BCR (Breakpoint cluster region)

Review on BCR (Breakpoint cluster region), with data on DNA, on the protein encoded, and where the gene is implicated

Generation of Breast Cancer Stem Cells through Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition

Recently, two novel concepts have emerged in cancer biology: the role of so-called “cancer stem cells” in tumor initiation, and the involvement of an epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) in the metastatic dissemination of epithelial cancer cells. Using a mammary tumor progression model, we show that cells possessing both stem and tumorigenic characteristics of “cancer stem cells” can be derived from human mammary epithelial cells following the activation of the Ras-MAPK pathway. The acquisition of these stem and tumorigenic characters is driven by EMT induction

Intraperitoneal drain placement and outcomes after elective colorectal surgery: international matched, prospective, cohort study

Despite current guidelines, intraperitoneal drain placement after elective colorectal surgery remains widespread. Drains were not associated with earlier detection of intraperitoneal collections, but were associated with prolonged hospital stay and increased risk of surgical-site infections.Background Many surgeons routinely place intraperitoneal drains after elective colorectal surgery. However, enhanced recovery after surgery guidelines recommend against their routine use owing to a lack of clear clinical benefit. This study aimed to describe international variation in intraperitoneal drain placement and the safety of this practice. Methods COMPASS (COMPlicAted intra-abdominal collectionS after colorectal Surgery) was a prospective, international, cohort study which enrolled consecutive adults undergoing elective colorectal surgery (February to March 2020). The primary outcome was the rate of intraperitoneal drain placement. Secondary outcomes included: rate and time to diagnosis of postoperative intraperitoneal collections; rate of surgical site infections (SSIs); time to discharge; and 30-day major postoperative complications (Clavien-Dindo grade at least III). After propensity score matching, multivariable logistic regression and Cox proportional hazards regression were used to estimate the independent association of the secondary outcomes with drain placement. Results Overall, 1805 patients from 22 countries were included (798 women, 44.2 per cent; median age 67.0 years). The drain insertion rate was 51.9 per cent (937 patients). After matching, drains were not associated with reduced rates (odds ratio (OR) 1.33, 95 per cent c.i. 0.79 to 2.23; P = 0.287) or earlier detection (hazard ratio (HR) 0.87, 0.33 to 2.31; P = 0.780) of collections. Although not associated with worse major postoperative complications (OR 1.09, 0.68 to 1.75; P = 0.709), drains were associated with delayed hospital discharge (HR 0.58, 0.52 to 0.66; P < 0.001) and an increased risk of SSIs (OR 2.47, 1.50 to 4.05; P < 0.001). Conclusion Intraperitoneal drain placement after elective colorectal surgery is not associated with earlier detection of postoperative collections, but prolongs hospital stay and increases SSI risk

Chronic myelogenous leukaemia (CML)

Review on Chronic myelogenous leukaemia (CML), with data on clinics, and the genes involved

BCR (breakpoint cluster region)

Review on BCR (breakpoint cluster region), with data on DNA, on the protein encoded, and where the gene is implicated

t(9;22)(q34;q11) in CML

Review on t(9;22)(q34;q11) in CML, with data on clinics, and the genes involved

ABL1 (v-abl Abelson murine leukemia viral oncogene homolog 1)

Review on ABL1 (v-abl Abelson murine leukemia viral oncogene homolog 1), with data on DNA, on the protein encoded, and where the gene is implicated

Chronic myelogenous leukaemia (CML)

Review on Chronic myelogenous leukaemia (CML), with data on clinics, and the genes involved

ABL1 (v-abl Abelson murine leukemia viral oncogene homolog 1)

Review on ABL1 (v-abl Abelson murine leukemia viral oncogene homolog 1), with data on DNA, on the protein encoded, and where the gene is implicated