Activities stimulant betel nut extract (Areca catechu L.) on the improvement of physical activity

Pinang is one plant that is trusted by the public as increase stamina enhancing drugs. From several studies have shown to have a stimulant effect on animal experiments. This study aims to determine the effect of the stimulant betel nut extracts to increase student physical activity. This study is a purely experimental design was complete random with a one-way pattern. Sixteen students (male) were divided into two groups in which the group A and group B using the daily use of two days. Students are requested activity up and down the bench (Harvard Step Test) for 5 minutes and measured the time it takes students as well as the pulse of students per 30 seconds in the first minute (DN 1) second (DN 2) and third (DN 3) to obtain the value Agency Capability Index (IKB) students. Betel nut extract along with the filler material input into the capsules so that each capsule contains 270 mg. Betel nut extract capsules given one time a day for groups A and 1 times a day for 2 days for group B. IKB Data from each group of students who consumption preparations were analyzed by T test results showed that the betel nut extract (Areca catechu L.) can increase the activity of students and administration 1 day and 2 days of betel nut extract affects the physical activity of students

Effect of Elephantopus Scaber Linn. leaf extract on mouse immune system

Purpose: To investigate the effect of Elephantopus Scaber Linn. ethanol extract on mouse immune system based on macrophage phagocytic activity and capacity, total leukocyte count, and distribution of each type of leukocyte. Methods: Twenty male mice were randomly assigned to four groups. Group I (control) received sodium carboxy methyl cellulose (Na-CMC), 0.5 %). Groups II, III, and IV were dosed orally with 10, 30, and 100 mg/kg ethanol E. scaber leaf extract, respectively, for 7 consecutive days. On the 8th day, a suspension of Staphylococcus aureus was injected intraperitoneally, and macrophage activity and capacity as well as leukocyte count were then measured using a counting chamber device (hemocytometer) and a 400 x microscope. Results: The effect of the leaf extract at doses of 10, 30, and 100 mg/kg was increase in macrophage activity by 46.25, 54, and 65 %, and macrophage capacity by 95.8, 105.4 and 125.8 cell/100 macrophage, respectively; total leukocyte count was 10790, 12360, and 15230 cells/µl, respectively, and lymphocyte was 34.4, 34.6, and 36 %. Thus, the leaf extract significantly increased macrophage activity and capacity, as well as segmented neutrophils, and mice total leukocyte counts (p < 0.05). Conclusion: Ethanol extract of E scaber leaf extract increases macrophage activity and capacity, as well as total leukocyte count in mouse; therefore, this extract may provide a highly effective approach for boosting immunity

Penyesuaian dosis obat pada pasien penyakit ginjal kronis serta hubungannya dengan outcome terapi

Salah satu strategi pemberian obat pada pasien penyakit ginjal kronis (PGK) dapat dilakukan dengan penyesuaian dosis obat untuk memastikan outcome terapi yang optimal. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengetahui hubungan penyesuaian dosis obat dengan outcome terapi pada pasien PGK rawat inap. Penelitian ini bersifat observational dengan desain cross sectional. Teknik pengambilan sampel menggunakan teknik purposive sampling. Sebanyak 73 rekam medis pasien PGK rawat inap periode Januari-Desember 2022 di RSUD Padangsidimpuan. Penyesuaian dosis dihitung berdasarkan fungsi ginjal dengan estimasi GFR (Glomerular Filtration Rate) menggunakan formula Chronic Kidney Disease Epidemiology Collaboration (CKD-epi). Hubungan antara penyesuaian dosis dengan outcome terapi obat menggunakan analisis Chi-Square. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan terdapat 655 obat yang diresepkan, 271 ( 41,4%) obat membutuhkan penyesuaian dosis, di mana 142 (52.4%) obat diberikan dengan penyesuaian dosis dan 129 (47.6%) obat diberikan tanpa penyesuaian dosis. Dari analisis outcome terapi yang dilakukan, terdapat 72 (73,5%) obat diberikan dengan penyesuaian dosis, 56 (77,8%) obat memberikan outcome terapi membaik dan 16 (22,2%) obat memberikan outcome terapi tidak membaik. Sedangkan 26 (26,5%) obat diberi tanpa penyesuaian dosis terdapat 11 (42,3%) obat memberikan outcome terapi membaik dan 14 (53,8%) obat memberikan outcome terapi tidak membaik. Terdapat hubungan yang signifikan antara penyesuaian dosis obat dengan outcome terapi pada pasien PGK rawat inap (p=0,003)

UJI IMUNOMODULATOR BEBERAPA SUBFRAKSI EKSTRAK ETIL ASETAT MENIRAN (Phyllanthus niruri [L]) PADA MENCIT PUTIH JANTAN DENGAN METODA CARBON CLEARANCE

Meniran has scientific name Phyllanthus niruri L..It uses to increase imun system of human body. Nonspecific of Imun system is first defendent to protect human body from microorganism, because it gives direct respon to antigen then it will destroy bacteria with phagocytosis process. Meniran extract is known can obstruct xanthin oksidase invitro, protect hepatocyte cell of liver from carbon tetrachloride and cytotoxity that induction with galaktosamin. To determined imunomodulator activity of some ethyl acetat extract subfraction of meniran (Phyllanthus niruri [L.]). Some ethyl acetat extract subfraction of meniran (Phyllanthus niruri [L.]) administered orally with single dose 100 mg/kg BB for eight group of subfraction and Tween 80 1% as control for 6 days. After 6 days subfractions have been conducted in white male mice with carbon clearance method. A value of Index Phagocytosis (IF) 1 has imunostimulant activity. The increasing of phagositosis index with carbon clearance method showed the effect from each group of subfraction with control was unsignificant (P>0,05). The incerasing of leucocyte cell component especially for limfosit cell, eusinofil, and segmen neutrofil was significant for each group of subfraction (P0,05). The increasing of spleen limfosit cell showed optimal effect in subfraction number three (P<0,05). The third ethyl acetat extract subfraction of meniran was the best of imunostimulant than other subfractions. Keywords: Phyllanthus niruri L., Imunostimulant Effect, Ethyl Acetat, Carbon Clearance metho