Effects of irrigation intervals and irrigation levels on oil content and fatty acid composition of peanut cultivars

Oil content and fatty acid composition are the most significant quality criteria of peanuts (Arachis hypogaea L.), and these parameters is greatly influenced by irrigation and fertilization practices. A study was conducted to investigate the effects of irrigation intervals and irrigation levels on oil content and fatty acid composition of peanuts, under sandy soil conditions in two consecutive years, using 'Halisbey', 'NC-7', and 'Sultan' peanut cultivars, commonly grown in Turkey. Irrigation levels were arranged based on total evaporation from Class-A pan, and irrigations were applied through drip lines. Irrigation intervals were set as two and four days, and irrigation levels were set as 50% (I-50), 75% (I-75), 100% (I-100) and 125% (I-125) of Class-A pan evaporations. Oil content, unsaturated fatty acids (oleic and linoleic acids), and saturated fatty acids (palmitic, myristic, arachidic, behenic and lignoceric acids) were determined. For oil content, treatments were identified as the most appropriate irrigation for a two-day irrigation interval of all cultivars, I-100 for four-day irrigation interval of 'Halisbey' and 'Sultan' cultivars and I-75 for four-day irrigation interval of 'NC-7' cultivar. Oleic, linoleic, and palmitic acids were the major fatty acids of peanuts. Cultivars exhibited different variations in these fatty acids based on irrigation intervals and irrigation levels. In general, oleic acid contents decreased, but linoleic and palmitic acid contents increased with increasing irrigation levels. The greatest oleic acid contents were obtained from two and four-day irrigation intervals of I-50 treatments in 'Halisbey' and 'NC-7' cultivars and from two and four-day irrigation intervals of I-75 treatments of the second year in 'Sultan' cultivar. Present findings revealed that for quality peanut production, both irrigation intervals and irrigation levels should be taken into consideration

Characterization of Local Sorghum (Sorghum bicolor L.) Population Grains in Terms of Nutritional Properties and Evaluation by GT Biplot Approach

This study is conducted to characterize some nutritional attributes and starch properties of 156 Turkish sorghum populations and 4 standard cultivars (Sorghum bicolor L.). Crude protein contents of the populations vary between 6.67% and 14.33%, digestible protein ratios between 6.67% and 82.24%, crude oil contents between 2.15% and 6.40%, phytic acid contents between 0.37% and 4.09%, resistant starch between 1.10% and 34.23%, nonresistant starch between 10.79% and 79.61%, total starch between 15.42% and 85.54%, amylose between 5.67% and 43.48%, amylopectin between 9.45% and 65.67%, total phenolic between 0.19% and 5.06 mg GAE/g and antiradical activity between 3.72% and 91.48%. Significant differences are obtained from starch-based Rapid Visco Analyzer parameters of sorghum genotypes. As compared standard cultivars, several superior genotypes are identified in terms of nutritional characteristics. Genotype treatment (GT) biplot analysis revealed ideal genotypes for investigated parameters. Present findings confirmed that there are many genotypes with superior nutritional properties in local sorghum genotypes