Modeling Disaster: The Failure of Management of the New England Groundfish Industry

Most of the worlds' marine fisheries are overexploited or endangered, including the New England groundfishery, once one of the world’s most prolific. After 35 years of management, stock sizes and catches are lower now than ever. We argue that New England groundfishermen are caught in a prisoner’s dilemma, from which they have failed to escape. We then suggest a set of policies to get these groudnfishermen out of their dilemma.Fishermen's dilemma, fishery management, New England fisheries

Public Access to Privately Owned Land in Maine

In Maine, people have long used private land for recreation. James Acheson points out that this “open land” tradition—unique in the nation—has huge economic implications, especially for the state’s tourism industry. In recent years, there has been a substantial increase in land posting, largely in response to abuses by the public. Although a number of different kinds of institutions have arisen to allow continued public access to private land, Acheson suggests that more needs to be done if Maine’s “open land” tradition is to be maintaine

Opposing and following responses in sensorimotor speech control : why responses go both ways

When talking, speakers continuously monitor and use the auditory feedback of their own voice to control and inform speech production processes. When speakers are provided with auditory feedback that is perturbed in real time, most of them compensate for this by opposing the feedback perturbation. But some speakers follow the perturbation. In the current study, we investigated whether the state of the speech production system at perturbation onset may determine what type of response (opposing or following) is given. The results suggest that whether a perturbation-related response is opposing or following depends on ongoing fluctuations of the production system: It initially responds by doing the opposite of what it was doing. This effect and the non-trivial proportion of following responses suggest that current production models are inadequate: They need to account for why responses to unexpected sensory feedback depend on the production-system’s state at the time of perturbation

Book Reviews

Reviews of the following books: Lobstering and The Maine Coast by Kenneth R. Martin and Nathan R. Lipfert; Beothuk Bark Canoes: An Analysis and Comparative Study by Ingeborg C.L. Marshall; Records of Meduncook Plantation and Friendship Maine, 1763-1899 edited by Melville B. Cook

Explorations, Vol. 5, No. 2

Articles include: Cover: Brian McLain of New Harbor, measuring a V-notched lobster; slide taken by Robert C. Bayer, University of Maine Professor of Animal and Veterinary Sciences. April is Aquaculture Month Guest Editorial, by Kathleen Lignell Hospital Project Teams: Gaining Cooperation, by Mary Beth Pinto The Maine Lobster Institute: Science and Industry Working Together, by Susan White The Theory of Common Property Resources: Scientific Law or Myth? by James M. Acheson What do Seedless Watermelons and Triploid Oysters have in Common? by Mary Lee Technology and the Competitive Edge, by John Field and Eric Beenfeldt Growing our State Tree Faster: Fertilizing White Pine, by Robert Shepard and M.W. Blumenstoc

Book reviews

Peer Reviewedhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/44493/1/10745_2005_Article_BF01557918.pd

Presupernova Evolution of Rotating Massive Stars I: Numerical Method and Evolution of the Internal Stellar Structure

The evolution of rotating stars with zero-age main sequence (ZAMS) masses in the range 8 to 25 M_sun is followed through all stages of stable evolution. The initial angular momentum is chosen such that the star's equatorial rotational velocity on the ZAMS ranges from zero to ~ 70 % of break-up. Redistribution of angular momentum and chemical species are then followed as a consequence of rotationally induced circulation and instablities. The effects of the centrifugal force on the stellar structure are included. Uncertain mixing efficiencies are gauged by observations. We find, as noted in previous work, that rotation increases the helium core masses and enriches the stellar envelopes with products of hydrogen burning. We determine, for the first time, the angular momentum distribution in typical presupernova stars along with their detailed chemical structure. Angular momentum loss due to (non-magnetic) stellar winds and the redistribution of angular momentum during core hydrogen burning are of crucial importance for the specific angular momentum of the core. Neglecting magnetic fields, we find angular momentum transport from the core to the envelope to be unimportant after core helium burning. We obtain specific angular momenta for the iron core and overlaying material of 1E16...1E17 erg s. These values are insensitive to the initial angular momentum. They are small enough to avoid triaxial deformations of the iron core before it collapses, but could lead to neutron stars which rotate close to break-up. They are also in the range required for the collapsar model of gamma-ray bursts. The apparent discrepancy with the measured rotation rates of young pulsars is discussed.Comment: 62 pages, including 7 tables and 19 figures. Accepted by Ap