Solving ordinary differential equations (ODES) and delay differential equations (DDES) using Nakashima’s 2 stages 4Th order Pseudo-Runge-Kutta method

The aim of this research is to investigate numerically the problem on solving Delay Differential Equations (DDEs) using Nakashima’s 2 Stages 4th Order Pseudo-Runge-Kutta Method. This research also discussed the problem on solving Ordinary Differential Equations (ODEs) using the same method. In this research, we also developed the algorithm of Nakashima’s 2 Stages 4th Order Pseudo-Runge-Kutta Method and the algorithm of Nakashima’s 2 Stages 4th Order Pseudo-Runge-Kutta Method incorporated with Hermite Interpolation. Finally, we apply this method to a real life problem and we choose Food-Limited Model. In this research, we use Mathematica 7 software and Microsoft Excel to conduct the calculation

Numerical Optical Centroid Measurements

Optical imaging methods are typically restricted to a resolution of order of the probing light wavelength $\lambda_p$ by the Rayleigh diffraction limit. This limit can be circumvented by making use of multiphoton detection of correlated $N$-photon states, having an effective wavelength $\lambda_p/N$. But the required $N$-photon detection usually renders these schemes impractical. To overcome this limitation, recently, so-called optical centroid measurements (OCM) have been proposed which replace the multi-photon detectors by an array of single-photon detectors. Complementary to the existing approximate analytical results, we explore the approach using numerical experiments by sampling and analyzing detection events from the initial state wave function. This allows us to quantitatively study the approach also beyond the constraints set by the approximate analytical treatment, to compare different detection strategies, and to analyze other classes of input states.Comment: 15 pages, 18 figure

EVALUASI PENERAPAN SISTEM MANAJEMEN MUTU (SMM) TERKAIT AUDIT INTERNAL DI PT OTSUKA INDONESIA

Background: The implementation of SMM as a business strategy is supported by increasing globalization. Internal audit is the process of providing independent and impartial advice and assessment to improve a company's operational efficiency. This program can help a company achieve its targets by utilizing systematic and disciplined methods to evaluate and improve the effectiveness of risk-based management systems and strong operational controls. Objective: To understand the implementation of QSM related to internal quality audits in industry at PT Otsuka Indonesia based on GMP and ISO 9001:2015. Methods: The research was conducted using a qualitative descriptive method. This research was conducted by collecting company documents related to internal audits. Document analysis was carried out using interactive analysis methods. Results: The result shows that PT Otsuka Indonesia has carried out a regular internal audit schedule once a year for all department units in accordance with CPOB clause 8.3. The number of findings combined with all existing departmental units in 2021- 2022 has decreased. In 2021, 44 findings were found, while in 2022, 38 findings were found. However, the number of findings may increase within a departmental unit. Meanwhile, in 2022-2023, the number of findings when combined with all existing departmental units will experience an increase in the number of findings. The results of the internal audit program evaluation each year can reach 100% in each departmental unit. Conclusion: The implementation of QSM related to internal quality audits at PT Otsuka Indonesia is well practiced in accordance with GMP and ISO 9001:2015

On (p,r)(p,r)-null sequences and their relatives

Let $1\leq p < \infty$ and $1\leq r \leq p^\ast$, where $p^\ast$ is the conjugate index of $p$. We prove an omnibus theorem, which provides numerous equivalences for a sequence $(x_n)$ in a Banach space $X$ to be a $(p,r)$-null sequence. One of them is that $(x_n)$ is $(p,r)$-null if and only if $(x_n)$ is null and relatively $(p,r)$-compact. This equivalence is known in the "limit" case when $r=p^\ast$, the case of the $p$-null sequence and $p$-compactness. Our approach is more direct and easier than those applied for the proof of the latter result. We apply it also to characterize the unconditional and weak versions of $(p,r)$-null sequences

Model of leadership characteristics in addressing construction challenges

Failure of construction projects could be attributed from several challenges that emerged along the construction processes. These challenges are categorised as resources allocation, time, cost, quality, safety, project complexity, changes, uncertainties, and communication. It requires several approaches to handle these challenges and one of it is to have good quality of leadership that not rely on their authority. A study has shown that poor leadership contributed 67% to the project’s failure. Hence, this study was intended to develop relationship between leadership characteristics with construction challenges in avoiding project failure. This study was carried out based on quantitative approach that involved questionnaire survey using face-to-face technique with selected respondents at managerial level of G7 Contractor Company. The survey has resulted with 117 valid responses. Results from the survey analysis were applied to develop PLS-SEM relationship model which consisted of 43 leadership characteristics which are categorised into 4 groups and 9 construction challenges which is categorised into single group. The model was statistically validated with Goodness-of-Fit (GoF) value of 0.349 which is categorised as medium validating power. Based on the developed model, the most influential leadership characteristic group in handling the construction challenges is smart decision. While the most challenging construction challenges is safety management. To ensure that the model is applicable to the Malaysia construction industry, expert verification by selected construction experts was conducted and found that majority of the experts agreed on the model outcomes thus indicate that the model is suitable to the industry. Hence, it can be concluded that the study has uncovered the importance of leadership characteristics and its relationship with the construction challenges which fills the gap of study on Malaysia construction industry

Arst on hea haiguste ennetaja

Mis on haiguste ennetamine? Haiguste ennetamine kõlab eesti keeles ilmselt paljude arstide jaoks kontekstivälisena, sest räägib millestki, mis kuulub aega enne seda, kui patsient oma terviseprobleemiga arsti juurde jõuab. Kui haigus ennetatud, siis pole ju arsti vajagi! Selline arusaam sobib hästi hierarhilisse tervishoiusüsteemi, kus kõige all on patsient ja tema järel aste-astmelt velsker ja jaoskonnaarst kuni tippkirurgini välja. Tänapäeval toimivad edukalt aga tervishoiusüsteemid, mis on pigem integreeritud kui hierarhilised. Lõpptulemuse – terve inimese saavutamiseks on samavõrd olulised nii südamekirurgi, dietoloogi, perearsti kui ka perekonnaliikmete ja sageli ka sotsiaaltöötaja ning mitmete teiste oskused