Fatty acids and mineral composition of seed oils extracted from different Rosa L. taxa

In the study, the macro and micro elements and fatty acid contents in rose seeds, which are generally evaluated in the waste category, were determined. Among the plants belonging to these taxa, only the registered varieties belonging to four taxa were used, while the others were genotypes. The plant materials of the study include rosehip (R. canina L.), Yildiz variety of rosehip (R. canina L. cv ‘Yildiz’), Syrup rose (R. heckeliana Tratt. subsp. vanheurckiana), Austrian briar (R. foetida Herrm.), lax rootstock [R. caesia Sm. (Syn: R. laxa Retz.)], wild rose [R. montana subsp. woronovii Chaix subsp. woronovii (Lonacz) Ö. Nilsson L.], hybrid landscape roses (R. x hybrida) and Hosap rose [R. pisiformis (Christ) D.] taxa. It was determined that the contents of nitrogen, potassium, phosphorus, magnesium and calcium of the macro elements examined in the seed samples differed statistically from each other. The seeds of different Rosa L. species examined within the scope of the research can be considered as one of the fruit oil sources with its 3.71-10.01% oil content. The fatty acid contents were determined as follows: linoleic acid (ω6) contents in the taxa ranged from 41.63 to 50.11% with an average of 44.88%; oleic acid (ω9) ranged from 20.80 to 30.27% with an average of 24.95%; linolenic acid (ω3) varied between 14.00-28.51% with an average of 19.20%; arachidic acid ranged from 0.75-1.63% and the average was 1.97%; eicosenoic acid ranged between 0.13-0.65% and averaged 0.33%; palmitoleic acid contents ranged from 0.08-0.60; behenic acid varied between 0.08-0.19% with 0.11% average. It was observed that the (ω3/ω6 ratio of the hybrid rose, which is especially used as a landscape rose and whose fruits are not evaluated, had an average value. R. canina ‘Yildiz’ cultivar showed a high (ω3/ω6 ratio, which is important in health terms. The high oleic acid contents found in these taxa are important results

Response of salt-stressed strawberry plants to supplementary calcium nitrate and/or potassium nitrate

A pot experiment was carried out with two strawberry (Fragaria x ananassa Duch) cultivars, Oso Grande and Camarosa in sand culture to investigate the effects of supplementary calcium and potassium nitrate to plants grown at high NaCl (35mM) in complete nutrient solution supplied via roots. Treatments were (1) nutrient solution alone (C), (2) C+5mM Ca(NO)+5mM KNO (C+CaN+KN), (3) nutrient solution+35mM NaCl (C+S), (4) C+S+5mM Ca(NO) (C+S+CaN), (5) C+S+5mM KNO (C+S+KN), and (6) C+S+5mM Ca(NO)+5mM KNO (C+S+CAN+KN). The plants grown at high NaCl had less dry matter, fruit yield, and chlorophyll content than those grown in normal nutrient solution for both cultivars. Both supplementary Ca(NO) and KNO treatments significantly ameliorated the negative effects of salinity on plant growth and fruit yield. Treatment 4 (C+S+CaN) was slightly more effective in mitigating salt stress than treatment 5 (C+S+KN). However, neither of these was as effective as the combined treatment 6. Membrane permeability increased with high NaCl and was reduced by supplementary Ca(NO) and KNO. Sodium concentration in plant tissues increased in both cultivars in the high NaCl treatment. Leaf concentrations of calcium (Ca), potassium (K), and nitrogen (N) were much lower in plants grown at high NaCl than those in the unstressed treatment (C). Concentrations of these three nutrients were all significantly increased by both individual supplements but were generally highest, in some cases very close to control values in the C+S+CaN+KN treatment.Peer reviewe

Influence of foliar-applied calcium nitrate on strawberry plants grown under salt-stressed conditions

A pot experiment was carried out with strawberry (Fragaria x ananassa Duch) cultivars Oso Grande and Camarosa in sand culture to investigate the effects of foliar-applied calcium nitrate [Ca(NO ) ] to plants grown at high salinity (NaCl, 35 mmol/L). Treatments were (i) nutrient solution alone (C), (ii) nutrient solution + Ca(NO ) (9 mmol/L) as a foliar application (C+Fo), (iii) nutrient solution + NaCl (35 mmol/L) (C+S) and (iv) nutrient solution + NaCl (35 mmol/L) + Ca(NO ) (9 mmol/L) as a foliar application twice weekly (C+S+Fo). The plants grown at high NaCl had less dry matter and lower fruit yield and chlorophyll content than those grown in normal nutrient solution for both cultivars. Foliar Ca(NO ) sprays ameliorated the negative effects of salinity on plant growth, chlorophyll content and fruit yield. Membrane permeability increased with high NaCl and was reduced by Ca(NO ) sprays. Sodium concentration in plant tissues increased in both cultivars in the high NaCl treatment. Concentrations of calcium and nitrogen were much lower in plants grown in high NaCl than in unstressed plants and foliar Ca(NO ) sprays increased concentrations of both nutrients.Peer reviewe

Some pomological traits of different pomegranate varieties grown in sanliurfa - Turkey

Pomegranate is grown mainly in tropics and subtropics and it can grow in arid and semi-arid regions. In Turkey it is spread in all the Mediterranean, Eagan and coastal area as well as in the Southeast Anatolia Region. It is adapted to dry, low relative humidity conditions. In the Southeast Anatolian Region of Turkey, pomegranate is mainly used as fruit juice or salad. The cultivated varieties have been selected by growers among chance seedlings. In this paper, the traits of some regional pomegranate varieties will be compared. These varieties are Katir Nari, Kus Nari, Millesi, Suruc Tatli Nary, Boncuk, etc. selected in Southeast Anatolia, especially in Sanliurfa province. Other varieties such as Devedisi, Mayhos, Cekirdeksiz, Fellahyemez were selected in other parts of Turkey

Detecting DNA polymorphism and genetic diversity in a wide pistachio germplasm: Comparison of AFLP, ISSR, and RAPD markers

There are limited numbers of pistachio (Pistacia vera L.) cultivars in the world and their phenotypic appearance and productivity are variable. Understanding such variation would facilitate their use in cultivar breeding programs. Therefore, in this study, 69 pistachio cultivars and genotypes originating from seven countries were characterized by randomly amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD), inter-simple sequence repeats (ISSR), and amplified fragment-length polymorphism (AFLP) markers. The results showed that all three marker systems were able to reveal variability between pistachio cultivars and genotypes. The correlation coefficients for genetic distances were statistically significant among all three molecular marker types. The correlation between RAPD and AFLP data was the highest (r = 0.73) and the value between RAPD and ISSR data was the lowest (r = 0.58). AFLP proved to be the best technique among them. ISSR and AFLP assays were reliable and produced reproducible bands. ISSR was preferred over RAPD, especially when financial investment and technical knowledge are limited. The constructed unweighted pair group method with arithmetic averages (UPGMA) dendrogram obtained from combined data separated the genotypes into two main clusters: one cluster ("Iranian") included genotypes originating from Iran and the second cluster (" Mediterranean") contained most other genotypes. The " Mediterranean" cluster further divided into three subclusters: one ("Siirt") consisted of the cultivars Siirt and Hacireso with a few other selections; the second subcluster ("Turkish") included Turkish cultivars; and the third subcluster contained Syrian, Italian, and the remaining cultivars. The closeness of the clusters was "Iranian" - "Siirt" - "Turkish"/"Syrian." These findings reveal a new understanding in the diffusion of pistachio cultivation from its center of origin, the Iranian-Caspian region, via southeastern Turkey to Syria, the Mediterranean region of Europe, and northern Africa

COMPARISON OF MECHANICAL PROPERTIES OF SOME SELECTED ALMOND CULTIVARS WITH HARD AND SOFT SHELL UNDER COMPRESSION LOADING

The mechanical properties of Nonpareil versus Gulcan 101-23 almond cultivars that have different shell properties were loaded between two parallel plates to determine the rupture force, rupture energy, rupture power requirement, toughness and firmness. The tests were carried out with three moisture contents, namely, 7.2, 22.9 and 33.6% wet basis and three loading axes (x, y, z). Physical characteristics of the almond cultivars such as length, width, thickness, geometric mean diameter, sphericity, volume, surface area and weight were determined. Physical properties of both cultivars increased as a numerical by increasing moisture content. The highest rupture force in all moisture content levels was obtained for almond pit loaded along the y-axis. In addition to rupture force, values of absorbed energy, toughness, power requirement and firmness were calculated as mechanical properties. The maximum force required to initiate pit rupture was found as maximum 554.3 N at y-axis for 7.2% moisture content and minimum 126.9 N at x-axis for 33.6% moisture content for Gulcan 101-23 cultivar. These values were determined as 53.3 and 11.2 N, respectively, for Nonpareil cultivar. Rupture force, absorbed energy, toughness, power requirement and firmness decreased with an increase of moisture content. The difference between mechanical properties of Nonpareil versus Gulcan 101-23 almond cultivars was found to be highly significant (P < 0.001)

Perspectives, fears and expectations of patients with gynaecological cancers during the COVID-19 pandemic: A Pan-European study of the European Network of Gynaecological Cancer Advocacy Groups (ENGAGe)

Background: The impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on European gynaecological cancer patients under active treatment or follow-up has not been documented. We sought to capture the patient perceptions of the COVID-19 implications and the worldwide imposed treatment modifications. Methods: A patient survey was conducted in 16 European countries, using a new COVID-19-related questionnaire, developed by ENGAGe and the Hospital Anxiety &amp; Depression Scale questionnaire (HADS). The survey was promoted by national patient advocacy groups and charitable organisations. Findings: We collected 1388 forms; 592 online and 796 hard-copy (May, 2020). We excluded 137 due to missing data. Median patients’ age was 55 years (range: 18–89), 54.7% had ovarian cancer and 15.5% were preoperative. Even though 73.2% of patients named cancer as a risk factor for COVID-19, only 17.5% were more afraid of COVID-19 than their cancer condition, with advanced age (&gt;70 years) as the only significant risk factor for that. Overall, 71% were concerned about cancer progression if their treatment/follow-up was cancelled/postponed. Most patients (64%) had their care continued as planned, but 72.3% (n = 892) said that they received no information around overall COVID-19 infection rates of patients and staff, testing or measures taken in their treating hospital. Mean HADS Anxiety and Depression Scores were 8.8 (range: 5.3–12) and 8.1 (range: 3.8–13.4), respectively. Multivariate analysis identified high HADS-depression scores, having experienced modifications of care due to the pandemic and concern about not being able to visit their doctor as independent predictors of patients’ anxiety. Interpretation: Gynaecological cancer patients expressed significant anxiety about progression of their disease due to modifications of care related to the COVID-19 pandemic and wished to pursue their treatment as planned despite the associated risks. Healthcare professionals should take this into consideration when making decisions that impact patients care in times of crisis and to develop initiatives to improve patients’ communication and education. © 2020 The Authors. Cancer Medicine published by John Wiley &amp; Sons Ltd