Effects of comorbidities on quality of life in Filipino people with tuberculosis.

BACKGROUND: We investigated health-related quality of life (HrQoL) in Filipino people undergoing TB treatment, and whether HrQoL was negatively impacted by comorbidity with undernutrition, diabetes (DM) and anaemia.METHODS: Adult participants were enrolled in public facilities in Metro Manila (three sites) and Negros Occidental (two sites). Multivariate linear regression was used to model the four correlated domain scores from a WHOQOL-BREF questionnaire (physical, psychological, social, environmental). A forward-stepwise approach was used to select a final multivariable model with inclusion based on global tests of significance at P < 0.1.RESULTS: In 446 people on drug-susceptible TB treatment, DM and moderate/severe anaemia were not associated with HrQoL. After adjustment for age, sex, education, food insecurity, treatment adherence, inflammation, Category I or II TB treatment, treatment phase, current side effects and inhibited ability to work, moderate/severe undernutrition (body mass index < 17 kg/m²) was associated with lower HrQoL (P = 0.003) with reduced psychological (coefficient: -1.02, 95% CI -1.54 to -0.51), physical (-0.62, 95% CI -1.14 to -0.09) and environmental domain scores (-0.45, 95% CI -0.88 to -0.01). In 225 patients with known HIV status in Metro Manila, HIV was associated with modestly reduced HrQoL (P = 0.014).CONCLUSION: Nutritional status and food insecurity represent modifiable risk factors for poor HrQoL that may be alleviated through interventions

Comparing approaches for numerical modelling of tsunami generation by deformable submarine slides

Tsunami generated by submarine slides are arguably an under-considered risk in comparison to earthquake-generated tsunami. Numerical simulations of submarine slide-generated waves can be used to identify the important factors in determining wave characteristics. Here we use Fluidity, an open source finite element code, to simulate waves generated by deformable submarine slides. Fluidity uses flexible unstructured meshes combined with adaptivity which alters the mesh topology and resolution based on the simulation state, focussing or reducing resolution, when and where it is required. Fluidity also allows a number of different numerical approaches to be taken to simulate submarine slide deformation, free-surface representation, and wave generation within the same numerical framework. In this work we use a multi-material approach, considering either two materials (slide and water with a free surface) or three materials (slide, water and air), as well as a sediment model (sediment, water and free surface) approach. In all cases the slide is treated as a viscous fluid. Our results are shown to be consistent with laboratory experiments using a deformable submarine slide, and demonstrate good agreement when compared with other numerical models. The three different approaches for simulating submarine slide dynamics and tsunami wave generation produce similar waveforms and slide deformation geometries. However, each has its own merits depending on the application. Mesh adaptivity is shown to be able to reduce the computational cost without compromising the accuracy of results

A non-intrusive reduced-order model for compressible fluid and fractured solid coupling and its application to blasting

This work presents the first application of a non-intrusive reduced order method to model solid interacting with compressible fluid flows to simulate crack initiation and propagation. In the high fidelity model, the coupling process is achieved by introducing a source term into the momentum equation, which represents the effects of forces of the solid on the fluid. A combined single and smeared crack model with the Mohr–Coulomb failure criterion is used to simulate crack initiation and propagation. The non-intrusive reduced order method is then applied to compressible fluid and fractured solid coupled modelling where the computational cost involved in the full high fidelity simulation is high. The non-intrusive reduced order model (NIROM) developed here is constructed through proper orthogonal decomposition (POD) and a radial basis function (RBF) multi-dimensional interpolation method.The performance of the NIROM for solid interacting with compressible fluid flows, in the presence of fracture models, is illustrated by two complex test cases: an immersed wall in a fluid and a blasting test case. The numerical simulation results show that the NIROM is capable of capturing the details of compressible fluids and fractured solids while the CPU time is reduced by several orders of magnitude. In addition, the issue of whether or not to subtract the mean from the snapshots before applying POD is discussed in this paper. It is shown that solutions of the NIROM, without mean subtracted before constructing the POD basis, captured more details than the NIROM with mean subtracted from snapshots

Semiconductor x-ray spectrometer system type 454.

The semiconductor detector X-ray spectrometer type 454 provides a resolution of 220 eV FWHM for the Fe Kα X-ray line at count rates up to 10 4 pulses per second, and is suitable for the energy range 4 to 60 keV. The preamplifier uses the pulsed optical feedback technique and a remounted input field effect transistor which operates at 130 K. The detectors are fabricated from commercially available hyper-pure n-type silicon and do not suffer from the carrier trapping effects exhibited by some lithium drift compensated silicon detectors at temperatures approaching 77 K. The high initial cost of this material is offset by savings in manufacturing time and in the cost of the sophisticated equipment required for lithium drift compensation of p-type silicon. Drifting times of possibly weeks coupled with uncertainty about the qualities of the final product make the more costly hyper-pure n-type silicon an attractive proposition for small laboratories. The doping density is stable and is not affected appreciably by the high temperature (300ºC) processing required to diffuse lithium into one surface and so produce a highly doped low sheet resistivity n contact. Guarding the n+ contact ensures a signal contact leakage current of less than 0.01 pA when the 5-8 mm thick detector is fully depleted

Fluidity manual v4.1.10

<p>Fluidity is an open source, general purpose, multi-phase CFD code capable of solving numerically<br>the Navier-Stokes and accompanying field equations on arbitrary unstructured finite element meshes in one, two and three dimensions. It uses a moving finite element/control volume method which allows arbitrary movement of the mesh with time dependent problems. It has a wide range of finite<br>element/control volume element choices including mixed formulations. Fluidity is coupled to a<br>mesh optimisation library allowing for dynamic mesh adaptivity and is parallelised using MPI.</p

Fluidity (1baf80aac1e7e735b1cf182bc20761a0c6df7767)

Fluidity (Version 1baf80aac1e7e735b1cf182bc20761a0c6df7767

Fluidity (543a90caf74202feeae990d5fa8c4927cd2c839f)

Fluidity (Version 543a90caf74202feeae990d5fa8c4927cd2c839f

Tuberculosis in Selected Drug Abuse Treatment and Rehabilitation Centers(DATRCs) in Luzon, Philippines

202309 bcwhVersion of RecordOthersJoint World Health Organization Western Pacific Region (WPR)Publishe

Tuberculosis case finding and case holding practices in selected Drug Abuse Treatment and Rehabilitation Centers (DATRCS) in Luzon, Philippines

202309 bcwhVersion of RecordOthersJoint World Health Organization Western Pacific Region (WPR)Publishe