65 research outputs found
Ancillary human health benefits of improved air quality resulting from climate change mitigation
<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>Greenhouse gas (GHG) mitigation policies can provide ancillary benefits in terms of short-term improvements in air quality and associated health benefits. Several studies have analyzed the ancillary impacts of GHG policies for a variety of locations, pollutants, and policies. In this paper we review the existing evidence on ancillary health benefits relating to air pollution from various GHG strategies and provide a framework for such analysis.</p> <p>Methods</p> <p>We evaluate techniques used in different stages of such research for estimation of: (1) changes in air pollutant concentrations; (2) avoided adverse health endpoints; and (3) economic valuation of health consequences. The limitations and merits of various methods are examined. Finally, we conclude with recommendations for ancillary benefits analysis and related research gaps in the relevant disciplines.</p> <p>Results</p> <p>We found that to date most assessments have focused their analysis more heavily on one aspect of the framework (e.g., economic analysis). While a wide range of methods was applied to various policies and regions, results from multiple studies provide strong evidence that the short-term public health and economic benefits of ancillary benefits related to GHG mitigation strategies are substantial. Further, results of these analyses are likely to be underestimates because there are a number of important unquantified health and economic endpoints.</p> <p>Conclusion</p> <p>Remaining challenges include integrating the understanding of the relative toxicity of particulate matter by components or sources, developing better estimates of public health and environmental impacts on selected sub-populations, and devising new methods for evaluating heretofore unquantified and non-monetized benefits.</p
Zirconia: its crystallographic polymmorphy and high temperature potentials /
Aeronautical Research Laboratory, Project 7022, Task 70634.ASTIA Document No. AD 206908."July 1958."Includes bibliographical references (pages 9-10).Mode of access: Internet
Combined effects of mechanical and ischemic injury to cortical cells: Secondary ischemia increases damage and decreases effects of neuroprotective agents
Les métamorphoses du mariage au Moyen-Orient
Depuis plusieurs annĂ©es, les dĂ©mographes attirent notre attention sur la montĂ©e du cĂ©libat, la rĂ©duction de lâĂ©cart dâĂąge entre partenaires et les fluctuations du taux de divorce dans le Moyen-Orient contemporain. Cet ouvrage rassemble diverses contributions visant Ă rendre compte des implications de tous ces phĂ©nomĂšnes sur les idĂ©es et les pratiques sous-jacentes aux donnĂ©es quantitatives. Mariages collectifs, mariages civils, mariages temporaires ou secrets : autant de nouveaux paradigmes matrimoniaux qui semblent progressivement sâimposer. Mais sont-ils vraiment nouveaux, et Ă quels besoins viennent-ils rĂ©pondre ? Quâen est-il de lâintervalle croissant qui sĂ©pare lâadolescence du mariage ? Que dire du cĂ©libat comme choix mais aussi comme rĂ©alitĂ© imposĂ©e par des contraintes socio-Ă©conomiques ? OĂč en sont la politique du mariage et la promotion de lâunitĂ© familiale stable comme fondement de lâordre social ? Les diffĂ©rents chapitres de cet ouvrage ne forment quâun point de dĂ©part pour lâexploration des possibles rĂ©ponses Ă ces questions
Les métamorphoses du mariage au Moyen-Orient
Depuis plusieurs annĂ©es, les dĂ©mographes attirent notre attention sur la montĂ©e du cĂ©libat, la rĂ©duction de lâĂ©cart dâĂąge entre partenaires et les fluctuations du taux de divorce dans le Moyen-Orient contemporain. Cet ouvrage rassemble diverses contributions visant Ă rendre compte des implications de tous ces phĂ©nomĂšnes sur les idĂ©es et les pratiques sous-jacentes aux donnĂ©es quantitatives. Mariages collectifs, mariages civils, mariages temporaires ou secrets : autant de nouveaux paradigmes matrimoniaux qui semblent progressivement sâimposer. Mais sont-ils vraiment nouveaux, et Ă quels besoins viennent-ils rĂ©pondre ? Quâen est-il de lâintervalle croissant qui sĂ©pare lâadolescence du mariage ? Que dire du cĂ©libat comme choix mais aussi comme rĂ©alitĂ© imposĂ©e par des contraintes socio-Ă©conomiques ? OĂč en sont la politique du mariage et la promotion de lâunitĂ© familiale stable comme fondement de lâordre social ? Les diffĂ©rents chapitres de cet ouvrage ne forment quâun point de dĂ©part pour lâexploration des possibles rĂ©ponses Ă ces questions
Moving Beyond Nondestructive Examination to Proactive Management of Materials Degradation
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