Arthrogryposis: A Rare Manifestation in Infant of Diabetic Mother

Arthrogryposis multiplex congenita is characterized by non-progressive, multiple joint contractures present at birth. The major cause of arthrogryposis is fetal akinesia due to fetal abnormalities like neurogenic, muscle, connective tissue abnormalities or maternal disorders Here we report a rare case of arthrogryposis in infant of diabetic mother with multiple congenital anomalies

Noise Cancellation Employing Adaptive Digital Filters for Mobile Applications

The persistent improvement of the hybrid adaptive algorithms and the swift growth of signal processing chip enhanced the performance of signal processing technique exalted mobile telecommunication systems. The proposed Artificial Neural Network Hybrid Back Propagation Adaptive Algorithm (ANNHBPAA) for mobile applications exploits relationship among the pure speech signal and noise corrupted signal in order to estimate of the noise. An adaptive linear system responds for changes in its environment as it is operating. Linear networks are gets adjusted at each time step based on new input and target vectors can find weights and biases that minimize the networks sum squared error for recent input and target vectors. Networks of this kind are quite oftenly used for error cancellation, speech signal processing and control systems.    Noise in an audio signal has become major problem and hence mobile communication systems are demanding noise-free signal. In order to achieve noise-free signal various research communities have provided significant techniques. Adaptive noise cancellation (ANC) is a kind of technique which helps in estimation of un-wanted signal and removes them from corrupted signal. This paper introduces an Adaptive Filter Based Noise Cancellation System (AFNCS) that incorporates a hybrid back propagation learning for the adaptive noise cancellation in mobile applications. An extensive study has been made to explore the effects of different parameters, such as number of samples, number of filter coefficients, step size and noise level at the input on the performance of the adaptive noise cancelling system. The proposed hybrid algorithm consists all the significant features of Gradient Adaptive Lattice (GAL) and Least Mean Square (LMS) algorithms. The performance analysis of the method is performed by considering convergence complexity and bit error rate (BER) parameters along with performance analyzed with varying some parameters such as number of filter coefficients, step size, number of samples and input noise level. The outcomes suggest the errors are reduced significantly when the numbers of epochs are increased. Also incorporation of less hidden layers resulted in negligible computational delay along with effective utilization of memory. All the results have been obtained using computer simulations built on MATLAB platfor

In vivo cytogenetic effects of 2-trans hexenal on somatic and germ cells of laboratory mice

The in vivo cytogenetic effects of 2-trans hexenal were evaluated by investigating chromosomal aberrations and sperm head abnormalities in the bone marrow cells of laboratory bred Swiss albino mice. Single intraperitoneal injections of 8, 16 or 32 ìl per kg bodyweight resulted indose-dependent decreases in the mitotic index, significantly so at the higher doses and earlier times. Chromosomal aberrations per cell and the percentage of aberrant metaphase cells increased with dose, again fading with time. The percentage of abnormal sperm heads also showed a dose-related increase, with statistical significant again following the same pattern.  The overall result suggests a weak but positive dose-response relationship between treatment and induction of chromosomal aberrations in the somatic cells, and induction of abnormal sperm head morphology in germ cells

Classical orbital paramagnetism in non-equilibrium steady state

We report the results of our numerical simulation of classical-dissipative dynamics of a charged particle subjected to a non-markovian stochastic forcing. We find that the system develops a steady-state orbital magnetic moment in the presence of a static magnetic field. Very significantly, the sign of the orbital magnetic moment turns out to be {\it paramagnetic} for our choice of parameters, varied over a wide range. This is shown specifically for the case of classical dynamics driven by a Kubo-Anderson type non-markovian noise. Natural spatial boundary condition was imposed through (1) a soft (harmonic) confining potential, and (2) a hard potential, approximating a reflecting wall. There was no noticeable qualitative difference. What appears to be crucial to the orbital magnetic effect noticed here is the non-markovian property of the driving noise chosen. Experimental realization of this effect on the laboratory scale, and its possible implications are briefly discussed. We would like to emphasize that the above steady-state classical orbital paramagnetic moment complements, rather than contradicts the Bohr-van Leeuwen (BvL) theorem on the absence of classical orbital diamagnetism in thermodynamic equilibrium.Comment: 6 pages, 4 figures, Has appeared in Journal of Astrophysics and Astronomy special issue on 'Physics of Neutron Stars and Related Objects', celebrating the 75th birth-year of G. Srinivasa

Formulation and Evaluation of Bioadhesive Cyproheptadine Tablets

Purpose: To evaluate the effect of formulation variables on the bioadhesion and release properties of bioadhesive cyproheptadine hydrochloride tablets.Methods: Screening of polymers - hydroxypropyl methylcellulose, (HPMC), sodium carboxy methyl cellulose (CMC), and Carbopol 974p and 934p - in solution form were carried out by shear stress and detachment force measurement,based on Taguchi model, in order to determine their bioadhesion properties. Central composite design (CCD) was applied to optimize the combined effects of the polymers on release rate constant (K), diffusion coefficient (n), regression coefficient (R2) and detachment force of a sustained release tablet formulation of cyproheptadine hydrochloride containing also a prompt dose of the drug.Results: The shear stress of 3 % solution of HPMC was greater than that of an equivalent concentration of Carbopol 934P. The values of K, n, R2 and detachment force for the optimized formulation (F0) were 0.269, 0.696, 0.964 and 0.066 Newton (N), respectively, and showed good correlation with the predicted values, thus confirming the practicability and validity of the model.Conclusion: Gastric retention time can be increased for cyproheptadine hydrochloride by formulating it as a bioadhesive tablet that enhances the retention of the dosage form in the stomach and hence gastric absorption of the drug.Keywords: Cyproheptadine hydrochloride, Bioadhesive core tablet, Detachment force, Taguchi design, Central composite desig

Needle Tip Force Estimation using an OCT Fiber and a Fused convGRU-CNN Architecture

Needle insertion is common during minimally invasive interventions such as biopsy or brachytherapy. During soft tissue needle insertion, forces acting at the needle tip cause tissue deformation and needle deflection. Accurate needle tip force measurement provides information on needle-tissue interaction and helps detecting and compensating potential misplacement. For this purpose we introduce an image-based needle tip force estimation method using an optical fiber imaging the deformation of an epoxy layer below the needle tip over time. For calibration and force estimation, we introduce a novel deep learning-based fused convolutional GRU-CNN model which effectively exploits the spatio-temporal data structure. The needle is easy to manufacture and our model achieves a mean absolute error of 1.76 +- 1.5 mN with a cross-correlation coefficient of 0.9996, clearly outperforming other methods. We test needles with different materials to demonstrate that the approach can be adapted for different sensitivities and force ranges. Furthermore, we validate our approach in an ex-vivo prostate needle insertion scenario.Comment: Accepted for Publication at MICCAI 201

Management of Recurrent Pilonidal Sinus through Ayurveda Care and Surgery - A Case Report

Introduction: Pilonidal disease refers to subcutaneous infection occurring in the upper half of the gluteal cleft having no communication in the anal canal. In Ayurveda it can be correlated to Shalyajanya Nadivrana which is described in detail by Acharya Sushrutha. It presents as an acute abscess or chronic wound associated with pus discharge and severe discomfort. In this case report we present 20 years old female patient who reported to the OPD of Shalya SDMCAH with the complains of pain associated with pus discharge at the natal cleft region since two weeks with a history of Z plasty surgery. Methods: The case was managed by surgical excision followed by Kshara Karma, Triphala Prakshalana and dressing with Jatyadi Taila. Internally the patient was administered with Triphala Guggulu and Gandhaka Rasayana. Discussion: Apamarga Kshara helps in removal of unhealthy granulation tissue and cellular debris by sclerosing properties thereby lowering the recurrence rate. Triphala Prakshalana and wound dressing by Jathyadhi Taila fastens the healing process by microcidal effect. Results: The initial complains of pain associated with pus discharge subsided within seven days, while complete healing of the tract was observed within two months. Conclusion:  The surgical approach in contemporary science includes excision with reconstructive flaps (z-plasty). However, the recurrence rate is more and there are increased chances of developing wound infection. Hence in this case excision of sinus followed by apamarga kshara pratisarana was incorporated which showed promising results along with complete healing of the tract

Fortaleza: The emergence of a network hub

Digitalisation, accelerated by the pandemic, has brought the opportunity for companies to expand their businesses beyond their geographic location and has considerably affected networks around the world. Cloud services have a better acceptance nowadays, and it is foreseen that this industry will grow exponentially in the following years. With more distributed networks that need to support customers in different locations, the model of one-single server in big financial centres has become outdated and companies tend to look for alternatives that will meet their needs, and this seems to be the case with Fortaleza, in Brazil. With several submarine cables connections available, the city has stood out as a possible hub to different regions, and this is what this paper explores. Making use of real traffic data through looking glasses, we established a latency classification that ranges from exceptionally low to high and analysed 800 latencies from Roubaix, Fortaleza and Sao Paulo to Miami, Mexico City, Frankfurt, Paris, Milan, Prague, Sao Paulo, Santiago, Buenos Aires and Luanda. We found that non-developed countries have a big dependence on the United States to route Internet traffic. Despite this, Fortaleza proves to be an alternative for serving different regions with relatively low latencies

Evaluation of eslicarbazepine for its antidiuretic effect in albino wistar rats

Background: Diabetes insipidus is characterized by polyuria, polydipsia with hyposthenuria, causing dehydration and hypernatremia if the patient is deprived of water. Vasopressin analogues and drugs causing water retention are used in this condition. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the antidiuretic effect of eslicarbazepine in albino rats.Methods: The animals were divided into 3 groups each containing 6 animals. The first group was constituted by the control group which received distilled water. The second was the standard group which received vasopressin. The third group was constituted by the test group which received the test drug eslicarbazepine. The test drug was given for a period of 5 days. On 5th day, one hour after administration of respective drugs in different groups, diuresis was induced in all groups of animals by Furosemide after they were loaded with normal saline after overnight fasting. The volume of urine collected was measured at the end of 5 hours from each of the group along with sodium, potassium and chloride concentrations.Results: There was significant water retention and urine was concentrated in the test group which received eslicarbazepine when compared to the control group.Conclusions: Eslicarbazepine has significant water retaining capacity in albino wistar rats. Further evaluation is required before using it in diabetes insipidus

CARMA1 is a novel regulator of T-ALL disease and leukemic cell migration to the CNS

No abstract available