Anàlisi territorial de la preinscripció al sistema universitari públic de Catalunya. L’efecte distància–temps des del domicili habitual en l’elecció de centre i estudi.

[cat] La mobilitat obligada per raó d'estudi analitza els desplaçaments dels alumnes entre el seu lloc de residencia i el lloc d'estudi en qualsevol de les etapes educatives, des dels ensenyaments primaris obligatoris fins als superiors. En aquest sentit, doncs, el fenomen de la mobilitat es consubstancial a la mateixa universitat ja des dels seus inicis esdevenint avui un fenomen complex fent-se necessari, per entendre'I en tota la seva magnitud, identificar-ne tant els diferents actors que hi intervenen com les diferents escales geogràfiques que abasta, el mare formal en el que es desenvolupa i la seva direccionalitat. En aquest context, l'objectiu principal que persegueix aquesta recerca es el d'esbrinar els criteris i patrons que determinen l'elecció de centre i estudi per part dels estudiants residents a Catalunya que accedeixen per primer cop a l'oferta de titulacions de les universitats catalanes que participen del procés de preinscripció (UB, UAB, UPC, UPF, Udl, UdG, URV i UVic) tot confeccionant un mapa de fluxos de la mobilitat d'aquest col·lectiu al llarg del per1ode que abasta del curs 2000-01 al 2013-14 per a, tal vegada, obtenir orientacions sobre el seu comportament futur. D'aquesta manera, emprant com a font principal de dades els fitxers del sistema UNEIX sobre els estudiants matriculats de nou accés en cadascuna d'aquestes universitats per a cada any acadèmic analitzat i a partir de la comarca d'origen d'aquest estudiantat (aquella on tenen establert el seu domicili habitual, generalment el familiar) s'han determinat en primer lloc l'àrea d'influència i de captació d'aquestes institucions per tal d'esbrinar quina es la seva presencia i pes específic en el territori i, en segon terme, s'han identificat tres dinàmiques de comportament dels estudiant a l'hora d'escollir centre i estudi segons sigui la distancia que separa aquest domicili de la ubicació de l'oferta universitària. Tot plegat, pretén resoldre el problema que planteja el desconeixement existent en l'actualitat de les relacions complexes que s'estableixen entre la selecció d'estudis universitaris i centre amb les xarxes de transport i la mobilitat induïda dels estudiants del sistema universitari de Catalunya.[eng] Mobility forced by study reasons analyses the students' travels between their place of residence and the study location in any of the formative stages: from mandatory elementary studies to higher education. In this sense, the mobility phenomenon is consubstantial to university itself from the very start, currently growing up to be a complex phenomenon. In order to be able to understand it to its fullest, it is then necessary to identify the various actors participating in it, the different geographical scales reached, as well as the formal framework in which it is carried out, and its directionality.In this contex the main objective of this research is to find out the criteria and patterns that prompt the choice of centre and studies by the students residing in Catalonia accessing for the very first time the degree's offer from the Catalan universities taking part of the pre­ registration process (UB, UAB, UPC, UPF, Udl , UdG, URV and UVic), by composing a flow map of this collective's mobility within the period covering the academic years 2000/01 to 2013/ 14, so as to perhaps obtain orientations on their future behaviour.In this way, and by using as a primary source the data from the UNEIX system files on freshman students, sorted by each of the aforementioned universities and academic year, and based on the county of origin of this student body (the one where their permanent address is estabilshed, generally this being the home address), the following has been determined: first, these institutions' influence and acquisition area in order to find out their actual presence and specific weight within the territory; and, second, three students' behaviour dynamics regarding their centre and studies choice, depending on the distance separating their place of residence and the location of the university offer.All of that hopes to solve the problem resulting from the currently existing ignorance on the complex relations established vis a vis the university studies and centre selection, and the transport network and induced mobility of the Catalan university system's students

Etude de l'organisation du système de sécrétion de type IV de Brucella et de son implication dans la sécrétion d'une nouvelle protèine SvpA par la technique de double hybride

MONTPELLIER-BU Pharmacie (341722105) / SudocSudocFranceF

Valeur pronostique du NT-proBNP plasmatique au cours du choc septique

AIX-MARSEILLE2-BU Méd/Odontol. (130552103) / SudocPARIS-BIUM (751062103) / SudocSudocFranceF

Comments on morelli et al.. extracorporeal carbon dioxide removal (ECCO2R) in patients with acute respiratory failure

Comment on Extracorporeal carbon dioxide removal (ECCO2R) in patients with acute respiratory failure. [Intensive Care Med. 2017

Microbiogical data, but not procalcitonin improve the accuracy of the clinical pulmonary infection score

International audienc

Human Stool Preservation Impacts Taxonomic Profiles in 16S Metagenomics Studies

International audienceMicrobiotas play critical roles in human health, yet in most cases scientists lack standardized and reproducible methods from collection and preservation of samples, as well as the choice of omic analysis, up to the data processing. To date, stool sample preservation remains a source of technological bias in metagenomic sequencing, despite newly developed storage solutions. Here, we conducted a comparative study of 10 storage methods for human stool over a 14-day period of storage at fluctuating temperatures. We first compared the performance of each stabilizer with observed bacterial composition variation within the same specimen. Then, we identified the nature of the observed variations to determine which bacterial populations were more impacted by the stabilizer. We found that DNA stabilizers display various stabilizing efficacies and affect the recovered bacterial profiles thus highlighting that some solutions are more performant in preserving the true gut microbial community. Furthermore, our results showed that the bias associated with the stabilizers can be linked to the phenotypical traits of the bacterial populations present in the studied samples. Although newly developed storage solutions have improved our capacity to stabilize stool microbial content over time, they are nevertheless not devoid of biases hence requiring the implantation of standard operating procedures. Acknowledging the biases and limitations of the implemented method is key to better interpret and support true associated microbiome patterns that will then lead us towards personalized medicine, in which the microbiota profile could constitute a reliable tool for clinical practice

Transforming Growth Factor-β1 in predicting early lung fibroproliferation in patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome.

BACKGROUND:Fibroproliferative repair phase of the acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) is followed by a restitutio ad integrum of lung parenchyma or by an irreversible lung fibrosis and patients' death. Transforming Growth Factor-β1 (TGF-β1) is involved in collagen production and lung repair. We investigated whether alveolar TGF-β1 was associated with the presence of fibroproliferation and the outcome of ARDS patients. METHODS:Sixty-two patients were included the first day of moderate-to-severe ARDS. Bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) was collected at day 3 (and day 7 when the patients were still receiving invasive mechanical ventilation) from the onset of ARDS. Survival was evaluated at day 60. TGF-β1 was measured by immunoassay. The patients were classified as having lung fibroproliferation when the alveolar N-terminal peptide for type III procollagen (NT-PCP-III) measured on day 3 was > 9 μg/L as recently reported. The main objective of this study was to compare the alveolar levels of total TGF-β1 according to the presence or not a lung fibroproliferation at day 3. RESULTS:Forty-three patients (30.6%) presented a fibroproliferation at day 3. BALF levels of total TGF-β1 were not statistically different at day 3 (and at day 7) according to the presence or not lung fibroproliferation. Mortality at day 60 was higher in the group of patients with fibroproliferation as compared with patients with no fibroproliferation (68.4% vs. 18.6% respectively; p < 0.001). Total TGF-β1 measured on BALF at day 3 was not associated with the outcome. Multiple logistic regression showed that the presence of lung fibroproliferation was associated with death. In contrast, TGF-β1 was not independently associated with death. CONCLUSIONS:Pulmonary levels of TGF-β1 during the first week of ARDS were not associated nor with the presence of fibroproliferation neither with death. TGF-β1 should not be used as a biomarker to direct anti-fibrotic therapies

The Association of Low CD4 Expression on Monocytes and Low CD8+ T-Cell Count at Hospital Admission Predicts the Need for Mechanical Ventilation in Patients With COVID-19 Pneumonia: A Prospective Monocentric Cohort Study

OBJECTIVES:. To identify COVID-19-associated immunophenotyping patterns at hospital admission and to determine if some patterns could predict the need for mechanical ventilation (MV). DESIGN:. Prospective observational monocentric cohort study. SETTING:. A university-affiliated hospital in Marseille, France. PATIENTS:. Thirty patients presenting with laboratory-confirmed COVID-19 pneumonia were enrolled within the first 48 hours of hospital admission and compared with 18 healthy controls. INTERVENTIONS:. None. MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS:. Whole-blood leukocytes were immunophenotyped with a rapid and simplified one-step flow cytometry method. Thirty-eight immune and five laboratory parameters were compared first between COVID-19 patients and controls and then between the COVID-19 patients who received or not MV during their stays. The variables that significantly discriminated MV from non-MV patients in univariate analysis were entered into a multiple stepwise logistic regression analysis. The COVID-19 patients were predominantly male (87%), aged 61 years (50–71 yr), and 93% received early corticosteroid therapy. Sixteen patients (53%) were managed with noninvasive respiratory support, and 14 (47%) required MV. Compared with controls, COVID-19 patients were characterized by an immune signature featuring: 1) decreased HLA-DR expression on monocytes; 2) reduced basophils, eosinophils, T-cells, NK cells, and nonclassical monocyte count; and 3) up regulation of CD169 on monocytes, CD64 on neutrophils, the adhesion/migration markers (CD62L and CD11b), and the checkpoint inhibitor CD274 on myeloid cells. Among the COVID-19 patients, those who received MV had lower level of CD4 and HLA-DR on monocytes, lower CD8+ T-cell count, and higher lactate dehydrogenase at hospital admission. In multivariate analysis, only CD4 on monocytes (p = 0.032) and CD8+ T-cell count (p = 0.026) were associated with MV requirement. The model combining these two variables provided an area under curve of 0.97 (95% CI, 0.83–0.99). CONCLUSIONS:. The association of low CD4 on monocytes and low CD8+ T-cell count at hospital admission was highly predictive of the need for MV in hospitalized patients with COVID-19 pneumonia