Diversity of non-structural carbohydrates in the underground organs of five Iridaceae species from the Cerrado (Brazil)

AbstractSouth America has a great diversity in some tribes of the Iridaceae family. Most of the Iridaceae are geophytes, with underground organs bearing buds and reserve compounds, which favor their occurrence in seasonal environments, such as the Cerrado. Non-structural carbohydrates (NSC) are the main reserves in geophytes, essential to support phenological events, and protect plants against abiotic stresses. NSC may also reflect taxonomic relationships among plant groups. The objective of this study was to determine the contents and composition of NSC in underground organs of five Iridaceae species from the Cerrado (Cipura paludosa, Cipura xanthomelas, Trimezia cathartica, Trimezia juncifolia and Sisyrinchium vaginatum), representing the tribes Tigridieae, Trimezieae and Sisyrinchieae. Soluble carbohydrates and total fructose in oligo and polysaccharide fractions, and the starch contents were determined, and sugar composition was analyzed by HPAEC-PAD. The species from the tribes Trimezieae and Tigridieae showed similar NSC profiles, with considerable accumulation of starch and glucose, fructose, sucrose and maltose. Additionally, T. juncifolia also presented raffinose and 1-kestose. In contrast, S. vaginatum of the Sisyrinchieae has very low starch content and a distinct carbohydrate profile, predominating soluble carbohydrates, possibly of the raffinose family

Absence of history of oral cleft in first-degree relatives of patients with prostate cancer

To evaluate the occurrence of nonsyndromic cleft lip and/or palate (NSCL/P) in families of patients with prostate cancer (PC). We conducted a case-control study involving a total of 748 individuals, 280 of which had PC, and 468 were free-cancer healthy individuals. The patients answered a questionnaire with basic demographic information and family history of NSCL/P in first-degree relatives. The information collected was stored in a database and analyzed by using the statistical program SPSS® 24.0 for Windows (Chicago, IL, USA). In order to determine the association with NSCL/P, chi-square and Fisher’s exact test and odds ratio (OR) with its 95% confidence interval (95% CI) for risk magnitude assessment. Values with p<0.05 were considered statistically significant. Of total patients with PC, 2 had a positive history of NSCL/P. In the control group, 7 patients reported family history of NSCL/P (1df chi-square, p=0.34; Fisher´s exact test, p=0.49). The average age of the cases diagnosed with PC was 71.35±7.70 years, and control group was 64.42±9.67 years. Conclusion: Despite the limited population, the frequency of NSCL/P was not significantly increased in the first-degree relatives of patients with PC. Studies with larger samples and molecular analyses are needed to better understand the possible relationships in the etiology of cancer and NSCL/P7

Bcr-abl1 transcript levels at 3 and 6 months are better for identifying chronic myeloid leukemia patients with poor outcome in response to second-line second-generation tyrosine kinase inhibitors after imatinib failure: a report from a single institution

Early reduction of BCR-ABL1 transcript levels has been associated with improved outcome in chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) treatment. We evaluated 54 chronic-phase CML patients treated with imatinib who switched therapy to dasatinib (n = 33) or nilotinib (n = 21). BCR-ABL1 transcript levels were measured in peripheral blood using real-time quantitative PCR (RQ-PCR) every 3 months from the start of second-line treatment. Patients with BCR-ABL transcript levels >10% at 3 months and >1% at 6 months had significantly inferior progression-free (PFS) and event-free survival (EFS) than patients with RQ-PCR 1% at 6 months also had inferior PFS and EFS than patients with RQ-PCR <10% at 3 months and <1% at 6 months (48 vs. 100%, p = 0.002, and 25 vs. 73%, p < 0.0001, respectively). Two measurements of BCR-ABL levels were better than a single one to stratify chronic-phase CML patients as failure after second-line therapy. © 2015 S. Karger AG, Basel.Early reduction of BCR-ABL1 transcript levels has been associated with improved outcome in chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) treatment. We evaluated 54 chronic-phase CML patients treated with imatinib who switched therapy to dasatinib (n = 33) or nilotinib (1344248254sem informaçãosem informaçã

Análise bioeconômica da introdução de período de monta em sistemas de produção de rebanhos de cria na região do Brasil Central Bioeconomic analysis of breeding season introduction in productive systems of beef herd in Brazil Central region

Utilizando modelo de simulação bioeconômico de produção de bovinos de corte, foram analisados quatro efeitos decorrentes da implantação de período de monta (PM) no sistema de produção de bovinos de corte na fase de cria. Os efeitos foram: redução da taxa de mortalidade de bezerros de 10 para 4% (efeito A); redução na relação touro:vaca de 1:25 para 1:33 (efeito B); aumento da taxa de natalidade das vacas de 65 para 75% (efeito C); e redução na mão-de-obra permanente de vaqueiros (efeito D). Através destes efeitos foram simulados cinco cenários. O aumento percentual do valor presente líquido anual (VPL) calculado a partir da receita líquida, e da margem bruta (MB) anual, de toda atividade, em relação ao cenário sem estabelecimento de PM (cenário 1), ao final de seis anos de simulações, foram estimados em 7,64 e 7,68%; 12,91 e 13,84%; 25,36 e 25,25%; e 30,39 e 31,31%, respectivamente. A implementação de PM proporcionou melhoria substancial na economicidade e na eficiência biológica do sistema, sendo o aumento da taxa de natalidade o efeito de maior impacto positivo na atividade. Os efeitos acumulados da implantação de PM aumentaram a margem bruta anual da atividade em 31%.<br>Four effects related to the establishment of breeding season in production systems were analysed using a bioeconomic simulation model arise from implantation of breeding season in production systems. The effects were: decrease calf's mortality rate (10 to 4%) (effect A); reduction of bulls:cows relation from 1:25 to 1:33 (effect B); increase reproduction of cows (65 to 75%) (effect C); and reduction of herdsman number (effect D). With these effects were five scenery. The rate increase of present net value and brute margin, in relation to scenery without breeding season (scenery one) were respectively 7.64 and 7.68%; 12,91 and 13.84%; 25.36 and 25.25%; and 30.39 and 31.31%. The breeding season implementation provided increase in economical and biological systems efficiency. The reproductive rate growth was the effect with mayor impact in activity. The accumulate effects of breeding season implantation were able to increase gross margin in 31%