. We provide analytical reasoning for
this result.Comment: 4 pages, 2 fig, submitted to PR
Genome-wide map of human and mouse transcription factor binding sites aggregated from ChIP-Seq data
A Comparison of Experimental and Analytical Procedures to Measure Passive Drag in Human Swimming
High throughput screening identifies SOX2 as a super pioneer factor that inhibits DNA methylation maintenance at its binding sites
Negative selection in tumor genome evolution acts on essential cellular functions and the immunopeptidome
Background: Natural selection shapes cancer genomes. Previous studies used signatures of positive selection to identify genes driving malignant transformation. However, the contribution of negative selection against somatic mutations that affect essential tumor functions or specific domains remains a controversial topic. Results: Here, we analyze 7546 individual exomes from 26 tumor types from TCGA data to explore the portion of the cancer exome under negative selection. Although we find most of the genes neutrally evolving in a pan-cancer framework, we identify essential cancer genes and immune-exposed protein regions under significant negative selection. Moreover, our simulations suggest that the amount of negative selection is underestimated. We therefore choose an empirical approach to identify genes, functions, and protein regions under negative selection. We find that expression and mutation status of negatively selected genes is indicative of patient survival. Processes that are most strongly conserved are those that play fundamental cellular roles such as protein synthesis, glucose metabolism, and molecular transport. Intriguingly, we observe strong signals of selection in the immunopeptidome and proteins controlling peptide exposition, highlighting the importance of immune surveillance evasion. Additionally, tumor type-specific immune activity correlates with the strength of negative selection on human epitopes. Conclusions: In summary, our results show that negative selection is a hallmark of cell essentiality and immune response in cancer. The functional domains identified could be exploited therapeutically, ultimately allowing for the development of novel cancer treatments.The research leading to these results received funding from the Spanish Ministry of Economyâ, Industry and Competitiveness (Plan Nacional BIO2012-39754, BFU2012-31329 and BFU2015-68723-P and to the EMBL partnership), âCentro de Excelencia Severo Ochoa 2013â2017,â SEV-2012â0208, the European Union Seventh Framework Programme (FP7/2007â2013) under grant agreement nÂș. HEALTH-F4-2011â278568 (PRIMES), the European Fund for Regional Development (EFRD), European Unionâs Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under grant agreement NÂș 635290 (PanCanRisk), CERCA Programme / Generalitat de Catalunya, the HHMI International Early Career Scientist Program (55007424), Secretaria dâUniversitats i Recerca del Departament dâEconomia i Coneixement de la Generalitatâs AGAUR program (2014 SGR 0974), and the European Research Council under the European Unionâs Seventh Framework Programme (FP7/2007-2013, ERC grant agreement 335980_EinME). LZ has been supported by the International PhD scholarship program of La Caixa at CRG and MS by the German Research Foundation (SCHA 1933/1-1)