Artistas sobre outras obras

A pós modernidade encerra a interrogação crítica do homem sobre o homem: a linguagem ameaça o que é significante, o que é corpo. O sujeito é falado, e assim constituído depois da linguagem (Althusser, 1976). O jovem Arthur Rimbaud sintetiza-o, aos dezassete anos, numa carta ao seu professor de retórica Georges Izambard, datada de 13 de maio 1871: «C’est faux de dire: je pense: on devrait dire on me pense. Pardon du jeu de mots. Je est un autre». (Rimbaud, 1999: 237) A identidade resiste à linguagem dos homens. A linguagem é transmitida entre as gerações e com ela transporta os sujeitos, ou, o que é dizer o mesmo, a possível interrogação: quem me fala? É esta também a perplexidade que motivou o tema desta revista Estúdio. Reuniram-se, nesta edição, 22 artigos, provenientes de diferentes autores da Argentina, Brasil, Portugal e Espanha, que se debruçam sobre artistas cuja identidade se mostra e merece ser interrogada: são espaços ‘ex-cêntricos,’ para se descobrir.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Mortality from gastrointestinal congenital anomalies at 264 hospitals in 74 low-income, middle-income, and high-income countries: a multicentre, international, prospective cohort study

Summary Background Congenital anomalies are the fifth leading cause of mortality in children younger than 5 years globally. Many gastrointestinal congenital anomalies are fatal without timely access to neonatal surgical care, but few studies have been done on these conditions in low-income and middle-income countries (LMICs). We compared outcomes of the seven most common gastrointestinal congenital anomalies in low-income, middle-income, and high-income countries globally, and identified factors associated with mortality. Methods We did a multicentre, international prospective cohort study of patients younger than 16 years, presenting to hospital for the first time with oesophageal atresia, congenital diaphragmatic hernia, intestinal atresia, gastroschisis, exomphalos, anorectal malformation, and Hirschsprung’s disease. Recruitment was of consecutive patients for a minimum of 1 month between October, 2018, and April, 2019. We collected data on patient demographics, clinical status, interventions, and outcomes using the REDCap platform. Patients were followed up for 30 days after primary intervention, or 30 days after admission if they did not receive an intervention. The primary outcome was all-cause, in-hospital mortality for all conditions combined and each condition individually, stratified by country income status. We did a complete case analysis. Findings We included 3849 patients with 3975 study conditions (560 with oesophageal atresia, 448 with congenital diaphragmatic hernia, 681 with intestinal atresia, 453 with gastroschisis, 325 with exomphalos, 991 with anorectal malformation, and 517 with Hirschsprung’s disease) from 264 hospitals (89 in high-income countries, 166 in middleincome countries, and nine in low-income countries) in 74 countries. Of the 3849 patients, 2231 (58·0%) were male. Median gestational age at birth was 38 weeks (IQR 36–39) and median bodyweight at presentation was 2·8 kg (2·3–3·3). Mortality among all patients was 37 (39·8%) of 93 in low-income countries, 583 (20·4%) of 2860 in middle-income countries, and 50 (5·6%) of 896 in high-income countries (p<0·0001 between all country income groups). Gastroschisis had the greatest difference in mortality between country income strata (nine [90·0%] of ten in lowincome countries, 97 [31·9%] of 304 in middle-income countries, and two [1·4%] of 139 in high-income countries; p≤0·0001 between all country income groups). Factors significantly associated with higher mortality for all patients combined included country income status (low-income vs high-income countries, risk ratio 2·78 [95% CI 1·88–4·11], p<0·0001; middle-income vs high-income countries, 2·11 [1·59–2·79], p<0·0001), sepsis at presentation (1·20 [1·04–1·40], p=0·016), higher American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) score at primary intervention (ASA 4–5 vs ASA 1–2, 1·82 [1·40–2·35], p<0·0001; ASA 3 vs ASA 1–2, 1·58, [1·30–1·92], p<0·0001]), surgical safety checklist not used (1·39 [1·02–1·90], p=0·035), and ventilation or parenteral nutrition unavailable when needed (ventilation 1·96, [1·41–2·71], p=0·0001; parenteral nutrition 1·35, [1·05–1·74], p=0·018). Administration of parenteral nutrition (0·61, [0·47–0·79], p=0·0002) and use of a peripherally inserted central catheter (0·65 [0·50–0·86], p=0·0024) or percutaneous central line (0·69 [0·48–1·00], p=0·049) were associated with lower mortality. Interpretation Unacceptable differences in mortality exist for gastrointestinal congenital anomalies between lowincome, middle-income, and high-income countries. Improving access to quality neonatal surgical care in LMICs will be vital to achieve Sustainable Development Goal 3.2 of ending preventable deaths in neonates and children younger than 5 years by 2030

Vivências maternas na realidade de ter um filho autista: uma compreensão pela enfermagem Experiencias maternas en la realidad de tener un hijo autista: una comprensión para la enfermería Maternal experiences in the reality of having an autistic son: an understanding for nursing

Este estudo objetivou descrever a vivência de ser-mãe de criança autista. Utilizou-se abordagem qualitativa e referencial fenomenológico com conceitos de Martin Heidegger. Foram entrevistadas 14 mães de crianças autistas, com perguntas abertas, gravadas e transcritas na íntegra. O cenário foi a AMA-PI e dados produzidos em maio de 2006. A análise revela que as mães vivenciam a facticidade de ter um filho autista permeada por sentimentos de nulidade, fé e solidão. As mães também deixam de viver o seu cotidiano para viverem o cotidiano do filho. Ao assumirem sua condição existencial -estar-no-mundo e ser mãe de uma criança autista, passam a se compreenderem como ser capaz de lutar pelo bem-estar do filho, sem queixas, demonstrando abnegação, paciência e preocupação.<br>Este estudio que objetivó describir la experiencia de ser-madre del un niño autísta. El abordaje cualitativo fue utilizado según el referencial fenomenológico de Martín Heidegger. Catorce madres de niños autístas fueron entrevistadas con preguntas abiertas, grabadas y transcritas en la integra. El escenario de la investigación fue el AMA-PI y los datos producidos en mayo de 2006. El análisis reveló las madres viven profundamente la facticidad de tener un hijo autísta la cual es permeada por sensaciones negativas, fe y la soledad. Las madres tanbién dejam vivir su vida diaria para vivir la vida diaria de sus hijos. Al asumir la condición existencial - estar -en el mundo y ser madre de un niño autísta, ellas comenzan a comprender cómo son capazes de luchar por lo bien-estar de sus hojos, sin quejas, demuenstrando abnegación, paciencia y preocupación.<br>This study has as objective to describe the experience of being mother of an autistic child. A qualitative approach was accomplished according to the phenomenological concepts of Martin Heidegger. Fourteen mothers of autistic children had been interviewed, with semi-structured questions, tape-recorded and transcribed integrally. The local of data collection was the AMA-PI with data produced in May, 2006. The analysis revealed that mothers who live the facticity of having an autistic child is permeated by negative feelings, faith and solitudeness. Mothers also leave their dalily life to live their children's daily live. When assuming their existential condition - to be -in the world and to be mother of a autistic child, they begin to understand how to be capable to fight for their children's well-being, without complaints, demonstrating self-denial, patience and concern

ECOAL Project—Delivering Solutions for Integrated Monitoring of Coal-Related Fires Supported on Optical Fiber Sensing Technology

International audienceThe combustion of coal wastes resulting from mining is of particular environmental concern, and the importance of proper management involving real-time assessment of their status and identification of probable evolution scenarios is recognized. Continuous monitoring of the combustion temperature and emission levels of certain gases allows for the possibility of planning corrective actions to minimize their negative impact on the surroundings. Optical fiber technology is well suited to this purpose and here we describe the main attributes and results obtained from a fiber optic sensing system projected to gather data on distributed temperature and gas emissions in these harsh environments

Avaliação de políticas públicas de segurança alimentar e combate à fome no período de 1995-2002: 1 - Abordagem metodológica Evaluation of public policies for food security and hunger control in Brazil, 1995-2002: 1 - Methodological framework

Descrevem-se a adaptação e aplicação de uma metodologia multidimensional baseada na tríade estrutura-processo-resultado ao contexto da avaliação de programas de segurança alimentar e combate à fome. Segundo a proposta, o estudo da estrutura analisa os instrumentos físicos e discursivos dos programas; a dimensão processo, as atividades e intervenções desenvolvidas e a dimensão resultado, além da cobertura, focalização e controle social, poderia contemplar os efeitos das intervenções sobre a segurança alimentar e nutrição dos beneficiários. A metodologia foi empregada para avaliar programas implementados no Brasil no período de 1995-2002. Além disso, foi realizado um estudo de caso em 45 municípios da Bahia, envolvendo pesquisa documental, entrevistas com informantes-chave e pesquisa domiciliar em 1.750 famílias de baixa renda no interior e 760 famílias na capital. Espera-se que os resultados contribuam para a discussão sobre os fatores facilitadores e os obstáculos que são enfrentados no nível local para a implementação de programas dessa natureza, tanto quanto para o desenvolvimento metodológico no campo da avaliação de políticas de alimentação, nutrição e combate à fome.<br>The authors describe the adaptation and application of a multidimensional methodology based on structure-process-outcome for evaluating food security and hunger control programs. According to the proposal, study of the structure dimension analyzes the programs' material and discursive instruments; the process dimension focuses on the activities and interventions; and the outcome dimension includes coverage, targeting, and social control, and also potentially the effects of the interventions on the beneficiaries' food security and nutrition. The methodology was used to evaluate programs implemented in Brazil from 1995 to 2002. A case study was also done including 45 municipalities in the State of Bahia, involving documental research, interviews with key informants, and a household survey including 1,750 low-income families in the rural area and 760 in the capital city. The results are expected to contribute to the discussion on facilitating factors and obstacles at the local level for the implementation of such programs, and to methodological development in the field of food security, nutrition, and hunger control policies

Frequência de comportamentos alimentares inadequados e sua relação com a insatisfação corporal em adolescentes

OBJETIVO: Descrever a relação entre a frequência de insatisfação com a imagem corporal e a presença de sintomas de transtornos alimentares em adolescentes. MÉTODOS: O estudo foi realizado com uma amostra de 300 adolescentes, de ambos os sexos, na faixa etária de 10 a 17 anos, estudantes de uma escola pública estadual da cidade do Recife, Brasil. Foram utilizadas as versões brasileiras para adolescentes de três escalas autoaplicativas (EAT-26, BITE e BSQ), além de um questionário contendo dados biodemográficos. RESULTADOS: A frequência de sintomas de transtornos alimentares detectada pelo EAT-26 foi de 32,3%; 2,3% para comportamentos sugestivos de bulimia nervosa, por meio da escala BITE, tendo 36,67% dos alunos apresentado padrão alimentar não usual; 5,6% apresentaram insatisfação com a imagem corporal; 8,6% demonstraram tendência à preocupação com a insatisfação com a imagem corporal e 17,6% apresentaram leve insatisfação, além de 66,3%, que mostraram normalidade em relação à sua forma corporal. CONCLUSÃO: Os adolescentes apresentaram níveis de alteração na autoimagem corporal, com alta frequência de insatisfação da imagem corporal, podendo apresentar associação com comportamentos alimentares inadequados

Development of a benthic multimetric index for biomonitoring of a neotropical watershed

Biotic indices are important tools for evaluating water quality in Biomonitoring Programmes of river basins. The objective of this study was to develop a Benthic Multimetric Index (BMI) to evaluate the water quality in a neotropical catchment in southeastern Brazil. Thirty metrics were evaluated and six were selected to calculate the BMI: family richness, % Oligochaeta, % Chironomidae + Oligochaeta (% CHOL), % EPT (Ephemeroptera, Plecoptera and Trichoptera), % Collector-gatherers, and BMWP-CETEC biotic index. Sampling was carried in triplicate at 21 sampling sites (8 in the river channel and 13 in the tributaries) during 4 annual collecting trips from June 2004 to November 2007, making a total of 945 samples. Scores (5, 3 or 1) were attributed to each chosen metric and were added up to establish the water quality criteria (a score of 6-12 - poor; 13-18 - intermediate; 19-24 - good; and 25-30 - very good water quality). Our results indicated that 48% of the sampling sites analysed in the catchment basin presented very good water quality, 14% good quality, 19% regular, and 19% poor water quality. This methodology proved to be an efficient tool for evaluating water quality in the Biomonitoring Programme of the Velhas River basin, and that it may serve to evaluate water quality in other river basins in South America