Reforma agrária e meio ambiente: a legislação ambiental e o uso de sistemas agroflorestais em assentamentos rurais no Estado de São Paulo.

Ações meramente coercitivas e repressivas não têm sido suficiente para garantir o pleno cumprimento da legislação ambiental por parte dos agricultores, principalmente no tocante às áreas de Reserva Legal e às Áreas de Preservação Permanente. Em que pese a importância ambiental e ecológica de se preservar estas áreas, praticamente inexistem incentivos econômicos ou fiscais para a recuperação e reflorestamento das mesmas. Uma alternativa para contornar o problema pode ser o uso de Sistemas Agro-florestais (SAFs). No presente artigo, busca-se fazer uma revisão quanto ao uso de SAFs na agricultura familiar, particularmente nos assentamentos de reforma agrária no estado de São Paulo, além de uma revisão do aparato legal/normativo envolvendo a questão, o qual tem sofrido recentes alterações no âmbito federal e particularmente no estado. Conclui-se pela existência de oportunidades e tratamento favorável à agricultura familiar neste quadro legal, mas aponta-se a necessidade de mais pesquisas sistemáticas visando conhecer melhor as estratégias e trajetórias dos produtores que já têm buscado o uso dos SAFs como alternativa, argumentando-se que tais estudos devem identificar os gargalos tecnológicos que os produtores têm enfrentado, as motivações e os estímulos ou restrições encontradas, a forma como se relacionam com a política e legislação ambiental vigente e a forma como este aparato legal é interpretado e aplicado pelos órgãos encarregados de formular e gerenciar a política e legislação ambiental. Entende-se que a realização de estudos e pesquisas desta natureza, de forma participativa e com enfoque sistêmico, são fundamentais tanto para se elaborar propostas de melhorias técnicas, como para a qualificação de demandas de P&D e para subsidiar a elaboração de políticas públicas e de normas legais que favoreçam uma relação mais harmônica e sinérgica entre reforma agrária e meio ambiente, conciliando os objetivos de desenvolvimento econômico e inclusão social, com os objetivos de recuperação ambiental da paisagem rural

Legislação ambiental e uso de sistemas agroflorestais em assentamentos rurais no estado de São paulo.

A importância ambiental e ecológica das áreas de Reserva Legal (RL) e das Áreas de Preservação Permanente (APP), previstas no Código Florestal Brasileiro, é reconhecida por diversos setores da sociedade, que enxergam nestes dispositivos legais um relevante incentivos econômicos ou fiscais para a recomposição e conservação destas áreas. De outro lado, a ação meramente coercitiva e repressiva por parte do estado não tem se mostrado suficiente para garantir o cumprimento da legislação ambiental por parte dos agricultores. Além disso, existem barreiras culturais, normativas e técnicas para que estas exigências legais sejam cumpridas. No caso dos pequenos agricultores familiares o problema tende a se agravar, em função da pouca disponibilidade de área para produção. Uma das alternativas de estímulo à recomposição florestal e incorporação do componente arbóreo aos sistemas produtivos é o uso de Sistemas Agroflorestais (SAFs)

International longitudinal registry of patients with atrial fibrillation and treated with rivaroxaban: RIVaroxaban Evaluation in Real life setting (RIVER)

Background Real-world data on non-vitamin K oral anticoagulants (NOACs) are essential in determining whether evidence from randomised controlled clinical trials translate into meaningful clinical benefits for patients in everyday practice. RIVER (RIVaroxaban Evaluation in Real life setting) is an ongoing international, prospective registry of patients with newly diagnosed non-valvular atrial fibrillation (NVAF) and at least one investigator-determined risk factor for stroke who received rivaroxaban as an initial treatment for the prevention of thromboembolic stroke. The aim of this paper is to describe the design of the RIVER registry and baseline characteristics of patients with newly diagnosed NVAF who received rivaroxaban as an initial treatment. Methods and results Between January 2014 and June 2017, RIVER investigators recruited 5072 patients at 309 centres in 17 countries. The aim was to enroll consecutive patients at sites where rivaroxaban was already routinely prescribed for stroke prevention. Each patient is being followed up prospectively for a minimum of 2-years. The registry will capture data on the rate and nature of all thromboembolic events (stroke / systemic embolism), bleeding complications, all-cause mortality and other major cardiovascular events as they occur. Data quality is assured through a combination of remote electronic monitoring and onsite monitoring (including source data verification in 10% of cases). Patients were mostly enrolled by cardiologists (n = 3776, 74.6%), by internal medicine specialists 14.2% (n = 718) and by primary care/general practice physicians 8.2% (n = 417). The mean (SD) age of the population was 69.5 (11.0) years, 44.3% were women. Mean (SD) CHADS2 score was 1.9 (1.2) and CHA2DS2-VASc scores was 3.2 (1.6). Almost all patients (98.5%) were prescribed with once daily dose of rivaroxaban, most commonly 20 mg (76.5%) and 15 mg (20.0%) as their initial treatment; 17.9% of patients received concomitant antiplatelet therapy. Most patients enrolled in RIVER met the recommended threshold for AC therapy (86.6% for 2012 ESC Guidelines, and 79.8% of patients according to 2016 ESC Guidelines). Conclusions The RIVER prospective registry will expand our knowledge of how rivaroxaban is prescribed in everyday practice and whether evidence from clinical trials can be translated to the broader cross-section of patients in the real world

Studies of new Higgs boson interactions through nonresonant HH production in the b¯bγγ fnal state in pp collisions at √s = 13 TeV with the ATLAS detector

A search for nonresonant Higgs boson pair production in the b ¯bγγ fnal state is performed using 140 fb−1 of proton-proton collisions at a centre-of-mass energy of 13 TeV recorded by the ATLAS detector at the CERN Large Hadron Collider. This analysis supersedes and expands upon the previous nonresonant ATLAS results in this fnal state based on the same data sample. The analysis strategy is optimised to probe anomalous values not only of the Higgs (H) boson self-coupling modifer κλ but also of the quartic HHV V (V = W, Z) coupling modifer κ2V . No signifcant excess above the expected background from Standard Model processes is observed. An observed upper limit µHH < 4.0 is set at 95% confdence level on the Higgs boson pair production cross-section normalised to its Standard Model prediction. The 95% confdence intervals for the coupling modifers are −1.4 < κλ < 6.9 and −0.5 < κ2V < 2.7, assuming all other Higgs boson couplings except the one under study are fxed to the Standard Model predictions. The results are interpreted in the Standard Model efective feld theory and Higgs efective feld theory frameworks in terms of constraints on the couplings of anomalous Higgs boson (self-)interactions

Measurement of the H → γ γ and H → ZZ∗ → 4 cross-sections in pp collisions at √s = 13.6 TeV with the ATLAS detector

The inclusive Higgs boson production cross section is measured in the di-photon and the Z Z∗ → 4 decay channels using 31.4 and 29.0 fb−1 of pp collision data respectively, collected with the ATLAS detector at a centre of-mass energy of √s = 13.6 TeV. To reduce the model dependence, the measurement in each channel is restricted to a particle-level phase space that closely matches the chan nel’s detector-level kinematic selection, and it is corrected for detector effects. These measured fiducial cross-sections are σfid,γ γ = 76+14 −13 fb, and σfid,4 = 2.80 ± 0.74 fb, in agreement with the corresponding Standard Model predic tions of 67.6±3.7 fb and 3.67±0.19 fb. Assuming Standard Model acceptances and branching fractions for the two chan nels, the fiducial measurements are extrapolated to the full phase space yielding total cross-sections of σ (pp → H) = 67+12 −11 pb and 46±12 pb at 13.6 TeV from the di-photon and Z Z∗ → 4 measurements respectively. The two measure ments are combined into a total cross-section measurement of σ (pp → H) = 58.2±8.7 pb, to be compared with the Stan dard Model prediction of σ (pp → H)SM = 59.9 ± 2.6 p

Combination of searches for invisible decays of the Higgs boson using 139 fb−1 of proton-proton collision data at root s=13 TeV collected with the ATLAS experiment

Many extensions of the Standard Model predict the production of dark matter particles at the LHC. Sufficiently light dark matter particles may be produced in decays of the Higgs boson that would appear invisible to the detector. This Letter presents a statistical combination of searches for H→invisible decays where multiple production modes of the Standard Model Higgs boson are considered. These searches are performed with the ATLAS detector using 139 fb−1of proton–proton collisions at a centre–of–mass energy of √s=13TeV at the LHC. In combination with the results at √s=7TeV and 8TeV, an upper limit on the H→invisible branching ratio of 0.107 (0.077) at the 95% confidence level is observed (expected). These results are also interpreted in the context of models where the 125GeV Higgs boson acts as a portal to dark matter, and limits are set on the scattering cross-section of weakly interacting massive particles and nucleons