La Serpiente Cascabel Sudamericana Crotalus Durissus: Ecología Alimentar En La Región Central De Brasil

We investigated food patterns in the diet composition of 452 specimens of Crotalus durissus from Central Brazil. Thirty-three items were recorded corresponding to four categories: rodents (75.76%), marsupials (6.06%), unidentified mammals (9.09%) and reptiles (9.09%). Adults of both sexes and some juveniles feed mostly on mammals, specifically rodents, it is the most active and abundant prey throughout the year mainly in areas from Cerrado. In addition, we observed that in C. durissus there is a trend in the diet of females could be more diverse, maybe this can be associated to sexual differences involving different strategies of the feeding biology of this rattlesnake. © 2016, Universidade Estadual de Campinas UNICAMP. All rights reserved.1631

A low-cost sensor system installed in buses to monitor air quality in cities

Air pollution is an important source of morbidity and mortality. It is essential to understand to what levels of air pollution citizens are exposed, especially in urban areas. Low-cost sensors are an easy-to-use option to obtain real-time air quality (AQ) data, provided that they go through specific quality control procedures. This paper evaluates the reliability of the ExpoLIS system. This system is composed of sensor nodes installed in buses, and a Health Optimal Routing Service App to inform the commuters about their exposure, dose, and the transport’s emissions. A sensor node, including a particulate matter (PM) sensor (Alphasense OPC-N3), was evaluated in laboratory conditions and at an AQ monitoring station. In laboratory conditions (approximately constant temperature and humidity conditions), the PM sensor obtained excellent correlations (R2≈1) against the reference equipment. At the monitoring station, the OPC-N3 showed considerable data dispersion. After several corrections based on the k-Köhler theory and Multiple Regression Analysis, the deviation was reduced and the correlation with the reference improved. Finally, the ExpoLIS system was installed, leading to the production of AQ maps with high spatial and temporal resolution, and to the demonstration of the Health Optimal Routing Service App as a valuable tool.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Influence of cone-beam computed tomography image artifacts on the determination of dental arch measurements

Objective: To compare dental plaster model (DPM) and cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) in the measurement of the dental arches, and investigate whether CBCT image artifacts compromise the reliability of such measurements. Materials and Methods: Twenty patients were divided into two groups based on the presence or absence of metallic restorations in the posterior teeth. Both dental arches of the patients were scanned with the CBCT unit i-CAT, and DPMs were obtained. Two examiners obtained eight arch measurements on the CBCT images and DPMs and repeated this procedure 15 days later. The arch measurements of each patient group were compared separately by the Wilcoxon rank sum (Mann-Whitney U) test, with a significance level of 5% (alpha = .05). Intraclass correlation measured the level of intraobserver agreement. Results: Patients with healthy teeth showed no significant difference between all DPM and CBCT arch measurements (P > .05). Patients with metallic restoration showed significant difference between DPM and CBCT for the majority of the arch measurements (P > .05). The two examiners showed excellent intraobserver agreement for both measuring methods with intraclass correlation coefficient higher than 0.95. Conclusion: CBCT provided the same accuracy as DPM in the measurement of the dental arches, and was negatively influenced by the presence of image artifacts.To compare dental plaster model (DPM) and cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) in the measurement of the dental arches, and investigate whether CBCT image artifacts compromise the reliability of such measurements. Twenty patients were divided into two gro842274278sem informaçãosem informaçã

Image Quality In Partially Erased Denoptix® Storage Phosphor Plates

This study aimed at investigating the effect of the partial erasing of DenOptix® system storage phosphor plates on the image quality of digital radiographs. Standardized digital radiographs were acquired of a phantom mandible, using size 2 intraoral DenOptix® storage phosphor plates (n = 10). Subsequently, the active areas of the plates were placed in a viewing box with a constant light intensity of 1,700 lux for 130 seconds to achieve complete erasing (control plate), as well as for 0, 5, 10, 1S, 20, 25, 34, 66, and 98 seconds, to compose the experimental group of partially erased plates. The same exposure settings were repeated using the control and experimental plates, which were scanned at a resolution of 300 dpi. Five radiologists independently examined the pairs of digital radiographs obtained with the control and partially erased plates, in random order, and indicated the best image for oral diagnosis. Cochran-Mantel-Haenszel's chi-square test, at a significance level of 5%, was used to compare the percentages of superior quality images in each combination of control and partially erased plates, subjectively assessed. No significant differences were found between radiographic images acquired with control and partially erased plates, except for the combination of 0 second (30%) versus 130 seconds (70%), p = 0.0047. It can be concluded that, under adequate light intensity conditions, erasing intraoral DenOptix® storage phosphor plates may require time intervals of as little as 5 seconds.2217883Akdeniz, B.G., Gröndahl, H.G., Kose, T., Effect of delayed scanning of storage phosphor plates (2005) Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol Endod, 99 (5), pp. 603-607Akdeniz, B.G., Gröndahl, H.G., Degradation of storage phosphor images due to scanning delay (2006) Dentomaxillofac Radiol, 35 (2), pp. 74-77Almeida, S.M., Oliveira, A.E.F., Ferreira, R.I., Bóscolo, F.N., Image quality in digital radiographic systems (2003) Braz Dent J, 14 (2), pp. 136-141Borg, E., Attaelmanan, A., Gröndahl, H.G., Subjective image quality of solid-state and photostimulable phosphor systems for digital intra-oral radiography (2000) Dentomaxillofac Radiol, 29 (2), pp. 70-75Ferreira, R.I., Haiter-Neto, F., Tabchoury, C.P.M., Paiva, G.A.N., Bóscolo, F.N., Assessment of enamel demineralization using conventional, digital, and digitized radiography (2006) Braz Oral Res, 20 (2), pp. 114-119Wenzel, A., Gröndahl, H.G., Direct digital radiography in the dental office (1995) Int Dent J, 45 (1), pp. 27-34Oliveira, A.E., Almeida, S.M., Paganini, G.A., Haiter Neto, F., Bóscolo, F.N., Comparative study of two digjtal radiographic storage phosphor systems (2000) Braz Dent J, 11 (2), pp. 111-116Borg, E., Attaelmanan, A., Gröndahl, H.G., Image plate systems differ in physical performance (2000) Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol Endod, 89 (1), pp. 118-124Martins, M.G.B.Q., Haiter Neto, F., Whaites, E.J., Analysis of digital images acquired using different phosphor storage plates (PSPs) subjected to varying reading times and storage conditions (2003) Dentomaxillofac Radiol, 32 (3), pp. 186-190(1998) DenOptix digital imaging system - user manual and installation guide, , Gendex Dental X-Ray Division, Des Plaines: The Division;Menig, J.J., The DenOptix digital radiographic system (1999) J Clin Orthod, 33 (7), pp. 407-410Berkhout WE, Beuger DA, Sanderink GC, van der Stelt PF. The dynamic range of digital radiographic systems: dose reduction or risk of overexposure? Dentomaxillofac Radiol. 2004;33(1):1-SHildebolt, C.F., Couture, R.A., Whiting, B.R., Dental photostimulable phosphor radiography (2000) Dent Clin North Am, 44 (2), pp. 273-297Martins, M.G.B.Q., Whaites, E.J., Ambrosano, G.M.B., Haiter Neto, F., What happens if you delay scanning Digora phosphor storage plates (PSPs) for up to 4 hours? (2006) Dentomaxillofac Radiol, 35 (3), pp. 143-146Gröndahl, H.G., Wenzel, A., Borg, E., Tammisalo, E., An image plate system for digital intra-oral radiography (1996) Dent Update, 23 (8), pp. 334-33

Diagnosis Of Secondary Caries In Esthetic Restorations: Influence Of The Incidence Vertical Angle Of The X-ray Beam

The aim of this study was to evaluate the accuracy on the diagnosis of secondary caries-like lesions simulated on esthetic restorations of different materials, changing the incidence vertical angle (IVA) of the x-ray beam. Twenty human teeth received MOD inlay preparations. In the experimental group (n=10), a round cavity was made in the floor of the proximal box to simulate the caries-like lesion. All teeth were restored with 3 composite resins (Charisma, Filtek-Z250 and TPH-Spectrum) at 3 moments. Two radiographic images were acquired with 0° and 10° IVA. Ten observers evaluated the images using a 5-point confidence scale. Intra- and interobserver reliability was analyzed with the Interclass Correlation Coefficient and the diagnostic accuracy was evaluated using the area under the ROC curve (Az), Friedman test and Wilcoxon test (α=0.05). Higher accuracy values were obtained with 10° IVA (Az=0.66, Filtek- Z250>Az=0.56, TPH-Spectrum) compared to 0° (Az=0.55, Charisma>Az=0.37, TPH-Spectrum), though without statistically significant difference (p>0.05). The detection of secondary caries-like lesions simulated on esthetic restorations of different materials suffered no negative influence by changing the IVA of the x-ray beam.222129133Levin, L., Coval, M., Geiger, S.B., Cross-sectional radiographic survey of amalgam and resin-based composite posterior restorations (2007) Quintessence Int, 38, pp. 511-514Haak, R., Wicht, M.J., Hellmich, M., Noack, M.J., Detection of marginal defects of composite restorations with conventional and digital radiographs (2002) Eur J Oral Sci, 110, pp. 282-286Kirkevang, L.L., Vaeth, M., Wenzel, A., Prevalence and incidence of caries lesions in relation to placement and replacement of fillings: A longitudinal observational radiographic study of an adult Danish population (2009) Caries Res, 43, pp. 286-293Newman, B., Seow, W.K., Kazoullis, S., Ford, D., Holcombe, T., Clinical detection of caries in the primary dentition with and without bitewing radiography (2009) Austr Dent J, 54, pp. 23-30Anbiaee, N., Mohassel, A.R., Imanimoghaddam, M., Moazzami, S.M., A comparison of the accuracy of digital and conventional radiography in the diagnosis of recurrent caries (2010) Contemp Dent Pract, 11, pp. 25-32Nair, M.K., Tyndall, D.A., Ludlow, J.B., May, K., Ye, F., The effects of restorative material and location on the detection of simulated recurrent caries. A comparison of dental film, direct digital radiography and tuned aperture computed tomography (1998) Dentomaxillofac Radiol, 27, pp. 80-84van der Stelt, P.F., Ruttiman, U.E., Webber, R.L., Heemstra, P., In vitro study into the influence from x-ray beam angulation on the detection of artificial caries defects on interproximal radiographs (1989) Caries Res, 23, pp. 334-341Tveit, A.B., Espelid, I., Erickson, R.L., Glasspoole, E.A., Vertical angulation from X-ray beam and radiographic diagnosis of secondary caries (1991) Community Dent Oral Epidemiol, 19, pp. 333-335Akarslan, Z.Z., Akdevelioǧlu, M., Güngör, K., Erten, H., A comparison of the diagnostic accuracy of bitewing, periapical, unfiltered and filtered digital panoramic images for approximal caries detection in posterior teeth (2008) Dentomaxillofac Radiol, 37, pp. 458-463Sabbagh, J., Vreven, J., Leloup, G., Radiopacity of resin-based materials measured in film radiographs and storage phosphor plate (Digora) (2004) Oper Dent, 29, pp. 677-684Dental resin based restorative materials, 6 (10), pp. 1985-1985. , ISO:DP 4049, International standards organization (Draft Proposal), clauseMagalhães, C.S., Freitas, A.B., Moreira, A.N., Ferreira, E.F., Validity of staining and marginal ditching as criteria for diagnosis of secondary caries around occlusal amalgam restorations: An in vitro study (2009) Braz Dent J, 20, pp. 307-313Ergücü, Z., Türkün, L.S., Onem, E., Güneri, P., Comparative radiopacity of six flowable resin composites (2010) Oper Dent, 35, pp. 436-440Lasko, T.A., Bhagwat, J.G., Zou, K.H., Ohno-Machado, L., The use of receiver operating characteristic curves in biomedical informatics (2005) J Biomed Inform, 38, pp. 404-415Diniz, M.B., Rodrigues, J.A., Neuhaus, K.W., Cordeiro, R.C., Lussi, A., Influence of examiner's clinical experience on the reproducibility and accuracy of radiographic examination in detecting occlusal caries (2010) Clin Oral Investig, 14, pp. 515-523Zoellner, A., Diemer, B., Weber, H.P., Stassinakis, A., Gaengler, P., Histologic and radiographic assessment of caries-like lesions localized at the crown margin (2002) J Prosthet Dent, 88, pp. 54-59Ferreira, R.I., Haiter-Neto, F., Tabchoury, C.P., de Paiva, G.A., Bóscolo, F.N., Assessment of enamel demineralization using conventional, digital, and digitized radiography (2006) Braz Oral Res, 20, pp. 114-119Peker, I., Toraman Alkurt, M., Altunkaynak, B., Film tomography compared with film and digital bitewing radiography for proximal caries detection (2007) Dentomaxillofac Radiol, 36, pp. 495-49

Teleportation of a Zero-and One-photon Running Wave State by Projection Synthesis

We show how to teleport a running wave superposition of zero- and one-photon field state through the projection synthesis technique. The fidelity of the scheme is computed taking into account the noise introduced by dissipation and the efficiency of the detectors. These error sources have been introduced through a single general relationship between input and output operators.Comment: 11 pages, 1 figur

Equations for filling factor estimation in opal matrix

We consider two equations for the filling factor estimation of infiltrated zinc oxide (ZnO) in silica (SiO_2) opal and gallium nitride in ZnO opal. The first equation is based on the effective medium approximation, while the second one - on Maxwell-Garnett approximation. The comparison between two filling factors shows that both equations can be equally used for the estimation of the quantity of infiltrated nanocrystals inside opal matrix.Comment: 14 pages, 7 figures, 1 table. Addendum to the article: http://arxiv.org/abs/physics/050815

Sensitometric Comparisons Of Insight And Ektaspeed Plus Films: Effects Of Chemical Developer Depletion

The aim of this study was to compare the sensitometric properties of Insight and Ektaspeed Plus radiographic films manually and automatically processed using fresh and depleted chemical solutions. Ten sets of each type of film were obtained (1 set = 5 films), 5 sets being manually processed and 5 sets being automatically processed. A total of 100 films (50 Ektaspeed Plus and 50 Insight film) were exposed and developed. The first two sets of each film type were developed in fresh chemicals (one set per each type of processing), on the first day of the experiment. The other sets were processed in the same progressively depleted solutions once a week until the end of experiment, which was completed within 4 weeks. Characteristic curves were constructed to compare the sensitometric properties of the films: contrast, latitude and speed. Processing solution depletion had different effects on manually and automatically developed films, which was confirmed by the changes in the form of the characteristic curves in the third week of the automatic processing and fourth week of the manual processing. Ektaspeed Plus showed 11% reduction in contrast values for manual processing and 53% for automatic processing, while Insight contrast values showed a reduction of 25% and 59%, respectively. Insight film, however, showed lesser loss of speed and lesser increase of latitude than Ektaspeed Plus. In conclusion, chemical depletion in automatic film processing was faster than in manual developing. In depleted chemicals, both types of films had an increase in latitude values and a decrease in speed and contrast. Insight was more resistant than Ektaspeed Plus to decrease in speed and latitude when processed using older chemicals, whereas contrast in Ektaspeed Plus was comparatively more stable.172149154Syriopoulos, K., Velders, X.L., Sanderink, G.C.H., van Ginkel, F.V., van der Selt, P.F., Sensitometric evaluation of four dental x-ray films using five processing solutions (1999) Dentomaxillofac Radiol, 28, pp. 73-79Tamburus, J.R., Lavrador, M.A.S., Radiographic contrast. A comparative study of three dental X-ray films (2001) Dentomaxillofac Radiol, 26, pp. 201-205Geist, J.R., Brand, J.W., Sensitometric comparison of speed group E and F dental radiographic films (2001) Dentomaxillofac Radiol, 30, pp. 147-152ISO 5799. Photography. Direct-exposing medical and dental radiographic film/process systems (1991) Determination of ISO speed and ISO average gradient, , International Organization for Standardization, 2nd ed. Geneva: ISO;Thunthy, K.H., Weinberg, R., Effects of developer exhaustion on Kodak Ektaspeed Plus, Ektaspeed and Ultra-speed dental films (1995) Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol, 79, pp. 117-121Syriopoulos, K., Velders, X.L., Sanderink, G.C.H., van der Selt, P.F., Sensitometric and clinical evaluation of a new F-speed dental X-ray film (2001) Dentomaxillofac Radiol, 30, pp. 40-44White, S.C., Pharoah, M.J., (2000) Oral radiology, principles and interpretation, , 4th ed. Mosby: St Louis;ISO 3665. Photography. Intra-oral dental radiographic film (1996) Specification, , International Organization for Standardization, 2nd ed. Geneva: ISO;Ludlow, J.B., Platin, E., Densitometric comparisons of Ultraspeed, Ektaspeed, Ektaspeed Plus intraoral films for two processing conditions (1995) Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol Endod, 79, pp. 105-113Syriopoulos, K., Velders, X.L., Sanderink, G.C.H., van Ginkel, F.V., van der Selt, P.F., Effects of developer exhaustion on the sensitometric properties of four dental films (1999) Dentomaxillofac Radiol, 28, pp. 80-88Ludlow, J.B., Platin, E., Mol, A., Characteristics of Kodak Insight, an F-speed intraoral film (2001) Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol Endod, 91, pp. 120-129Casanova, M.L.S., Haiter-Neto, F., Effects of developer depletion on image quality of Kodak Insight and Ektaspeed Plus films (2004) Dentomaxillofac Radiol, 33, pp. 108-113Fletcher, J.C., A comparison of Ektaspeed and Ultraspeed films using manual and automatic processing solutions (1987) Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol, 63, pp. 94-102Sposto, M.R., Tavano, O., Lopes, E.S., Sensitometric study of two developers (Kodak and Silib) for radiographic periapical dental films (1983) Estomatol Cult, 13, pp. 61-67Ribeiro, R.F., Tavano, O., Evaluation of the exhaustion of the Ray developing solution in the portable processing box (1993) Braz Oral Res (formely Rev Odontol Univ São Paulo), 7, pp. 167-171Ribeiro, A., Tavano, O., Iucif Pereira, P.P., Comparative study of Hexa solution and its degradation by sensitometric method (1994) J Appl Oral Sci (formely Rev Fac Odontol Bauru), 2, pp. 68-73Price, C., Sensitometric evaluation of a new F-speed dental radiographic film (2001) Dentomaxillofac Radiol, 30, pp. 29-34Sheaffer, J.C., Eleazer, P.D., Scheetz, J.P., Clark, J., Farman, A.G., A comparison of D-, E- and F-speed conventional intraoral radiographic films in endodontic measurement (2002) Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol Endod, 93, pp. 337-34

Decoherence in trapped ions due to polarization of the residual background gas

We investigate the mechanism of damping and heating of trapped ions associated with the polarization of the residual background gas induced by the oscillating ions themselves. Reasoning by analogy with the physics of surface electrons in liquid helium, we demonstrate that the decay of Rabi oscillations observed in experiments on 9Be+ can be attributed to the polarization phenomena investigated here. The measured sensitivity of the damping of Rabi oscillations with respect to the vibrational quantum number of a trapped ion is also predicted in our polarization model.Comment: 26 pdf pages with 5 figures, http://www.df.ufscar.br/~quantum

TeV-scale seesaw from a multi-Higgs model

We suggest new simple model of generating tiny neutrino masses through a TeV-scale seesaw mechanism without requiring tiny Yukawa couplings. This model is a simple extension of the standard model by introducing extra one Higgs singlet, and one Higgs doublet with a tiny vacuum expectation value. Experimental constraints, electroweak precision data and no large flavor changing neutral currents, are satisfied since the extra doublet only has a Yukawa interaction with lepton doublets and right-handed neutrinos, and their masses are heavy of order a TeV-scale. Since active light neutrinos are Majorana particles, this model predicts a neutrinoless double beta decay.Comment: 21 pages, 8 figure