Spectroscopy of annular drums and quantum rings: perturbative and nonperturbative results

We obtain systematic approximations to the states (energies and wave functions) of quantum rings (annular drums) of arbitrary shape by conformally mapping the annular domain to a simply connected domain. Extending the general results of Ref.\cite{Amore09} we obtain an analytical formula for the spectrum of quantum ring of arbirtrary shape: for the cases of a circular annulus and of a Robnik ring considered here this formula is remarkably simple and precise. We also obtain precise variational bounds for the ground state of different quantum rings. Finally we extend the Conformal Collocation Method of \cite{Amore08,Amore09} to the class of problems considered here and calculate precise numerical solutions for a large number of states ($\approx 2000$).Comment: 12 pages, 12 figures, 2 table

Computational modeling of the mechanical modulation of the growth plate by sustained loading

This paper presents a computational model that describes the growth of the bone as a function of the proliferation and hypertrophy of chondrocytes in the growth plate. We have included the effects of the mechanical loads on the sizes of the proliferative and hypertrophic areas, the number of proliferative chondrocytes and the final size of the hypertrophic chondrocytes. The validation of the model was performed with experimental data published on other investigations about proximal tibia of rats, subjected to sustained axial stresses of 0.1 MPa, 0.0 MPa, -0.1 MPa and −0.2 MPa. Growth was simulated during 23 days, obtaining numerical errors between 2.77% and 3.73% with respect to experimental growth rates. The results obtained show that the model adequately simulates the behavior of the growth plate and the effect of mechanical loads over its cellular activity

Bioacumulación de cianotoxinas en ecosistemas dulceacuícolas en América Latina: una revisión

Background: The increasing evidence of risk to the environment and human health by cyanotoxin exposure during cyanobacterial blooms has been reported worldwide. Despite the knowledge of cyanotoxin presence in Latin America, cyanotoxin bioaccumulation from freshwater environments have not been reviewed for the region. Goals: To review the current knowledge of cyanotoxin accumulation in tissues of freshwater organisms in field studies in Latin America. Methods: An extensive literature search was conducted to construct a database including information on accumulation of cyanotoxins in organisms inhabiting freshwater environments in Latin America (i.e., México to Argentina). Results: We found twenty-one studies from 2001 to 2020, including twenty-seven mostly eutrophic water bodies, the majority from Brazil. Microcystis was the most reported genus responsible for cyanotoxin production. Fish comprised most of the species accumulating cyanotoxins (20 species). Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) was the most studied species, and 80% of the fish species included have commercial importance, which highlights a potential route of exposure to humans by consumption of contaminated food. Some studies showed the reduction of cyanotoxins in tissues after an experimental depuration time. Also, calculations of the potential human intakes of microcystins by fish consumption exceeded the recommendations of tolerable intakes in most of the cases. Conclusions: In Latin America, the geographic extent of studies is narrow, however the summarized information indicates a risk for environment and human health by cyanotoxins bioaccumulation. There is a need for more efforts to generate scientific research on cyanotoxins bioaccumulation, but also for improvement of local level management policies to reduce eutrophication.Antecedentes: La creciente evidencia de riesgo para el medio ambiente y la salud humana por la exposición a cianotoxinas durante las floraciones de cianobacterias se ha reportado en todo el mundo. A pesar del conocimiento de la presencia de cianotoxinas en América Latina, la bioacumulación de cianotoxinas en ambientes de agua dulce no ha sido revisada para la región. Objetivos: Revisar el conocimiento actual sobre la acumulación de cianotoxinas en tejidos de organismos de agua dulce en estudios de campo en América Latina. Métodos: Se realizó una extensa búsqueda bibliográfica para construir una base de datos que incluyera información sobre la acumulación de cianotoxinas en organismos que habitan ambientes de agua dulce en América Latina (de México a Argentina). Resultados: Encontramos veintiún estudios de 2001 a 2020, incluidos veintisiete cuerpos de agua en su mayoría eutróficos, la mayoría de Brasil. Microcystis fue el género productor de cianotoxinas más reportado. Los peces comprendieron la mayoría de las especies que acumulaban cianotoxinas (20 especies). Oreochromis niloticus fue la especie más estudiada, y el 80% de las especies de peces incluidas tienen importancia comercial, lo que destaca una vía potencial de exposición a los humanos. Algunos estudios demostraron la reducción de cianotoxinas en los tejidos después de un tiempo de depuración experimental. Además, los cálculos de las ingestas humanas potenciales de microcistinas por consumo de pescado excedieron las recomendaciones de ingestas tolerables en la mayoría de los casos. Conclusiones: En América Latina, los estudios se han realizado en pocos países, sin embargo, estos trabajos indican un riesgo para el medio ambiente y la salud humana por la bioacumulación de cianotoxinas. Se necesita más investigación científica sobre la bioacumulación de cianotoxinas, pero también esfuerzos para mejorar la gestión a nivel local con la finalidad de reducir la eutrofización

White Gaussian Noise Based Capacity Estimate and Characterization of Fiber-Optic Links

We use white Gaussian noise as a test signal for single-mode and multimode transmission links and estimate the link capacity based on a calculation of mutual information. We also extract the complex amplitude channel estimations and mode-dependent loss with high accuracy.Comment: submitted to The Optical Networking and Communication Conference (OFC) 201

Mean Platelet Volume in Neonatal Sepsis: Meta-Analysis of Observational Studies

"first_pagesettingsOrder Article Reprints Open AccessSystematic Review Mean Platelet Volume in Neonatal Sepsis: Meta-Analysis of Observational Studies by Carlos J. Toro-Huamanchumo 1ORCID,Cielo Cabanillas-Ramirez 2,3ORCID,Carlos Quispe-Vicuña 3,4ORCID,Jose A. Caballero-Alvarado 5ORCID,Darwin A. León-Figueroa 3,6ORCID,Nicolás Cruces-Tirado 7 andJoshuan J. Barboza 3,8,*ORCID 1 Escuela de Medicina, Universidad Cesar Vallejo, Trujillo 13007, Peru 2 Escuela de Medicina, Universidad Peruana de Ciencias Aplicadas, Lima 15023, Peru 3 Unidad de Revisiones Sistemáticas y Meta-Análisis, Tau-Relaped Group, Trujillo 13007, Peru 4 Sociedad Científica San Fernando, Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos, Lima 15081, Peru 5 Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Privada Antenor Orrego, Trujillo 13007, Peru 6 Facultad de Medicina Humana, Universidad de San Martín de Porres, Chiclayo 14000, Peru 7 Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Señor de Sipán, Chiclayo 14006, Peru 8 Vicerrectorado de Investigación, Universidad Norbert Wiener, Lima 15046, Peru * Author to whom correspondence should be addressed. Children 2022, 9(12), 1821; https://doi.org/10.3390/children9121821 Received: 5 October 2022 / Revised: 21 November 2022 / Accepted: 22 November 2022 / Published: 25 November 2022 (This article belongs to the Section Pediatric Infectious Diseases) Download Browse Figures Review Reports Versions Notes Abstract Introduction: Early onset neonatal sepsis (EONS), particularly in preterm sepsis, is a potentially fatal issue. Evaluation of mean platelet volume (MPV) as an EONS predictor was the goal. Methods: Four databases were used to conduct a systematic evaluation of cohort and case–control studies. Up till the end of October 2022, 137 articles were found utilizing the search method. Following the review, 12 studies were included. Leukocytes, MPV, platelets, gender, birth weight, gestational age, mortality, and C-reactive protein (CRP) were all taken into account while analyzing the prediction of EONS. Inverse-variance methodology and the random-effects model were used. Using GRADE, the evidence’s quality was evaluated. Results: Neonatal patients with sepsis had significantly higher MPV levels than do neonates without sepsis (MD 1.26; 95% CI 0.89–1.63; p < 0.001). An increased MPV during the first 24 h postpartum was associated with high CRP values and high risk of neonatal mortality. In the investigations, the MPV cutoff for sepsis patients was 9.95 (SD 0.843). Overall certainty of the evidence was very low. Conclusions: The increased MPV during the first 24 h postpartum may be predictive of EONS and mortality. Future studies are warranted.

Z_4 flavor model in Randall-Sundrum model 1

Randall Sundrum models provide a possible explanation of (gauge-gravity) hierarchy, whereas discrete symmetry flavor groups yield a possible description of the texture of Standard Model fermion masses. We use both these ingredients to propose a five-dimensional extension of the Standard Model where the mass hierarchy of the four-dimensional effective field theory is obtained only using localizations parameters of order 1. We consider a bulk custodial gauge symmetry group together with an Abelian $Z_4$ group: the model turns out to yield a rather minimal extension of the SM as it only requires two brane Higgs fields to provide the desired Yukawa interactions and the required spontaneous symmetry breaking pattern. In fact, the presence of an extra-dimension allows the use of the Scherk-Schwarz mechanism to contribute to the breaking of the bulk custodial group down to the SM gauge symmetry. Moreover, no right-handed neutrinos are present and neutrino masses are generated radiatively with the help of a bulk charged scalar field that provides the Lepton-number violation. Using experimental inputs from the Global Neutrino Analysis and recent Daya Bay results, a numerical analysis is performed and allowed parameter regions are displayed.Comment: 23 pages, 3 figures. A brief discussion on contribution from higher order operators has been added, a few typos corrected and references added. Version to appear in Phys. Rev.

Mechanisms of Carbapenemase-Mediated Resistance among High-Risk \u3cem\u3ePseudomonas aeruginosa \u3c/em\u3e Lineages in Peru

Objectives: Pseudomonas aeruginosa is one of the leading causes of healthcare-associated infections globally. High-risk carbapenemase-encoding P. aeruginosa clones are disseminating in many regions. The aim of this study was to learn more about the lineages and mechanisms of resistance of P. aeruginosa circulating in Peru. Methods: A total of 141 carbapenemase-producing isolates recovered from hospitalized and ambulatory patients in Lima were sequenced and analyzed to infer their lineages through whole-genome sequence typing (wgST) and to identify their antimicrobial resistance genes. Results: wgST identified nine sequence types (STs); ST111 and ST357 were the most frequently encountered (44.0% and 38.3%, respectively), followed by ST179 (8.5%), with the remaining six detected only sporadically. Among ST357 isolates, 96.3% carried the novel blaIMP-93 allele, whereas the remainder harbored blaIMP-74. 74.2% of ST111 isolates co-harbored blaIMP-18 and blaVIM-2, while the rest carried either of these genes individually. All other ST lineages carried a single carbapenemase, which was either blaIMP-16, blaIMP-74, or blaVIM-2. Conclusion: Our study shows that the high-risk P. aeruginosa clones ST357, which harbors the novel blaIMP-93, and ST111, which carries blaIMP-18 and blaVIM-2, have apparently become endemic in the region

Parámetros genéticos para producción de leche de ganado Holstein en dos modalidades de control de producción

Variance components and genetic parameters were estimated for total milk production at first lactation (MP1), milkyield adjusted to 305 d and adult equivalent at the first lactation (MP1std), total milk production of the first fivelactations (MP5) and milk yield adjusted to 305 d and mature equivalent of the first five lactations (MP5std). Thedatabases of the Mexican Holstein Association (MHA, n= 43,668) and of the National Bank of Dairy Information(NBDI, n= 120,217) were used. Variances were estimated by REML, using a simple animal model for MP1 and MP1stdand a repeatability animal model for MP5 and MP5std. Heritability estimates ranged from low to moderate for thefirst lactation (0.17 ± 0.009 to 0.49 ± 0.019) and for the first five lactations (0.16 ± 0.006 to 0.41 ± 0.004). Therepeatabilities for MP5 and MP5std ranged from 0.32 ± 0.002 to 0.41 ± 0.004. The inclusion of information of theNBDI on the national evaluations made possible the incorporation of production data that had not been taken intoconsideration before. This inclusion not only improved the accuracy of sire breeding values   for milk production, butalso allowed the prediction of breeding values of more foreign and domestic animals with progeny in Mexico.Se estimaron componentes de varianza y parámetros genéticos para producción de leche total a la primera lactancia (PL1), producción de leche ajustada a 305 días y a equivalente adulto de la primera lactancia (PL1std), producción de leche total de las cinco primeras lactancias (PL5) y producción de leche ajustada a 305 días y a equivalente adulto de las primeras 5 lactancias (PL5std). Se utilizaron las bases de datos de la Asociación Holstein de México (AHM; n= 43,668) y del Banco Nacional de Información Lechera (BNIL; n= 120,217). Las varianzas fueron estimadas mediante REML, utilizando un modelo animal simple para PL1 y PL1std y un modelo animal de repetibilidad para PL5 y PL5std. Las heredabilidades estimadas fueron desde bajas a moderadas para la primera lactancia (0.17 ± 0.009 a 0.49 ± 0.019) y para las primeras cinco lactancias (0.16 ± 0.006 a 0.41 ± 0.004). Las repetibilidades para PL5 y PL5std tuvieron un rango de 0.32 ± 0.002 a 0.41 ± 0.004. La inclusión de la información del BNIL en las evaluaciones genéticas permitió incorporar datos de producción que no se estaban tomando en cuenta. Esto no solamente mejoró la precisión de los valores genéticos de los sementales para producción de leche, sino que también permitió la predicción de los valores genéticos de animales nacionales y extranjeros con progenies en México