Histórias de vida de professores, formação e representações sociais: uma proposta de articulação

Estudos sobre histórias de vida de professores vêm assumindo crescente importância na área de educação, passando a constituir um tema articulador de propostas relativas à formação docente. Entretanto, apesar da vitalidade desse campo, o reconhecimento, pela comunidade acadêmica, de sua capacidade de produzir conhecimentos relevantes é, ainda, uma preocupação. Buscando contribuir para essa discussão, propomos que representações sociais relacionadas à formação e ao trabalho docente sejam usadas para complementar a análise de histórias de vida. Para fundamentar a articulação proposta, comparamos concepções básicas de autores representativos desses dois campos de estudos, procurando demonstrar que não há incompatibilidade entre eles. Palavras-chave: Histórias de Vida. Narrativas Autobiográficas. Subjetividade. Representações Sociais

Peso materno em gestantes de baixo risco na atenção pré-natal

Objectives: To evaluate the nutritional status of low-risk pregnant women during prenatal, characterize the sociodemographic profile and quantify the patients with inadequate weight. Methods: Observational, prospective in low-risk pregnant women in Aracaju health centers, Sergipe, from March to June 2014. The evaluation followed the nutritional standards recommended by the Ministry of Health (MOH) and was conducted in three consultations consecutive, where the body mass index (BMI) was calculated by the researcher. Socioeconomic and gestational data of the patients were placed on a special form. Statistical analysis was performed using the EPI-INFO software, made distribution tables of frequencies and performed association testing variables. Results: 188 pregnant women were selected, of these 150 were eligible. The average age was 26 years, with standard deviation of 6.53. The average pre-pregnancy weight was 56.3 kg (± 20.8), average weights in the first, second and third reviews were 65.17 kg (± 12.8), 67.56 kg (± 12.9 ) and 69.97 kg (± 12.6), respectively. The pregnant woman’s card filling was incomplete in 63% of cases. In the pre-pregnancy period, 14% were malnourished and 14% obese. A significant association between BMI identified in the consultations and the inadequacy of pre-pregnancy BMI (p <0.01). Conclusions: Most of the women had BMI changed during the evaluations. Prenatal card filling proved inadequate, but there was no association with BMI during pregnancy. The factor related to pregnancy BMI change was the pre-pregnancy BMI inappropriate

Adenosine Deaminase Polymorphism Affects Sleep EEG Spectral Power in a Large Epidemiological Sample

Slow wave oscillations in the electroencephalogram (EEG) during sleep may reflect both sleep need and intensity, which are implied in homeostatic regulation. Adenosine is strongly implicated in sleep homeostasis, and a single nucleotide polymorphism in the adenosine deaminase gene (ADA G22A) has been associated with deeper and more efficient sleep. the present study verified the association between the ADA G22A polymorphism and changes in sleep EEG spectral power (from C3-A2, C4-A1, O1-A2, and O2-A1 derivations) in the Epidemiologic Sleep Study (EPISONO) sample from São Paulo, Brazil. Eight-hundred individuals were subjected to full-night polysomnography and ADA G22A genotyping. Spectral analysis of the EEG was carried out in all individuals using fast Fourier transformation of the signals from each EEG electrode. the genotype groups were compared in the whole sample and in a subsample of 120 individuals matched according to ADA genotype for age, gender, body mass index, caffeine intake status, presence of sleep disturbance, and sleep-disturbing medication. When compared with homozygous GG genotype carriers, A allele carriers showed higher delta spectral power in Stage 1 and Stages 3+4 of sleep, and increased theta spectral power in Stages 1, 2 and REM sleep. These changes were seen both in the whole sample and in the matched subset. the higher EEG spectral power indicates that the sleep of individuals carrying the A allele may be more intense. Therefore, this polymorphism may be an important source of variation in sleep homeostasis in humans, through modulation of specific components of the sleep EEG.Associacao Fundo de Incentivo a Psicofarmacologia (AFIP)Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)Universidade Federal de São Paulo, Dept Psicobiol, São Paulo, BrazilUniversidade Federal de São Paulo, Dept Psiquiatria, Lab Neurociencias Clin LiNC, São Paulo, BrazilUniv Fed ABC, Ctr Matemat Comp & Cognicao, Santo Andre, BrazilUniversidade Federal de São Paulo, Dept Psicobiol, São Paulo, BrazilUniversidade Federal de São Paulo, Dept Psiquiatria, Lab Neurociencias Clin LiNC, São Paulo, BrazilFAPESP: 98/14303-3Web of Scienc

Contribuições dos sistemas de informações no gerenciamento de riscos hospitalares:: revisão integrativa da literatura

O objetivo deste estudo foi identificar as contribuições dos sistemas de informações hospitalares para o gerenciamento de riscos em saúde e em enfermagem. Trata-se de uma revisão integrativa da literatura na SciELO e nas Bases de Dados LILACS, Medline, de 2004 a 2014, utilizando os descritores hospital, information, system, nursing, management, risk e safety. Foram identificadas 10 pesquisas que apontam as contribuições e fatores que influenciam a aplicação de Sistemas de Informação Hospitalares para o Gerenciamento de Riscos em Saúde e Enfermagem, com ênfase para os aspectos sociotécnicos e abordagens que favoreçam a cultura de segurança institucional integrada a políticas preventivas e corretivas no nível técnico, individual, institucional, social, nacional e internacional. O profissional da enfermagem possui grande envolvimento no atendimento do paciente, sendo assim o objetivo da implementação do sistema de informação deve estar conectado com o objetivo da enfermagem para garantir a adesão e sua aplicação de maneira adequada. Identificou-se potencialidades e barreiras no uso do sistema de informação no gerenciamento, a superação destas barreiras requer investimentos estruturais e processuais

Understanding the experiences of caregivers of children with tuberculosis in directly observed therapy

Objective To understand the situations and communications experienced by caregivers of children with tuberculosis (TB) with regard to directly observed therapy (DOT). Method A descriptive exploratory study with a qualitative approach was applied and developed in the ambulatory of Programa Einstein na Comunidade de Paraisópolis (PECP). The data were collected using semi-structured interviews of 13 caregivers of children with TB in DOT. The Collective Subject Discourse (CSD) method was used to analyze the data. Results Seven CSDs were identified and grouped into four categories: "Living in a difficult situation", "Changing the family routine", "Responsibility almost always fall son the mother", and "Adapting to the DOT". Conclusions The difficulties faced by the caregiver of the child at the beginning of DOT significantly changed the familiar routine. The responsibility for its continuity was assigned to the mother, who must adapt to the demands of the treatment and face the situation