PERLINDUNGAN HUKUM TERHADAP ANAK BERKAITAN DENGAN HAK PENGASUHAN SEBAGAI AKIBAT PUTUSNYA PERKAWINAN KEDUA ORANG TUANYA (Studi Kasus Putusan Mahkamah Agung Republik Indonesia Nomor 58 PK/AG/2009 tanggal 8 Januari 2010)

Perkawinan adalah ikatan lahir batin antara suami dan istri untuk membentuk keluarga yang kekal, bahagia, sakinah, mawaddah, dan rahmah. Perkawinan dilakukan menurut agama dan kepercayaannya masing-masing dan harus dicatatkan. Salah satu tujuan perkawinan adalah untuk mendapatkan keturunanan (anak). Perceraian antara suami istri melalui Pengadilan Agama sering terjadi perebutan pengasuhan anak (hadhanah) akan ikut bapak atau ibunya dan hakim yang memutuskan. Dalam penelitian ini masalah dirumuskan tentang bagaimana perlindungan hukum terhadap kepentingan anak yang belum mumayyiz menurut Putusan Mahkamah Agung Republik Indonesia Nomor 58 PK/AG/2009 tanggal 8 Januari 2010 dan bagaimana pelaksanaan putusan Putusan Mahkamah Agung Republik Indonesia Nomor 58 PK/AG/2009 tanggal 8 Januari 2010 dalam kaitannya dengan perlindungan anak .Tujuan penelitian adalah untuk mengkaji perlindungan hukum terhadap kepentingan anak menurut Putusan Mahkamah Agung tersebut dan menganalisisnya dalam kaitanya dengan penerapan ketentuan pasal 105 huruf a Kompilasi Hukum Islam. Metode penelitian yang digunakan pendekatan kasus dan memakai jenis penelitian yuridis normatif dengan menggunakan metode analisis kualitatif dari data deskriptif. Hasil penelitian diperoleh bahwa perkara Nomor 58 PK/AG/2009 tanggal 8 Januari 2010 antara Arief Djiwa Maulana bin H. Martunus, S.H. melawan Ratu Meika Betrika Binti H. Tb. Maman Haruman hakim dalam memutuskan perkara tersebut bersifat legalistik, tidak mempertimbangkan kepentingan perlindungan pengasuhan anak dan hakim mengabaikan fakta dalam persidangan bahwa anak bernama Kaysha Aurelya, lahir tanggal 30 Juli 2005, sejak kecil sampai saat ini tinggal bersama Arief Djiwa Maulana bin H. Martunus, S.H serta orang tua Arief Djiwa Maulana bin H. Martunus, S.H.. Putusan hakim bertentangan dengan kepentingan anak, sehingga tidak dapat dieksekusi karena ketika jurusita Pengadilan Agama Jakarta Barat melakukan eksekusi secara paksa anak bernama Kaysha Aurelya meronta-ronta sehingga eksekusi tidak dapat dilakukan karena dikhawatirkan akan mempengaruhi psikologi anak tersebut. Eksekusi anak sendiri melanggar prisnsip beracara. Tidak ada salahnya hakim tingkat pertama sebelum memutuskan perkara terhadap anak melihat secara langsung kedekatan anak dengan orang tuanya

HR performance within Saudi Arabian organisations : is the relationship between 'job security and ill-treatment' and job satisfaction moderated by organisational support : a thesis presented in partial fulfilment of the requirement for the degree of Master of Business Studies in Management at Massey University, Albany, New Zealand

HR performance, particularly employees’ performance, has been well researched in Western countries. However, many Asian countries, including the region of the Arabic Gulf, are still under-researched in relation to this subject. This present study quantitatively investigated employees’ performance in one of the Gulf countries, Saudi Arabia. In addition, it took into consideration the religion (Islam) as well as the cultural characteristics that may affect performance in the workplace. Particularly, the type of society (collectivistic), losing face issue and power distance are the cultural characteristics discussed in this study. Furthermore, the study used four variables, which are considered important in relation to employees’ performance in the Saudi context: job security, ill-treatment (independent variables), perceived organisational support (POS) as a moderating variable and job satisfaction (dependent/outcome variable). The research question for this study is “Is the relationship between job security and ill-treatment, and job satisfaction, moderated by organisational support?” Previous research indicates that relationships between these variables vary in terms of how much they impact employees’ job satisfaction and, therefore, their performance. Some studies suggest that job security increases employees’ job satisfaction which can result in better performance. Others claim that ill-treatment can be a source of job dissatisfaction and lower the quality of job performance as ill-treatment impacts employees physically and psychologically. In addition, POS was found to have positive effects on job satisfaction as a higher level of support from organisations can lead to higher job satisfaction and performance. This cross-sectional, quantitative study used a questionnaire as the data collection method. Measurement scales used in the study were previously used in other studies, which strengthens the internal validity of this study. The 424 participants who completed the survey were Saudi employees who were required to have worked for at least six months for the same employer as full-time employees in Saudi Arabia. Results from this study suggest that, on an individual level, all three variables (job security, ill-treatment, POS) predicted job satisfaction in Saudi organisations. However, the regression analysis showed that job security had the biggest effect on job satisfaction followed by ill-treatment. Also, the moderation analysis revealed that the relationship between job security and job satisfaction was partially moderated by POS. However, POS did not appear to moderate the relationship between ill-treatment and job satisfaction

Gender and ethnicity differences in metacognitive skills and problem–solving ability among physics students in johor

A study on metacognitive skills in relation to problem-solving in physics among secondary school students in Johor, Malaysia is sponsored by Research Management Centre (RMC), UTM under Vot 75161. It has finally completed its data collection and a complete Technical Report is due to be published in January 2007.The study involved a survey on 1300 physics students from nine districts of Johor namely Batu Pahat, Muar, Kota Tinggi, Pontian, Johor Bahru, Segamat, Mersing, Kulai and Kluang. Two well-validated instruments on metacognitive skills and four problem-solving questions on mechanics (Fatin, 2005) were conducted among respondents selected from 9 rural schools and 15 urban schools in Johor using random cluster samplings of form four physics students. The sampling of respondents in this study did not include students from fully residential schools where the “cream� of the Malay students are mostly found. The samples comprised students from daily secondary schools (rural and urban) and premier schools (urban High Schools) in Johor. This paper forms part of the report of the short term research project and focuses only on the development of gender and ethnicity differences on metacognitive and problem-solving skills from three stages of research processes. An indepth literature review related to metacognition and physics problem-solving is discussed fully in Fatin (2005)

Monitoring Perubahan Tutupan Lahan di Kota Blitar Berbasis Algoritma Random Forest

Perubahan penggunaan lahan harus dimonitor dan dievaluasi untuk menghindari dampak lingkungan jangka panjang. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk melakukan monitoring penggunaan/penutup lahan di Kota Blitar menggunakan metode klasifikasi supervised learning Random Forest (RF). Basis data yang digunakan adalah citra satelit LANDSAT dengan multitemporal tahun 2001, 2011, dan 2021 yang diolah menggunakan platform geospasial berbasis cloud Google Earth Engine (GEE). Uji akurasi hasil klasifikasi RF menunjukkan nilai koefisien kappa lebih dari 0,7 sehingga hasil klasifikasi dapat dilanjutkan untuk dianalisis perubahannya. Analisis jarak dari jalan digunakan sebagai faktor pendorong perubahan penggunaan lahan. Pada tiga kecamatan di Kota Blitar, tren luasan jenis tutupan vegetasi selalu menurun dari tahun 2001-2021, terkecuali kecamatan Sukorejo yang mengalami kenaikan 30,84 ha pada tahun 2021. Pada jenis tutupan sawah/perkebunan, hanya Kecamatan Kepanjen Kidul yang mengalami kenaikan pada tahun 2011 sebesar 18,74 ha, namun luasannya berkurang kembali pada tahun 2021 sebesar 5,04 ha. Jenis tutupan lahan terbangun selalu meningkat pada seluruh kecamatan, dengan rata-rata peningkatan sebesar 104,43 ha dalam kurun waktu 2001-2021. Perubahan menjadi lahan terbangun cenderung terjadi pada jaringan jalan utama Kota Blitar dengan radius 500m

Identifying determining factors that impact on the extent of harmonisation with international financial reporting standards: analysis of listed North African companies

In the last decades, international accounting harmonisation has become the objective of many accountants in both academic and professional fields. With increased pressure from the globalisation of businesses in financial reporting, stock exchange, and international transactions, accounting information (produced by local accounting system) is not likely to meet users’ requirements. Many countries around the world have noticed the importance of accounting harmonisation in their regional financial markets. Despite problems of reliability of accounting information, developing countries (such as North African countries) have not paid enough attention to adopting international standards. Appropriate literature was covered in this study such as: obstacles to and benefits of harmonisation, interested bodies (historical view), uniformity of standards, harmonising accounting practices, the globalisation effects on the accounting environment, and firm characteristics effects over the accounting environment. Despite the existence of substantial literature about harmonisation around the world, there appears to be a lack of assessment of harmonisation in developing countries, also previous research is not likely to pay enough attention in testing the relationship between firm characteristics and both types of harmonisation (de jure and de facto) especially in developing countries. Therefore, this study was designed to fill these gaps. This study attempted to answer the following questions: Has (de facto and de jure) harmonisation between North Africa’s financial reporting and International Financial Report Standards (IFRS) increased between 2005 and 2010? To what extent does de jure harmonization impact de facto harmonization? And to what extent do firm characteristics (firm size, firm age, leverage, the profitability (ROA), institutional ownership, insider ownership, sector, and language of disclosure) impact on the level of both type (de jure and de facto) of harmonisation? A variety of approaches were used to answer these questions. De facto harmonisation was measured by C index, whereas de jure harmonisation was measured by using a compliance index. In addition, the impact of firm characteristics on harmonisation was analysed by using multivariate models (regression) tests. The result showed that overall de jure harmonisation has been increased from 46% in 2005 to 54% in 2010. Moreover, overall compliance of accounting practise (de facto) has also increased from 36% in 2005 to 50% in 2010. The results reveal that the level of compliance with IFRSs (de jure harmonisation) increases with a company size, institutional ownership, industry and language of disclosure, whereas firm age, leverage, ROA, and Insider ownership were insignificant factors. In addition, the results show that firm characteristics are insignificant in predicting the level of de facto harmonisation. The result also indicates no association between de jure harmonisation and de facto harmonisation

Strengthening the Indonesian Notaries’ Authority in Legalizing Apostille Documents

As public officials, notaries are given the authority to make authentic deeds and legalize documents signed in the presence of a notary. The Minister of Law and Human Rights Regulation, No. 6 of 2022 Article 2, Paragraph 3, Letter d states that one of the recognized convention state documents is a document issued by a notary. The research applied a normative juridical method. This research links the authority of notaries as public officials in the Apostille legalization service process following the enactment of the Apostille Convention in Indonesia in October 2021. The study reveals the government policy of legalizing Apostille documents by notaries. The results show that notaries, as public officials, have the authority to carry out legalization. Still, after the Apostille Convention enactment, the law regulates explicitly Apostille. Still, it does not explain the legalization process by a notary to obtain an apostille certificate. Hence, the study concludes that no regulation regarding the legalizing of apostille documents by a notary brings implications for the notary’s role in obtaining legal protection and certainty