801 research outputs found
A Study of the Scintillation Induced by Alpha Particles and Gamma Rays in Liquid Xenon in an Electric Field
Scintillation produced in liquid xenon by alpha particles and gamma rays has
been studied as a function of applied electric field. For back scattered gamma
rays with energy of about 200 keV, the number of scintillation photons was
found to decrease by 64+/-2% with increasing field strength. Consequently, the
pulse shape discrimination power between alpha particles and gamma rays is
found to reduce with increasing field, but remaining non-zero at higher fields.Comment: 15 pages, 12 figures, accepted by Nuclear Instruments and Methods in
Physics Research
On Gauge Invariance of Breit-Wigner Propagators
We present an approach to bosonic () as well as fermionic
(top-quark) Breit-Wigner propagators which is consistent with gauge invariance
arguments. In particular, for the -boson propagator we extend previous
analyses and show that the part proportional to must be
modified near the resonance. We derive a mass shift which agrees with results
obtained elsewhere by different methods. The modified form of a resonant heavy
fermion propagator is also given.Comment: 16 p., TeX, (final version
Large deviations for many Brownian bridges with symmetrised initial-terminal condition
Consider a large system of Brownian motions in with some
non-degenerate initial measure on some fixed time interval with
symmetrised initial-terminal condition. That is, for any , the terminal
location of the -th motion is affixed to the initial point of the
-th motion, where is a uniformly distributed random
permutation of . Such systems play an important role in quantum
physics in the description of Boson systems at positive temperature .
In this paper, we describe the large-N behaviour of the empirical path
measure (the mean of the Dirac measures in the paths) and of the mean of
the normalised occupation measures of the motions in terms of large
deviations principles. The rate functions are given as variational formulas
involving certain entropies and Fenchel-Legendre transforms. Consequences are
drawn for asymptotic independence statements and laws of large numbers.
In the special case related to quantum physics, our rate function for the
occupation measures turns out to be equal to the well-known Donsker-Varadhan
rate function for the occupation measures of one motion in the limit of
diverging time. This enables us to prove a simple formula for the large-N
asymptotic of the symmetrised trace of , where
is an -particle Hamilton operator in a trap
Measurements of Scintillation Efficiency and Pulse-Shape for Low Energy Recoils in Liquid Xenon
Results of observations of low energy nuclear and electron recoil events in
liquid xenon scintillator detectors are given. The relative scintillation
efficiency for nuclear recoils is 0.22 +/- 0.01 in the recoil energy range 40
keV - 70 keV. Under the assumption of a single dominant decay component to the
scintillation pulse-shape the log-normal mean parameter T0 of the maximum
likelihood estimator of the decay time constant for 6 keV < Eee < 30 keV
nuclear recoil events is equal to 21.0 ns +/- 0.5 ns. It is observed that for
electron recoils T0 rises slowly with energy, having a value ~ 30 ns at Eee ~
15 keV. Electron and nuclear recoil pulse-shapes are found to be well fitted by
single exponential functions although some evidence is found for a double
exponential form for the nuclear recoil pulse-shape.Comment: 11 pages, including 5 encapsulated postscript figure
Search for EC and ECEC processes in Sn and decay of Sn to the excited states of Te
Limits on EC and ECEC processes in Sn and on
decay of Sn to the excited states of Te have
been obtained using a 380 cm HPGe detector and an external source
consisting of natural tin. A limit with 90% C.L. on the Sn half-life of
y for the ECEC(0) transition to the excited
state in Cd (1871.0 keV) has been established. This transition is
discussed in the context of a possible enhancement of the decay rate by several
orders of magnitude given that the ECEC process is nearly degenerate
with an excited state in the daughter nuclide. Prospects for investigating such
a process in future experiments are discussed. The decay
limits for Sn to the excited states of Te were obtained on the
level of y at the 90% C.L.Comment: 17 pages, 5 figure
Neutrino masses in R-parity violating supersymmetric models
We study neutrino masses and mixing in R-parity violating supersymmetric
models with generic soft supersymmetry breaking terms. Neutrinos acquire masses
from various sources: Tree level neutrino--neutralino mixing and loop effects
proportional to bilinear and/or trilinear R-parity violating parameters. Each
of these contributions is controlled by different parameters and have different
suppression or enhancement factors which we identified. Within an Abelian
horizontal symmetry framework these factors are related and specific
predictions can be made. We found that the main contributions to the neutrino
masses are from the tree level and the bilinear loops and that the observed
neutrino data can be accommodated once mild fine-tuning is allowed.Comment: 18 pages; minor typos corrected. To be published in Physical Review
The t W- Mode of Single Top Production
The t W- mode of single top production is proposed as an important means to
study the weak interactions of the top quark. While the rate of this mode is
most likely too small to be observed at Run II of the Fermilab Tevatron, it is
expected to be considerably larger at the CERN LHC. In this article the
inclusive t W- rate is computed, including O(1 / log (m_t^2 / m_b^2))
corrections, and when combined with detailed Monte Carlo simulations including
the top and W decay products, indicate that the t W- single top process may be
extracted from the considerable t tbar and W+ W- j backgrounds at low
luminosity runs of the LHC.Comment: 16 pages, 4 figure
Prospects for heavy supersymmetric charged Higgs boson searches at hadron colliders
We investigate the production of a heavy charged Higgs boson at hadron
colliders within the context of the MSSM. A detailed study is performed for all
important production modes and basic background processes for the
t\bar{t}b\bar{b} signature. In our analysis we include effects of initial and
final state showering, hadronization, and principal detector effects. For the
signal production rate we include the leading SUSY quantum effects at high
\tan\beta>~ mt/mb. Based on the obtained efficiencies for the signal and
background we estimate the discovery and exclusion mass limits of the charged
Higgs boson at high values of \tan\beta. At the upgraded Tevatron the discovery
of a heavy charged Higgs boson (MH^+ >~ 200 GeV) is impossible for the
tree-level cross-section values. However, if QCD and SUSY effects happen to
reinforce mutually, there are indeed regions of the MSSM parameter space which
could provide 3\sigma evidence and, at best, 5\sigma charged Higgs boson
discovery at the Tevatron for masses M_H^+<~ 300 GeV and M_H^+<~ 250 GeV,
respectively, even assuming squark and gluino masses in the (500-1000) GeV
range. On the other hand, at the LHC one can discover a H^+ as heavy as 1 TeV
at the canonical confidence level of 5\sigma; or else exclude its existence at
95% C.L. up to masses ~ 1.5 TeV. Again the presence of SUSY quantum effects can
be very important here as they may shift the LHC limits by a few hundred GeV.Comment: Latex2e, 44 pages, 15 figures, 6 tables, uses JHEP3.sty, axodraw.sty.
Comments added. Discussion on QCD factors clarified. Added discussion on
uncertainties. Change of presentation of Tables 4 and 5 and Fig.6. Results
and conclusions unchanged. Version accepted in JHE
Probing R-parity violating models of neutrino mass at the Tevatron via top Squark decays
We have estimated the limiting branching ratio of the R-parity violating
(RPV) decay of the lighter top squark, \tilde t_1 \ar l^+ d ( or
and d is a down type quark of any flavor), as a function of top squark
mass(\MST) for an observable signal in the di-lepton plus di-jet channel at
the Tevatron RUN-II experiment with 2 fb luminosity. Our simulations
indicate that the lepton number violating nature of the underlying decay
dynamics can be confirmed via the reconstruction of \MST. The above decay is
interesting in the context of RPV models of neutrino mass where the RPV
couplings () driving the above decay are constrained to be
small (\lsim 10^{-3} - 10^{-4} ). If is the next lightest super
particle - a theoretically well motivated scenario - then the RPV decay can
naturally compete with the R-parity conserving (RPC) modes which also have
suppressed widths. The model independent limiting BR can delineate the
parameter space in specific supersymmetric models, where the dominating RPV
decay is observable and predict the minimum magnitude of the RPV coupling that
will be sensitive to Run-II data. We have found it to be in the same ballpark
value required by models of neutrino mass, for a wide range of \MST. A
comprehensive future strategy for linking top squark decays with models of
neutrino mass is sketched.Comment: 28 pages, 14 Figure
The ZEPLIN II dark matter detector: data acquisition system and data reduction
ZEPLIN-II is a two-phase (liquid/gas) xenon dark matter detector searching
for WIMP-nucleon interactions. In this paper we describe the data acquisition
system used to record the data from ZEPLIN-II and the reduction procedures
which parameterise the data for subsequent analysis.Comment: 11 pages, 10 figure
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