19 research outputs found
The global burden of cancer attributable to risk factors, 2010-19: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019
- Author
- Aali A
- Ab Khan M
- Abbas Q
- Abbasi B
- Abbasi-Kangevari M
- Abbasi-Kangevari Z
- Abbastabar H
- Abd-Elsalam S
- Abdelmasseh M
- Abdelwahab AA
- Abdoli G
- Abdulkader RS
- Abdulkadir HA
- AbdulmuhsinMohammad K
- Abedi A
- Abegaz KH
- Abidi H
- Aboagye RG
- Abolhassani H
- Absalan A
- Abtew YD
- Abu-Gharbieh E
- Achappa B
- Acheson AR
- Acuna JM
- Addison D
- Addo IY
- Adegboye OA
- Adesina MA
- Adnan M
- Adnani QES
- Advani SM
- Afrin S
- Afzal MS
- Aggarwal M
- Ahinkorah BO
- Ahmad AR
- Ahmad R
- Ahmad S
- Ahmadi S
- Ahmed H
- Ahmed LA
- Ahmed MB
- Aiman W
- Ajami M
- Akalu GT
- Akbarzadeh-Khiavi M
- Aklilu A
- Akonde M
- Akunna CJ
- Al Hamad H
- Al Montasir A
- Al-Hanawi MK
- Al-Maweri SAA
- Al-Raddadi RM
- Al-Rifai RHH
- Al-Sabah SK
- Al-Tammemi AB
- Alahdab F
- Alanezi FM
- Alanzi TM
- Alessy SA
- Algammal AM
- Alhassan RK
- Ali AH
- Ali BA
- Ali HA
- Ali L
- Ali SS
- Alimohamadi Y
- Alipour V
- Aljunid SM
- Alkhayyat M
- Almustanyir S
- Alonso N
- Alqalyoobi S
- Altawalah H
- Alvis-Guzman N
- Amare F
- Ameyaw EK
- Amirzade-Iranaq MH
- Amu H
- Amusa GA
- Ancuceanu R
- Anderson JA
- Animut YA
- Anoushiravani A
- Anoushirvani AA
- Ansari-Moghaddam A
- Ansha MG
- Antony B
- Antwi MH
- Anwar SL
- Anwer R
- Anyasodor AE
- Arab-Zozani M
- Arabloo J
- Aremu O
- Argaw AM
- Ariffin H
- Aripov T
- Arshad M
- Artaman A
- Arulappan J
- Aruleba RT
- Aryannejad A
- Asaad M
- Asemahagn MA
- Asemi Z
- Asghari-Jafarabadi M
- Ashraf T
- Assadi R
- Athar M
- Athari SS
- Attia S
- Aujayeb A
- Ausloos M
- Avila-Burgos L
- Avval AH
- Awedew AF
- Awoke MA
- Awoke T
- Ayana TM
- Ayen SS
- Azadi D
- Azami-Aghdash S
- Azanaw MM
- Azangou-Khyavy M
- Azizi H
- Azzam AYY
- Babajani A
- Badar M
- Badiye AD
- Baghcheghi N
- Bagheri N
- Bagherieh S
- Bahadory S
- Baig AA
- Bain LE
- Baker JL
- Bakhtiari A
- Bakshi RK
- Banach M
- Banerjee I
- Bardhan M
- Barone-Adesi F
- Barra F
- Barrow A
- Bashir NZ
- Bashiri A
- Basu S
- Batiha A-MM
- Begum A
- Bekele AB
- Belay AS
- Belete MA
- Belgaumi UI
- Bell AW
- Belo L
- Benzian H
- Berhie AY
- Bermudez ANC
- Bernabe E
- Bhagavathula AS
- Bhala N
- Bhandari BB
- Bhardwaj N
- Bhardwaj P
- Bhattacharyya K
- Bhojaraja VS
- Bhuyan SS
- Bibi S
- Bicer BK
- Bilchut AH
- Bintoro BS
- Biondi A
- Birega MGB
- Birhan HE
- Bjorge T
- Blyuss O
- Bodicha BBA
- Bohan PMK
- Bolla SR
- Boloor A
- Bosetti C
- Braithwaite D
- Brauer M
- Brenner H
- Briko AN
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- Buchanan CM
- Bulamu NB
- Bustamante-Teixeira MT
- Butt MH
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- Camera LA
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- Dahlawi SMA
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- Daneshpajouhnejad P
- Danielewicz A
- Dao ATM
- Darwesh AM
- Das S
- Davitoiu DV
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- Debela SA
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- Demisse B
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- Dereje D
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- Etaee F
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- Fagbamigbe AF
- Fahimi S
- Fakhradiyev IR
- Faraon EJA
- Fares J
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- Farrokhpour H
- Fasanmi AO
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- Gebremariam YH
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- Gebremichael MA
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- Gemeda BNB
- Getachew M
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- Ghafourifard M
- Ghamari S-H
- Ghassemi F
- Ghimire A
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- Glasbey JC
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- Hiraike Y
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- Humayun A
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- Zare F
- Zare I
- Zareshahrabadi Z
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- Zodpey S
- Zoladl M
- Publication venue
- Publication date
- 20/08/2022
- Field of study
The global burden of cancer attributable to risk factors, 2010-19 : a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019
- Author
- Aali Amirali
- Abbas Qamar
- Abbasi Behzad
- Abbasi-Kangevari Mohsen
- Abbasi-Kangevari Zeinab
- Abbastabar Hedayat
- Abd-Elsalam Sherief
- Abdelmasseh Michael
- Abdelwahab Ahmed Abdelwahab
- Abdoli Gholamreza
- Abdulkader Rizwan Suliankatchi
- Abdulkadir Hanan Abdulkadir
- Abedi Aidin
- Abegaz Kedir Hussein
- Abidi Hassan
- Aboagye Richard Gyan
- Abolhassani Hassan
- Absalan Abdorrahim
- Abtew Yonas Derso
- Abu-Gharbieh Eman
- Achappa Basavaprabhu
- Acheson Alistair R
- Acuna Juan Manuel
- Addison Daniel
- Addo Isaac Yeboah
- Adegboye Oyelola A
- Adesina Miracle Ayomikun
- Adnan Mohammad
- Adnani Qorinah Estiningtyas Sakilah
- Advani Shailesh M
- Afrin Sumia
- Afzal Muhammad Sohail
- Aggarwal Manik
- Ahinkorah Bright Opoku
- Ahmad Araz Ramazan
- Ahmad Rizwan
- Ahmad Sajjad
- Ahmad Sohail
- Ahmadi Sepideh
- Ahmed Haroon
- Ahmed Luai A
- Ahmed Muktar Beshir
- Aiman Wajeeha
- Ajami Marjan
- Akalu Gizachew Taddesse
- Akbarzadeh-Khiavi Mostafa
- Aklilu Addis
- Akonde Maxwell
- Akunna Chisom Joyqueenet
- Al-Hanawi Mohammed Khaled
- Al-Maweri Sadeq Ali Ali
- Al-Raddadi Rajaa M
- Al-Rifai Rami H Hani
- Al-Sabah Salman Khalifah
- Al-Tammemi Ala'a B
- Alahdab Fares
- Alanezi Fahad Mashhour
- Alanzi Turki M
- Alessy Saleh Ali
- Algammal Abdelazeem M
- Alhassan Robert Kaba
- Ali Adel Hajj
- Ali Beriwan Abdulqadir
- Ali Hiwa Abubaker
- Ali Liaqat
- Ali Syed Shujait
- Alimohamadi Yousef
- Alipour Vahid
- Aljunid Syed Mohamed
- Alkhayyat Motasem
- Almustanyir Sami
- Alonso Nivaldo
- Alqalyoobi Shehabaldin
- Altawalah Haya
- Alvis-Guzman Nelson
- Amare Firehiwot
- Ameyaw Edward Kwabena
- Amirzade-Iranaq Mohammad Hosein
- Amu Hubert
- Amusa Ganiyu Adeniyi
- Ancuceanu Robert
- Anderson Jason A
- Animut Yaregal Animut
- Anoushiravani Amir
- Anoushirvani Ali Arash
- Ansari-Moghaddam Alireza
- Ansha Mustafa Geleto
- Antony Benny
- Antwi Maxwell Hubert
- Anwar Sumadi Lukman
- Anwer Razique
- Anyasodor Anayochukwu Edward
- Arab-Zozani Morteza
- Arabloo Jalal
- Aremu Olatunde
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- Vo Bay
- Vos Theo
- Vu Linh Gia
- Wadood Abdul Wadood
- Waheed Yasir
- Walde Mandaras Tariku
- Wamai Richard G
- Wang Cong
- Wang Fang
- Wang Ning
- Wang Yu
- Ward Paul
- Waris Abdul
- Westerman Ronny
- Wickramasinghe Nuwan Darshana
- Woldemariam Melat
- Woldu Berhanu
- Xiao Hong
- Xu Rixing
- Xu Suowen
- Xu Xiaoyue
- Yadav Lalit
- Yang Lin
- Yazdanpanah Fereshteh
- Yeshaw Yigizie
- Yismaw Yazachew
- Yonemoto Naohiro
- Younis Mustafa Z
- Yousefi Zabihollah
- Yousefian Fatemeh
- Yu Chuanhua
- Yu Yong
- Yunusa Ismaeel
- Zahir Mazyar
- Zaki Nazar
- Zaman Burhan Abdullah
- Zangiabadian Moein
- Zare Fariba
- Zare Iman
- Zareshahrabadi Zahra
- Zarrintan Armin
- Zastrozhin Mikhail Sergeevich
- Zeineddine Mohammad A
- Zhang Dongyu
- Zhang Jianrong
- Zhang Yunquan
- Zhang Zhi-Jiang
- Zhou Linghui
- Zodpey Sanjay
- Zoladl Mohammad
- Šekerija Mario
- Publication venue
- Publication date
- 01/01/2022
- Field of study
Background Understanding the magnitude of cancer burden attributable to potentially modifiable risk factors is crucial for development of effective prevention and mitigation strategies. We analysed results from the Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries, and Risk Factors Study (GBD) 2019 to inform cancer control planning efforts globally. Methods The GBD 2019 comparative risk assessment framework was used to estimate cancer burden attributable to behavioural, environmental and occupational, and metabolic risk factors. A total of 82 risk-outcome pairs were included on the basis of the World Cancer Research Fund criteria. Estimated cancer deaths and disability-adjusted life-years (DALYs) in 2019 and change in these measures between 2010 and 2019 are presented. Findings Globally, in 2019, the risk factors included in this analysis accounted for 4.45 million (95% uncertainty interval 4.01-4.94) deaths and 105 million (95.0-116) DALYs for both sexes combined, representing 44.4% (41.3-48.4) of all cancer deaths and 42.0% (39.1-45.6) of all DALYs. There were 2.88 million (2.60-3.18) risk-attributable cancer deaths in males (50.6% [47.8-54.1] of all male cancer deaths) and 1.58 million (1.36-1.84) risk-attributable cancer deaths in females (36.3% [32.5-41.3] of all female cancer deaths). The leading risk factors at the most detailed level globally for risk-attributable cancer deaths and DALYs in 2019 for both sexes combined were smoking, followed by alcohol use and high BMI. Risk-attributable cancer burden varied by world region and Socio-demographic Index (SDI), with smoking, unsafe sex, and alcohol use being the three leading risk factors for risk-attributable cancer DALYs in low SDI locations in 2019, whereas DALYs in high SDI locations mirrored the top three global risk factor rankings. From 2010 to 2019, global risk-attributable cancer deaths increased by 20.4% (12.6-28.4) and DALYs by 16.8% (8.8-25.0), with the greatest percentage increase in metabolic risks (34.7% [27.9-42.8] and 33.3% [25.8-42.0]). Interpretation The leading risk factors contributing to global cancer burden in 2019 were behavioural, whereas metabolic risk factors saw the largest increases between 2010 and 2019. Reducing exposure to these modifiable risk factors would decrease cancer mortality and DALY rates worldwide, and policies should be tailored appropriately to local cancer risk factor burden. Copyright (C) 2022 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier Ltd. This is an Open Access article under the CC BY 4.0 license.Peer reviewe
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- Ababneh Hazim S
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- Abebe Samrawit Shawel
- Abedi Aidin
- Abegaz Kedir Hussein
- Abhilash E S
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- Aburuz Salahdein
- Accrombessi Manfred Mario Kokou
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- Adamu Abdu A
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- Addolorato Giovanni
- Adebiyi Akindele Olupelumi
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- Adetunji Charles Oluwaseun
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- Ahmad Muayyad M
- Ahmad Sajjad
- Ahmad Shahzaib
- Ahmad Tauseef
- Ahmadi Keivan
- Ahmadzade Amir Mahmoud
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- Shibuya Kenji
- Shiferaw Desalegn
- Shigematsu Mika
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- Shuval Kerem
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- Silva João Pedro
- Silva Luís Manuel Lopes Rodrigues
- Silva Soraia
- Simpson Colin R
- Singal Anjali
- Singh Abhinav
- Singh Balbir Bagicha
- Singh Garima
- Singh Jasbir
- Singh Narinder Pal
- Singh Paramdeep
- Singh Surjit
- Sinha Dhirendra Narain
- Sinto Robert
- Siraj Md Shahjahan
- Sirota Sarah Brooke
- Sitas Freddy
- Sivakumar Shravan
- Skryabin Valentin Yurievich
- Skryabina Anna Aleksandrovna
- Sleet David A
- Socea Bogdan
- Sokhan Anton
- Solanki Ranjan
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- Soleimani Hamidreza
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- Sorensen Reed J D
- Soriano Joan B
- Soyiri Ireneous N
- Spartalis Michael
- Spearman Sandra
- Sreeramareddy Chandrashekhar T
- Srivastava Vijay Kumar
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- Stark Benjamin A
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- Stokes Mark A
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- Suleman Muhammad
- Suliankatchi Abdulkader Rizwan
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- Sun Haitong Zhe
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- Sunkersing David
- Sunnerhagen Katharina S
- Swain Chandan Kumar
- Szarpak Lukasz
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- Szócska Miklós
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- Tabatabaei Seyyed Mohammad
- Tabatabaeizadeh Seyed-Amir
- Tabatabai Shima
- Tabish Mohammad
- TADAKAMADLA JYOTHI
- Tadakamadla Santosh Kumar
- Taheri Abkenar Yasaman
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- Taiba Jabeen
- Takahashi Ken
- Talaat Iman M
- Talukder Ashis
- Tampa Mircea
- Tamuzi Jacques Lukenze
- Tan Ker-Kan
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- Tang Haosu
- Tang Hong K
- Tarigan Ingan Ukur
- Tariku Mengistie Kassahun
- Tariqujjaman Md
- Tarkang Elvis Enowbeyang
- Tavakoli Oliaee Razieh
- Tavangar Seyed Mohammad
- Taveira Nuno
- Tefera Yibekal Manaye
- Temsah Mohamad-Hani
- Temsah Reem Mohamad Hani
- Teramoto Masayuki
- Tesler Riki
- Teye-Kwadjo Enoch
- Thakur Rishu
- Thangaraju Pugazhenthan
- Thankappan Kavumpurathu Raman
- Tharwat Samar
- Thayakaran Rasiah
- Thomas Nihal
- Thomas Nikhil Kenny
- Thomson Azalea M
- Thrift Amanda G
- Thum Chern Choong Chern
- Thygesen Lau Caspar
- Tian Jing
- Tichopad Ales
- Ticoalu Jansje Henny Vera
- Tillawi Tala
- Tiruye Tenaw Yimer
- Titova Mariya Vladimirovna
- Tonelli Marcello
- Topor-Madry Roman
- Toriola Adetunji T
- Torre Anna E
- Touvier Mathilde
- Tovani-Palone Marcos Roberto
- Tran Jasmine T
- Tran Nghia Minh
- Trico Domenico
- Tromans Samuel Joseph
- Truyen Thien Tan Tri Tai
- Tsatsakis Aristidis
- Tsegay Guesh Mebrahtom
- Tsermpini Evangelia Eirini
- Tumurkhuu Munkhtuya
- Tung Kang
- Tyrovolas Stefanos
- Uddin Sayed Mohammad Nazim
- Udoakang Aniefiok John
- Udoh Arit
- Ullah Atta
- Ullah Irfan
- Ullah Saeed
- Ullah Sana
- Umakanthan Srikanth
- Umeokonkwo Chukwuma David
- Unim Brigid
- Unnikrishnan Bhaskaran
- Unsworth Carolyn Anne
- Upadhyay Era
- Urso Daniele
- Usman Jibrin Sammani
- Vahabi Seyed Mohammad
- Vaithinathan Asokan Govindaraj
- Valizadeh Rohollah
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- Wu Felicia
- Wu Xinsheng
- Wu Zenghong
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- Xiao Hong
- Xie Yang
- Xu Suowen
- Xu Wang-Dong
- Xu Xiaoyue
- Xu Yvonne Yiru
- Yadollahpour Ali
- Yamagishi Kazumasa
- Yang Danting
- Yang Lin
- Yano Yuichiro
- Yao Yao
- Yaribeygi Habib
- Ye Pengpeng
- Yehualashet Sisay Shewasinad
- Yesiltepe Metin
- Yesuf Subah Abderehim
- Yezli Saber
- Yi Siyan
- Yigezu Amanuel
- Yip Paul
- Yismaw Malede Berihun
- Yismaw Yazachew
- Yiğit Arzu
- Yiğit Vahit
- Yon Dong Keon
- Yonemoto Naohiro
- Yoon Seok-Jun
- You Yuyi
- Younis Mustafa Z
- Yousefi Zabihollah
- Yu Chuanhua
- Yu Yong
- Yuh Faith H
- Zadey Siddhesh
- Zadnik Vesna
- Zafari Nima
- Zakham Fathiah
- Zaki Nazar
- Zaman Sojib Bin
- Zamora Nelson
- Zand Ramin
- Zangiabadian Moein
- Zar Heather J
- Zare Iman
- Zarrintan Armin
- Zeariya Mohammed G M
- Zeinali Zahra
- Zhang Haijun
- Zhang Jianrong
- Zhang Jingya
- Zhang Liqun
- Zhang Yunquan
- Zhang Zhi-Jiang
- Zhao Hanqing
- Zhong Chenwen
- Zhou Juexiao
- Zhu Bin
- Zhu Lei
- Ziafati Makan
- Zielińska Magdalena
- Zitoun Osama A
- Zoladl Mohammad
- Zou Zhiyong
- Zuhlke Liesl J
- Zumla Alimuddin
- Zweck Elric
- Zyoud Samer H
- Ärnlöv Johan
- Šekerija Mario
- Publication venue
- Elsevier
- Publication date
- 03/04/2024
- Field of study
BACKGROUND Regular, detailed reporting on population health by underlying cause of death is fundamental for public health decision making. Cause-specific estimates of mortality and the subsequent effects on life expectancy worldwide are valuable metrics to gauge progress in reducing mortality rates. These estimates are particularly important following large-scale mortality spikes, such as the COVID-19 pandemic. When systematically analysed, mortality rates and life expectancy allow comparisons of the consequences of causes of death globally and over time, providing a nuanced understanding of the effect of these causes on global populations. METHODS The Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries, and Risk Factors Study (GBD) 2021 cause-of-death analysis estimated mortality and years of life lost (YLLs) from 288 causes of death by age-sex-location-year in 204 countries and territories and 811 subnational locations for each year from 1990 until 2021. The analysis used 56 604 data sources, including data from vital registration and verbal autopsy as well as surveys, censuses, surveillance systems, and cancer registries, among others. As with previous GBD rounds, cause-specific death rates for most causes were estimated using the Cause of Death Ensemble model-a modelling tool developed for GBD to assess the out-of-sample predictive validity of different statistical models and covariate permutations and combine those results to produce cause-specific mortality estimates-with alternative strategies adapted to model causes with insufficient data, substantial changes in reporting over the study period, or unusual epidemiology. YLLs were computed as the product of the number of deaths for each cause-age-sex-location-year and the standard life expectancy at each age. As part of the modelling process, uncertainty intervals (UIs) were generated using the 2·5th and 97·5th percentiles from a 1000-draw distribution for each metric. We decomposed life expectancy by cause of death, location, and year to show cause-specific effects on life expectancy from 1990 to 2021. We also used the coefficient of variation and the fraction of population affected by 90% of deaths to highlight concentrations of mortality. Findings are reported in counts and age-standardised rates. Methodological improvements for cause-of-death estimates in GBD 2021 include the expansion of under-5-years age group to include four new age groups, enhanced methods to account for stochastic variation of sparse data, and the inclusion of COVID-19 and other pandemic-related mortality-which includes excess mortality associated with the pandemic, excluding COVID-19, lower respiratory infections, measles, malaria, and pertussis. For this analysis, 199 new country-years of vital registration cause-of-death data, 5 country-years of surveillance data, 21 country-years of verbal autopsy data, and 94 country-years of other data types were added to those used in previous GBD rounds. FINDINGS The leading causes of age-standardised deaths globally were the same in 2019 as they were in 1990; in descending order, these were, ischaemic heart disease, stroke, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, and lower respiratory infections. In 2021, however, COVID-19 replaced stroke as the second-leading age-standardised cause of death, with 94·0 deaths (95% UI 89·2-100·0) per 100 000 population. The COVID-19 pandemic shifted the rankings of the leading five causes, lowering stroke to the third-leading and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease to the fourth-leading position. In 2021, the highest age-standardised death rates from COVID-19 occurred in sub-Saharan Africa (271·0 deaths [250·1-290·7] per 100 000 population) and Latin America and the Caribbean (195·4 deaths [182·1-211·4] per 100 000 population). The lowest age-standardised death rates from COVID-19 were in the high-income super-region (48·1 deaths [47·4-48·8] per 100 000 population) and southeast Asia, east Asia, and Oceania (23·2 deaths [16·3-37·2] per 100 000 population). Globally, life expectancy steadily improved between 1990 and 2019 for 18 of the 22 investigated causes. Decomposition of global and regional life expectancy showed the positive effect that reductions in deaths from enteric infections, lower respiratory infections, stroke, and neonatal deaths, among others have contributed to improved survival over the study period. However, a net reduction of 1·6 years occurred in global life expectancy between 2019 and 2021, primarily due to increased death rates from COVID-19 and other pandemic-related mortality. Life expectancy was highly variable between super-regions over the study period, with southeast Asia, east Asia, and Oceania gaining 8·3 years (6·7-9·9) overall, while having the smallest reduction in life expectancy due to COVID-19 (0·4 years). The largest reduction in life expectancy due to COVID-19 occurred in Latin America and the Caribbean (3·6 years). Additionally, 53 of the 288 causes of death were highly concentrated in locations with less than 50% of the global population as of 2021, and these causes of death became progressively more concentrated since 1990, when only 44 causes showed this pattern. The concentration phenomenon is discussed heuristically with respect to enteric and lower respiratory infections, malaria, HIV/AIDS, neonatal disorders, tuberculosis, and measles. INTERPRETATION Long-standing gains in life expectancy and reductions in many of the leading causes of death have been disrupted by the COVID-19 pandemic, the adverse effects of which were spread unevenly among populations. Despite the pandemic, there has been continued progress in combatting several notable causes of death, leading to improved global life expectancy over the study period. Each of the seven GBD super-regions showed an overall improvement from 1990 and 2021, obscuring the negative effect in the years of the pandemic. Additionally, our findings regarding regional variation in causes of death driving increases in life expectancy hold clear policy utility. Analyses of shifting mortality trends reveal that several causes, once widespread globally, are now increasingly concentrated geographically. These changes in mortality concentration, alongside further investigation of changing risks, interventions, and relevant policy, present an important opportunity to deepen our understanding of mortality-reduction strategies. Examining patterns in mortality concentration might reveal areas where successful public health interventions have been implemented. Translating these successes to locations where certain causes of death remain entrenched can inform policies that work to improve life expectancy for people everywhere. FUNDING Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation
High evolutionary constraints limited adaptive responses to past climate changes in toad skulls
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- Publication venue
- 'The Royal Society'
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- Field of study
Does the Cave Environment Reduce Functional Diversity?
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- A Haddad
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- AN Ab’ Saber
- C Fišer
- Camile Sorbo Fernandes
- CO Webb
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The loss of fishing territories in coastal areas: the case of seabob-shrimp small-scale fisheries in São Paulo, Brazil
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- A Camargo
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A Mg2+/Li+ hybrid-ion battery based on MoS2 prepared by solvothermal synthesis with ionic liquid assistance
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- A Byeon
- A Luntz
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- 'Springer Science and Business Media LLC'
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Fehlbildungen, Heterotopien und Anomalien der Mund-, Kiefer- und Gesichtsregion
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- A Buchner
- A Franceschetti
- A Giordano
- A Greither
- A Jarvis
- A Kolokotronis
- A Kullaa-Mikkonen
- A Kölliker
- A Madjidi
- A Mosqueda-Taylor
- A Schulz
- AB Brinsmade
- AC Cameron
- AF Tommasi
- AJ Casino
- AJ MacGregor
- AK Das
- AM Abrams
- AN Cranin
- AN Goss
- AO Ibekwe
- AP Chaudhry
- AP Vanderas
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- B Rating
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- B Roed-Petersen
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- BA Olivares-Pakzad
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- BF Schaumann
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- BM Patten
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- CB Rosenberg-Gertzman
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- DM Cohen
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- RA Baughman
- RA Baughman
- RA Chamda
- RA Pfeiffer
- RA Pfeiffer
- RA TenCate
- RA Yukna
- RC Bartlett
- RC Bartlett
- RC Bonn
- RC King
- RD Zallen
- RE Hickman
- RHB Allard
- RHB Allard
- RJ Gorlin
- RJ Gorlin
- RJ Gorlin
- RJ Gorlin
- RJ Gorlin
- RK Davis
- RM Shah
- RP Happonen
- RP Hylton
- RS Pollack
- RS Redman
- S Calderon
- S Hayashi
- S Jänicke
- S Khunamornpong
- S Porter
- S Schulz
- S Taicher
- S Tewari
- S Weinberg
- SB Carroll
- SB Mackler
- SB Whitaker
- SK Mathur
- SN Bhaskar
- SO Krolls
- SR Prabhu
- SR Prabhu
- SS Desai
- SS Napier
- SW Bonorden
- T Ishigami
- T Nakagawa
- T Noikura
- T Oygür
- T Salland
- T Takeuchi
- T Yoda
- TB Mark van de
- TD Daley
- TD Daley
- TD Daley
- TD Iswariah
- TF Christ
- TF Downham
- TL Dormandy
- TM Adrendorf
- TM Holt
- TM Lawrence
- U Hillebrand
- U Hillig
- U Hirschfelder
- U Pieritz
- U Rheinwald
- V Aboyans
- V Bychkov
- V Gyenes
- V Veau
- VM Diewert
- W Hoppe
- W Küster
- W Marsch
- W Rosenthal
- W Stoll
- W Stoll
- WC Johnston
- WG Young
- WH Archer
- WJH Stroer
- WR Spielman
- X-C Jian
- Y Salapata
- Y Shimura
- Y Takenoshita
- Y Watanabe
- Z Neuman
- Z Szudrowicz
- Publication venue
- 'Springer Science and Business Media LLC'
- Publication date
- 01/01/2000
- Field of study
Survey on Estimation
- Author
- A Abur
- A Alessandri
- A Alessandri
- A Andrews
- A Farina
- A Germani
- A Monticelli
- A Segall
- A Vicino
- A Zellner
- AB Tsybakov
- AE Bryson
- AG Ramm
- AH Jazwinski
- AH Jazwinski
- AH Jazwinski
- AN Kolmogorov
- AP Sage
- AP Sage
- AS Debs
- AS Willsky
- AV Balakrishnan
- AW Heemink
- B Hassibi
- B Ristic
- B Ristic
- B Ristic
- B-N Vo
- B-T Vo
- BC Levy
- BDO Anderson
- BDO Anderson
- BG Leibungudt
- C Rao
- CV Rao
- CV Rao
- CW Helstrom
- CW Helstrom
- D Dochain
- D Guo
- D Reid
- D Simon
- DG Lainiotis
- DG Lainiotis
- DG Luenberger
- DL Alspach
- DL Hall
- DL Snyder
- DP Bertsekas
- DP Joseph
- DQ Mayne
- E Mayer-Wolf
- EA Flinn
- EA Robinson
- EL Lehmann
- EP Blasch
- ES Mangoubi
- F Carravetta
- F Daum
- FC Schweppe
- FE Daum
- G Battistelli
- G Battistelli
- G Dissanayake
- G Evensen
- G Evensen
- G Evensen
- GC Calafiore
- GC Goodwin
- GH Golub
- GJ Bierman
- GJ Bierman
- H Cramér
- H Durrant-Whyte
- H Durrant-Whyte
- H Kwakernaak
- H Trees Van
- H Wakita
- HC Andrews
- HE Rauch
- HE Rauch
- HJ Kushner
- HJ Kushner
- HJ Kushner
- HL Trees van
- HR Simpson
- HV Poor
- HW Sorenson
- J Biemond
- J Chen
- J Darragh
- J Kim
- J Mullane
- J Sklansky
- J Stephant
- JA Farrell
- JC Venerus
- JH Painter
- JH Taylor
- JM Mendel
- JM Mendel
- JM Mendel
- JS Meditch
- JS Meditch
- JW Bayless
- JW Woods
- K Kim
- K Nachazel
- KC Chou
- KR Koch
- L Chisci
- L Chisci
- L Dai
- L Ljung
- L Servi
- L Stark
- LE Zachrisson
- M Aoki
- M Athans
- M Barkat
- M Ghil
- M Ghosh
- M Hernandez
- M Milanese
- M Milanese
- M Morf
- M Morf
- MJ Grimble
- MS Grewal
- N Metropolis
- N Wiener
- NJ Gordon
- O Barbarisi
- P Combettes
- P Tichavsky
- PA Frost
- PL Falb
- R Netz
- R Nikoukhah
- R Olfati-Saber
- RA Fisher
- RA Fisher
- RA Fisher
- RE Kalman
- RE Kalman
- RL Stratonovich
- RL Stratonovich
- RPS Mahler
- RPS Mahler
- RPS Mahler
- RS Pindyck
- S Blackman
- S Iida
- S Park
- S Thrun
- S Ulam
- S Verdú
- SD Personick
- SF Schmidt
- SG Tzafestas
- SJ Julier
- SM Kay
- SR Neal
- SS Stankovic
- T Alamo
- T Kailath
- T Kailath
- T Kailath
- T Kailath
- T Kailath
- T Söderström
- T Söderström
- TA Schonhoff
- TAB Snijders
- TE Duncan
- TE Tuncer
- TP McGarty
- TR Benedict
- VE Benes
- VJ Aidala
- W Wertz
- WL Miller
- WM Wonham
- WS Roman
- Y Bar-Shalom
- Y Bar-Shalom
- Y Bar-Shalom
- Y Bard
- YC Ho
- YC Ho
- Publication venue
- 'Springer Science and Business Media LLC'
- Publication date
- Field of study
The global burden of cancer attributable to risk factors, 2010-19: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019
- Author
- Aali A
- Ab Khan M
- Abbas Q
- Abbasi B
- Abbasi-Kangevari M
- Abbasi-Kangevari Z
- Abbastabar H
- Abd-Elsalam S
- Abdelmasseh M
- Abdelwahab AA
- Abdoli G
- Abdulkader RS
- Abdulkadir HA
- AbdulmuhsinMohammad K
- Abedi A
- Abegaz KH
- Abidi H
- Aboagye RG
- Abolhassani H
- Absalan A
- Abtew YD
- Abu-Gharbieh E
- Achappa B
- Acheson AR
- Acuna JM
- Addison D
- Addo IY
- Adegboye OA
- Adesina MA
- Adnan M
- Adnani QES
- Advani SM
- Afrin S
- Afzal MS
- Aggarwal M
- Ahinkorah BO
- Ahmad AR
- Ahmad R
- Ahmad S
- Ahmadi S
- Ahmed H
- Ahmed LA
- Ahmed MB
- Aiman W
- Ajami M
- Akalu GT
- Akbarzadeh-Khiavi M
- Aklilu A
- Akonde M
- Akunna CJ
- Al Hamad H
- Al Montasir A
- Al A
- Al-Hanawi MK
- Al-Maweri SAA
- Al-Raddadi RM
- Al-Rifai RHH
- Al-Sabah SK
- Al-Tammemi AB
- Alahdab F
- Alanezi FM
- Alanzi TM
- Alessy SA
- Algammal AM
- Alhassan RK
- Ali AH
- Ali BA
- Ali HA
- Ali L
- Ali SS
- Alimohamadi Y
- Alipour V
- Aljunid SM
- Alkhayyat M
- Almustanyir S
- Alonso N
- Alqalyoobi S
- Altawalah H
- Alvis-Guzman N
- Amare F
- Ameyaw EK
- Amirzade-Iranaq MH
- Amu H
- Amusa GA
- An TMD
- Ancuceanu R
- Anderson JA
- Animut YA
- Anoushiravani A
- Anoushirvani AA
- Ansari-Moghaddam A
- Ansha MG
- Antony B
- Antwi MH
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- Arabloo J
- Aremu O
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- Asemi Z
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- Athari SS
- Attia S
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- Avval AH
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- Awoke MA
- Awoke T
- Ayana TM
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- Azadi D
- Azami-Aghdash S
- Azanaw MM
- Azangou-Khyavy M
- Azizi H
- Azzam AYY
- Babajani A
- Badar M
- Badiye AD
- Baghcheghi N
- Bagheri N
- Bagherieh S
- Bahadory S
- Baig AA
- Bain LE
- Baker JL
- Bakhtiari A
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- Banerjee I
- Bardhan M
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- Bashir NZ
- Bashiri A
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- Bekele AB
- Belay AS
- Belete MA
- Belgaumi UI
- Bell AW
- Belo L
- Benzian H
- Berhie AY
- Bermudez ANC
- Bernabe E
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- Bhojaraja VS
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- Bibi S
- Bicer BK
- Bilchut AH
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- Braithwaite D
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- Briko AN
- Briko NI
- Buchanan CM
- Bulamu NB
- Bustamante-Teixeira MT
- Butt MH
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- Camera LA
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- Chandrasekar VT
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- Cho DY
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- Chu D-T
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- Culbreth GT
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- Daneshpajouhnejad P
- Danielewicz A
- Darwesh AM
- Das S
- Davitoiu DV
- De la Hoz FP
- Debela SA
- Dehghan A
- Dehkordi JJA
- Demisse B
- Demisse FW
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- Derakhshani A
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- Desai R
- Desalegn MD
- Desideri LF
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- Dessie G
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- Diao N
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- Digesa LE
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- Dongarwar D
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- Ferrero S
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- Fukumoto T
- Gaal PA
- Gad MM
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- Galehdar N
- Gallus S
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- Gebremariam YH
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- Gebremichael MA
- Geda YF
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- Ghassemi F
- Ghimire A
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- Gholamalizadeh M
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- Gilani SA
- Gill PS
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- Gizaw ATT
- Glasbey JC
- Godos J
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- Gorini G
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- Gudayu TW
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- Simegn W
- Singh A
- Singh AD
- Singh G
- Singh H
- Singh JA
- Singh JK
- Singh P
- Singh S
- Sinha DN
- Sinke AH
- Siraj MS
- Sitas F
- Siwal SS
- Skryabin VY
- Skryabina AA
- Socea B
- Soeberg MJ
- Sofi-Mahmudi A
- Solomon Y
- Soltani RDC
- Soltani-Zangbar MS
- Song S
- Song Y
- Soodejani MT
- Sorensen RJD
- Soshnikov S
- Sotoudeh H
- Sowe A
- Sufiyan MB
- Suk R
- Suleman M
- Sultana S
- Sur D
- Swamy SN
- Syed ZQ
- Szacska M
- Tabaeian SP
- Tabares-Seisdedos R
- Tabari MAK
- Tabatabaei SM
- Tabuchi T
- Tadbiri H
- Tahbaz SV
- Taheri E
- Taheri M
- Takahashi K
- Talaat IM
- Tampa M
- Tan K-K
- Tat NY
- Tat VY
- Tavakoli A
- Tehrani-Banihashemi A
- Tekalegn Y
- Tesfay FH
- Thapar R
- Thavamani A
- Thomas N
- Thomas NK
- Ticoalu JHV
- Tiyuri A
- Tollosa DN
- Topor-Madry R
- Toroudi HP
- Touvier M
- Tovani-Palone MR
- Traini E
- Tripathy JP
- Ukke GG
- Ullah I
- Ullah S
- Unnikrishnan B
- Vacante M
- Vaezi M
- Valdez PR
- Vardavas C
- Varniab ZS
- Varthya SB
- Vaziri S
- Velazquez DZ
- Veroux M
- Villeneuve PJ
- Violante FS
- Vladimirov SK
- Vlassov V
- Vo B
- Vos T
- Vu LG
- Wadood AW
- Waheed Y
- Walde MT
- Wamai RG
- Wang C
- Wang F
- Wang N
- Wang Y
- Ward P
- Waris A
- Westerman R
- Wickramasinghe ND
- Woldemariam M
- Woldu B
- Xiao H
- Xu R
- Xu S
- Xu X
- Yadav L
- Yang L
- Yazdanpanah F
- Yeshaw Y
- Yismaw Y
- Yonemoto N
- Younis MZ
- Yousefi Z
- Yousefian F
- Yu C
- Yu Y
- Yunusa I
- Zahir M
- Zaki N
- Zaman BA
- Zangiabadian M
- Zare F
- Zare I
- Zareshahrabadi Z
- Zarrintan A
- Zastrozhin MS
- Zeineddine MA
- Zhang D
- Zhang J
- Zhang Y
- Zhang Z-J
- Zhou L
- Zodpey S
- Zoladl M
- Publication venue
- 'Elsevier BV'
- Publication date
- 01/08/2022
- Field of study
Background Understanding the magnitude of cancer burden attributable to potentially modifiable risk factors is crucial for development of effective prevention and mitigation strategies. We analysed results from the Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries, and Risk Factors Study (GBD) 2019 to inform cancer control planning efforts globally. Methods The GBD 2019 comparative risk assessment framework was used to estimate cancer burden attributable to behavioural, environmental and occupational, and metabolic risk factors. A total of 82 risk–outcome pairs were included on the basis of the World Cancer Research Fund criteria. Estimated cancer deaths and disability-adjusted life-years (DALYs) in 2019 and change in these measures between 2010 and 2019 are presented. Findings Globally, in 2019, the risk factors included in this analysis accounted for 4·45 million (95% uncertainty interval 4·01–4·94) deaths and 105 million (95·0–116) DALYs for both sexes combined, representing 44·4% (41·3–48·4) of all cancer deaths and 42·0% (39·1–45·6) of all DALYs. There were 2·88 million (2·60–3·18) risk-attributable cancer deaths in males (50·6% [47·8–54·1] of all male cancer deaths) and 1·58 million (1·36–1·84) risk-attributable cancer deaths in females (36·3% [32·5–41·3] of all female cancer deaths). The leading risk factors at the most detailed level globally for risk-attributable cancer deaths and DALYs in 2019 for both sexes combined were smoking, followed by alcohol use and high BMI. Risk-attributable cancer burden varied by world region and Socio-demographic Index (SDI), with smoking, unsafe sex, and alcohol use being the three leading risk factors for risk-attributable cancer DALYs in low SDI locations in 2019, whereas DALYs in high SDI locations mirrored the top three global risk factor rankings. From 2010 to 2019, global risk-attributable cancer deaths increased by 20·4% (12·6–28·4) and DALYs by 16·8% (8·8–25·0), with the greatest percentage increase in metabolic risks (34·7% [27·9–42·8] and 33·3% [25·8–42·0]). Interpretation The leading risk factors contributing to global cancer burden in 2019 were behavioural, whereas metabolic risk factors saw the largest increases between 2010 and 2019. Reducing exposure to these modifiable risk factors would decrease cancer mortality and DALY rates worldwide, and policies should be tailored appropriately to local cancer risk factor burden. Funding Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation