782 research outputs found
‘Born this way’? Prenatal exposure to testosterone may determine behavior in competition and conflict
Fetal exposure to sex hormones can have long lasting effects on human behavior. The second-to-fourth digit ratio (DR) is considered a putative marker for prenatal exposure to testosterone (vs. estrogens), with higher exposure resulting in lower DR. Even though testosterone is theoretically related to competition, the role of DR in human behavior is debated; and in situations such as bilateral conflict is unknown. We investigate this through a laboratory experiment using a repeated 2-person Tullock contest played in fixed same-gender pairs. Based on a previously obtained large sample of student subjects, we selectively invited participants to the laboratory if their right-hand DR was in the top (High-DR) or bottom (Low-DR) tercile for their gender. Unbeknownst to the subjects, we performed a controlled match of the DR types (Low-Low, Low-High, High-High). This novel methodology allows us to analyze the causal effect of DR on behavior for the first time in the literature. We find that Low-DR (vs. High-DR) males compete more aggressively regardless of the counterpart’s type. For females’ conflict behavior, the counterpart’s type matters more than the decision-maker’s type: Low-DRs are non-significantly more aggressive but everyone is more aggressive against High-DRs. Limitations due to sample size are discussed
Wang-Landau study of the 3D Ising model with bond disorder
We implement a two-stage approach of the Wang-Landau algorithm to investigate
the critical properties of the 3D Ising model with quenched bond randomness. In
particular, we consider the case where disorder couples to the nearest-neighbor
ferromagnetic interaction, in terms of a bimodal distribution of strong versus
weak bonds. Our simulations are carried out for large ensembles of disorder
realizations and lattices with linear sizes in the range . We apply
well-established finite-size scaling techniques and concepts from the scaling
theory of disordered systems to describe the nature of the phase transition of
the disordered model, departing gradually from the fixed point of the pure
system. Our analysis (based on the determination of the critical exponents)
shows that the 3D random-bond Ising model belongs to the same universality
class with the site- and bond-dilution models, providing a single universality
class for the 3D Ising model with these three types of quenched uncorrelated
disorder.Comment: 7 pages, 7 figures, to be published in Eur. Phys. J.
Urinary retention and the role of indwelling catheterization following total knee arthroplasty
Process simulation and optimal design of membrane separation system for CO2 capture from natural gas
Mirrorfolds with K3 Fibrations
We study a class of non-geometric string vacua realized as completely soluble
superconformal field theory (SCFT). These models are defined as `interpolating
orbifolds' of by the mirror transformation acting on the
fiber combined with the half-shift on the -base. They are variants of the
T-folds, the interpolating orbifolds by T-duality transformations, and thus may
be called `mirrorfolds'. Starting with arbitrary (compact or non-compact)
Gepner models for the fiber, we construct modular invariant partition
functions of general mirrorfold models. In the case of compact fiber the
mirrorfolds only yield non-supersymmetric string vacua. They exhibit IR
instability due to winding tachyon condensation which is similar to the
Scherk-Schwarz type circle compactification. When the fiber SCFT is non-compact
(say, the ALE space in the simplest case), on the other hand, both
supersymmetric and non-supersymmetric vacua can be constructed. The non-compact
non-supersymmetric mirrorfolds can get stabilised at the level of string
perturbation theory. We also find that in the non-compact supersymmeric
mirrorfolds D-branes are {\em always} non-BPS. These D-branes can get
stabilized against both open- and closed-string marginal deformations.Comment: Eqns (2.61) and (3.17) correcte
Single-particle and collective excitations in Zn 66
Single-particle and collective excitations in Zn66 have been investigated via the multinucleon transfer reaction, Mg26(Ca48, α4nγ) using the Gammasphere multidetector array and the Fragment Mass Analyzer. In addition to confirming and complementing the previously known low-spin structure, a new quasirotational band comprising several stretched E2 transitions has been established to high spins. However, due to fragmentary nature of its decay, it was not possible to link this sequence to the low-lying states and, thus, determine the absolute excitation energies, spins, and parities unambiguously. Large-scale shell-model calculations employing the JUN45 and jj44b effective interactions are able to successfully describe the low-spin structure and herewith confirm that it is dominated by single-particle excitations. The newly established rotational cascade is compared with known superdeformed bands in the A≈60-70 mass region, and with results of calculations performed within the frameworks of the cranked shell model and the adiabatic and configuration-fixed constrained covariant density functional theory and the quantum particle-rotor model
Single-particle and dipole excitations in Co 62
An extensive study of the level structure of Co62 has been performed following a complex multinucleon transfer reaction, Mg26(Ca48, 2α3npγ)Co62, at beam energies of 275, 290, and 320 MeV. The combination of the Gammasphere array, the fragment mass analyzer, and a focal-plane ionization chamber was used to identify and delineate excited levels in Co62. A considerable extension to the Co62 level scheme is proposed with firm spin-parity values assigned on the basis of angular distribution and correlation analyses. Various level sequences built upon states of single-particle character have been observed, and an interpretation of these structures in the framework of the spherical shell model is presented. At moderate spins, two dipole bands have been observed and, based on their phenomenological study, a possible magnetic rotation character is suggested. However, theoretical calculations performed using the particle rotor model support magnetic rotation for only one of these dipole bands
Exploring the stability of super heavy elements: First measurement of the fission barrier of 254No
The gamma-ray multiplicity and total energy emitted by the heavy nucleus 254No have been measured at 2 different beam energies. From these measurements, the initial distributions of spin I and excitation energy E * of 254No were constructed. The distributions display a saturation in excitation energy, which allows a direct determination of the fission barrier. 254No is the heaviest shell-stabilized nucleus with a measured fission barrier. © Owned by the authors, published by EDP Sciences, 2014
Neuropatogênese experimental da infecção pelo herpesvÃrus bovino tipo 5 em coelhos
Role of the νg9/2 orbital in the development of collectivity in the A≈60 region: The case of Co 61
An extensive study of the level structure of Co61 has been performed following the complex Mg26(Ca48,2α4npγ)Co61 reaction at beam energies of 275, 290, and 320 MeV using Gammasphere and the Fragment Mass Analyzer (FMA). The low-spin structure is discussed within the framework of shell-model calculations using the GXPF1A effective interaction. Two quasirotational bands consisting of stretched-E2 transitions have been established up to spins I=41/2 and (43/2), and excitation energies of ∼17 and ∼20 MeV, respectively. These are interpreted as signature partners built on a neutron ν(g9/2)2 configuration coupled to a proton πp3/2 state, based on cranked shell model (CSM) calculations and comparisons with observations in neighboring nuclei. In addition, four ΔI=1 bands were populated to high spin, with the yrast dipole band interpreted as a possible candidate for the shears mechanism, a process seldom observed thus far in this mass region
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