Fungal systematics and evolution : FUSE 6

Fungal Systematics and Evolution (FUSE) is one of the journal series to address the “fusion” between morphological data and molecular phylogenetic data and to describe new fungal taxa and interesting observations. This paper is the 6th contribution in the FUSE series—presenting one new genus, twelve new species, twelve new country records, and three new combinations. The new genus is: Pseudozeugandromyces (Laboulbeniomycetes, Laboulbeniales). The new species are: Albatrellopsis flettioides from Pakistan, Aureoboletus garciae from Mexico, Entomophila canadense from Canada, E. frigidum from Sweden, E. porphyroleucum from Vietnam, Erythrophylloporus flammans from Vietnam, Marasmiellus boreoorientalis from Kamchatka Peninsula in the Russian Far East, Marasmiellus longistipes from Pakistan, Pseudozeugandromyces tachypori on Tachyporus pusillus (Coleoptera, Staphylinidae) from Belgium, Robillarda sohagensis from Egypt, Trechispora hondurensis from Honduras, and Tricholoma kenanii from Turkey. The new records are: Arthrorhynchus eucampsipodae on Eucampsipoda africanum (Diptera, Nycteribiidae) from Rwanda and South Africa, and on Nycteribia vexata (Diptera, Nycteribiidae) from Bulgaria; A. nycteribiae on Eucampsipoda africanum from South Africa, on Penicillidia conspicua (Diptera, Nycteribiidae) from Bulgaria (the first undoubtful country record), and on Penicillidia pachymela from Tanzania; Calvatia lilacina from Pakistan; Entoloma shangdongense from Pakistan; Erysiphe quercicola on Ziziphus jujuba (Rosales, Rhamnaceae) and E. urticae on Urtica dioica (Rosales, Urticaceae) from Pakistan; Fanniomyces ceratophorus on Fannia canicularis (Diptera, Faniidae) from the Netherlands; Marasmiellus biformis and M. subnuda from Pakistan; Morchella anatolica from Turkey; Ophiocordyceps ditmarii on Vespula vulgaris (Hymenoptera, Vespidae) from Austria; and Parvacoccum pini on Pinus cembra (Pinales, Pinaceae) from Austria. The new combinations are: Appendiculina gregaria, A. scaptomyzae, and Marasmiellus rodhallii. Analysis of an LSU dataset of Arthrorhynchus including isolates of A. eucampsipodae from Eucampsipoda africanum and Nycteribia spp. hosts, revealed that this taxon is a complex of multiple species segregated by host genus. Analysis of an SSU–LSU dataset of Laboulbeniomycetes sequences revealed support for the recognition of four monophyletic genera within Stigmatomyces sensu lato: Appendiculina, Fanniomyces, Gloeandromyces, and Stigmatomyces sensu stricto. Finally, phylogenetic analyses of Rhytismataceae based on ITS–LSU ribosomal DNA resulted in a close relationship of Parvacoccum pini with Coccomyces strobi.http://www.sydowia.at/index.htmpm2021Medical Virolog

Employing deep learning architectures for image-based automatic cataract diagnosis

Various eye diseases affect the quality of human life severely and ultimately may result in complete vision loss. Ocular diseases manifest themselves through mostly visual indicators in the early or mature stages of the disease by showing abnormalities in optics disc, fovea, or other descriptive anatomical structures of the eye. Cataract is among the most harmful diseases that affects millions of people and the leading cause of public vision impairment. It shows major visual symptoms that can be employed for early detection before the hypermature stage. Automatic diagnosis systems intend to assist ophthalmological experts by mitigating the burden of manual clinical decisions and on health care utilization. In this study, a diagnosis system based on color fundus images are addressed for cataract disease. Deep learning-based models were performed for the automatic identification of cataract diseases. Two pretrained robust architectures, namely VGGNet and DenseNet, were employed to detect abnormalities in descriptive parts of the human eye. The proposed system is implemented on a wide and unique dataset that includes diverse color retinal fundus images that are acquired comparatively in low-cost and common modality, which is considered a major contribution of the study. The dataset show symptoms of cataracts in different phases and represents the characteristics of the cataract. By the proposed system, dysfunction associated with cataracts could be identified in the early stage. The achievement of the proposed system is compared to various traditional and up-to-date classification systems. The proposed system achieves 97.94% diagnosis rate for cataract disease grading

Determining Relevant Features in Activity Recognition Via Wearable Sensors on the MYO Armband

The applications of wearable sensors in daily life are increasing day by day. The wearable sensor technologies provide a wide range of knowledge that can be utilized by human gesture/action systems. Although the electromyography (EMG) sensors, which are one of the most simple and effective wearable sensors, are usually employed in especially medical diagnosis, it holds a great amount of information (e.g., activity descriptors) regarding human activities. This study aims to evaluate the applicability of EMG signals in action recognition by identifying the relevant features of EMG signals alongside their commonly used properties. These (relevant) features are categorized into general basic statistical variables in time/frequency/aLBP/uniform aLBP domains, special statistical features in time and frequency domains, AR coefficients, and features in the wavelet domain. In order to evaluate and validate the applicability of EMG signal, a set of features is extracted from a wide range of datasets established by the authors of this paper in a way of describing distinct human actions (total of 132 distinct features). The study determines the dominant features for human action recognition systems by proposing a new wearable sensor-based methodology that exploits feature selection algorithms. Hence, the determination of the relevancy order of the features is one of the significant outcomes of this study. The results figure out that the most relevant ones are the metrics that detect fluctuations, i.e., a higher amount of entropy, belonging to the signal

Automatic diagnosis of cardiovascular disorders by sub images of the ECG signal using multi-feature extraction methods and randomized neural network

Electrocardiography has been employed successfully in medicine for many years to provide vital knowledge about the cardiovascular system. Although processing and evaluation of electrocardiogram (ECG) signals provide helpful information in the detection of anomalies in the vessel, diagnosis of heart defect, and treatment of diseases, multi-channel ECG signals have been started to be employed in order to achieve higher success. Utilizing a multi-channel ECG signal instead of a one-channel ECG signal yields more adequate achievements but require higher complexity in analysis and higher computational cost. To achieve faster and accurate results in multichannel ECG signals, an artificial intelligence-based automatic diagnosis system employing the texture features of two-dimensional images, which are constructed by projecting the ECG signal vector as a row of the image, is proposed. The hypothesis proposed in this study conjectures that these texture features in the images contain determinative indicators of various diseases (cardiovascular abnormalities/disturbance) even for the short-time intervals. Accordingly, the main contribution of this study is to expose that detection of cardiovascular defects can be done with the classical image texture methods by utilizing multi-channel biomedical signals in a sufficiently short-time-interval. The methodology has been implemented in different time intervals of a large dataset constructed from a diverse population that is labeled as one normal sinus rhythm type and eight abnormal types of ECG signals. The accuracy of this hypothesis has been proven by achieving high detection rates of identifying cardiac abnormalities and reduced the computational load of the processing system without any sacrificing accuracy

Donatısız Yığma Bina Örneklerinin 2019 Türkiye Bina Deprem Yönetmeliğine Göre Tasarımı ve Mevcut Bina Değerlendirmesi

2019 yılı başındayürürlüğe giren Türkiye Bina Deprem Yönetmeliği, yığma yapıların analizini vetasarımını konu alan bölümde oldukça kapsamlı değişiklikler ile birlikteyayımlanmıştır. İlgili bölüm artık donatısız yığma yapıların yanı sıra, donatıiçeren üç yeni yığma yapı türü için de tasarım esaslarını barındırmaktadır.Buna ilave olarak 2007 Deprem Yönetmeliğinde kullanılan emniyet gerilmesiyönteminin yerine, daha önce yönetmeliğin diğer bölümlerinde yer alan taşımagücü yöntemi bu yapılar için de kullanılmaya başlanmıştır. Bu yapı türlerinin depremhesabı için kullanılacak spektral ivme katsayısı ve deprem yükü azaltma faktörügibi önemli parametrelerle ilgili de birtakım değişiklikler yer almıştır. Sunulanbildiride Türkiye Bina Deprem Yönetmeliği TBDY-2019’un ilgili hükümlerideğerlendirilmiştir. Ayrıca bir önceki yönetmelik kurallarına göre tasarlanan vedeğerlendirilen yığma bina örneklerinin bu defa TBDY-2019 ile yeniden tasarımı vedeğerlendirmesi yapılarak, ulaşılan sonuçlar karşılaştırılmıştır. Değerlendirmesonucunda, TBDY-2019 yönetmelik kurallarına göre ivme değeri 0.10g düzeyiüzerindeki deprem kuvvetleri altında donatısız yığma bina tasarımı yapmanın,duvar kesitleri büyütülse bile, mümkün olmadığı görülmüştür. 2007 yönetmeliğinegöre tasarlanan mevcut donatısız yığma binalar da TBDY-2019 hükümlerine göre kesmekuvveti güvenliğini sağlamamaktadır. Ayrıca, mevcut yığma binalarda da 0.10g veüzerinde ivme düzeyine karşılık gelen deprem kuvvetleri altında da yeterlideprem güvenliği sağlanamamaktadır.</p

Saddle blokta lokal anesteziye eklenen fentanilin postspinal baş ağrısına etkisi

This study aimed to determine the incidence of postspinal headache after saddle block using bupivacaine 0.5 % with or without fentanyl in ninety patients undergoing perianal surgery. The patients had saddle block with 0.5 % bupivacaine (6mg) in Group I and + 25 $mu$g of fentanyl in Group II. Quincke 25 G needles were used for dural punctures with needle bevels parallel to the dural fibres. Patients who experienced multiple needle insertions were excluded from the study. Sensory blockade was assessed by pinprick test and motor function was assessed by Bromage's scale. Times to first analgesic requirement, urination, ambulation and complications were noted. Postspinal headache was planned to be treated conservatively and by epidural blood patch, when needed. Times to onset of sensory blockade, to urinate and to ambulate were similar between groups. Time to first analgesic requirement was longer in Group II (156 vs. 283 min). Two patients in Group I and one patient in Group II developed postspinal headache. Twenty-eight patients in Group II had pruritus. The addition of 25 $mu$g fentanyl to 0.5 % bupivacaine spinal anesthesia prolonged the duration of analgesia, increased the incidence of pruritus but had no effect on the incidence of postspinal headache.Perianal cerrahi geçirecek olgularda bupivakain veya bupivakain-fentanil ile saddle blok uygulamaları sonrasında postspinal baş ağrısı insidansının karşılaştırılması amaçlandı. Perianal cerrahi geçirecek 18-65 yaşlarındaki 90 olgu çalışmaya dahil edildi. Omurganın uzun eksenine paralel olarak ilerletilen 25 G Quincke iğne ile lomber ponksiyon uygulandı ve deneme sayısı birden fazla olan olgular çalışma dışında bırakıldı. Intralekal % 0.5 bupivakain (6 mg) (Grup I) veya % 0.5 bupivakain (6 mg) + fentanil (25 $mu$g) (Grup II) ile saddle blok uygulandı. Duyusal blok iğne batırma testi ile, motor blok ise Bromage'in skalası ile değerlendirildi, ilk analjezik gereksinimine, miksiyona ve ambulasyona dek geçen sureler ve komplikasyonlar kaydedildi. Postspinal başağrısının konservatif tedavisi ve gereğinde epidural kan yaması uygulanması planlandı. Grupların duyusal blok başlangıcı, miksiyon ve anıbıılasyon süreleri benzer olmakla beraber, ilk analjezik gereksinim zamanı Grup II'de anlamlı olarak uzun bulundu (156 dk'ya karşı 283 dk) (p0.05). Grup I'e ait iki ve Grup H'e ait bir olguda postspinal baş ağrısı saptandı. Grup II'e ait 28 hastada (%62) kaşıntı gözlendi. Bupivakaine (%0.5) 25 $mu$g fentanil eklenmesi ile saddle blok uygulanan grupta, fentanil kullanılmayan gruba oranla postoperatif analjezi süresinin uzadığı, kaşıntı insidansımn arttığı, postspinal baş ağrısı insidansının ise değişmediği sonucuna varılmıştır

A Case of Complete Chorioamniotic Membrane Separation after Amniocentesis Resulted with a Healthy Term Delivery

Separation between amniotic and chorionic membranes is a normal sonographic finding before 14th weeks of gestation. As pregnancy progresses, these membranes fuse and chorionic cavity becomes obliterated. Chorioamniotic membrane separation may occur spontaneously or as a complication of invasive intrauterine procedures. Following invasive fetal intervention, resulting in a condition referred to as chorioamniotic membrane separation (CMS) and it is reported to be associated with adverse perinatal fetal outcomes. Here we present a case of CMS that had occurred after a second trimester amniocentesis and resulted with the delivery of a term healthy baby. Complete post-interventional CMS may complicate pregnancy progression. Although there are no established guidelines to follow, close follow-up may CMS can be managed to be a morbid, rather than mortal condition