Structural and functional changes of mitochondria in rat cardiomyocytes in subacute administration of sydnocarb

We described three types of mitochondria, differing in shape, size and density of cristae. During subacute administration, sydnocarb has cardiotoxic effect in form of degradation of mitochondria and mitochondrial cristae. Due to sydnocarb-induced vasodilatation and swelling of cardiomyocytes, the most sensitive to hypoxia were type-1 mitochondria. It was reported not only about destruction of cristae, but also mitochondrial degradation in some areas of cardiomyocytes. The least sensitive to increasing hypoxia were type-3 mitochondria

Problems of neuropsychology as a methodological approach to the higher mental functions studies

У статті проаналізовано проблеми нейропсихології як методології вивчення вищих психічних функцій людини. Детально розглянуто відмінності вітчизняної та зарубіжних наукових шкіл, представлено основні класи понять нейропсихології. Теорія системної динамічної локалізації вищих психічних функцій є центральним розділом учення вітчизняної нейропсихології. Вона дозволяє не лише пояснити відмінності клінічної феноменології, але й передбачає можливість появи нових фактів і досліджень, що нині є основю для вивчення складної проблеми мозкового субстрату психічних процесів. В статье дан анализ проблемы нейропсихологии как методологии изучения высших психических функций человека. Детально рассмотрены отличия отечественной и зарубежных научных школ, представлены основные классы понятий нейропсихологии. Теория системной динамической локализации высших психических функций представляет центральный раздел в понятиях отечественной нейропсихологии. Она позволяет не только объяснять различную клиническую феноменологию, но и предусматривает возможность появления новых фактов и исследований, что сегодня является основой для изучения сложной проблемы мозгового субстрата психических процессов. The paper researches the problem of neuropsychology as a methodology for studying the higher mental human functions. The differences between domestic and foreign scientific schools are examined in detail, the main classes of concepts of neuropsychology are presented. The theory of systemic dynamic localization of higher mental human functions represents the main section in the concepts of domestic neuropsychology. It allows not only to explain the various clinical phenomenology, but also provides for the possible emergency of new facts and investigations, which is the basis for contemporary research of the complex issue of the brain substrate of mental processes

Velocity-space sensitivity of the time-of-flight neutron spectrometer at JET

The velocity-space sensitivities of fast-ion diagnostics are often described by so-called weight functions. Recently, we formulated weight functions showing the velocity-space sensitivity of the often dominant beam-target part of neutron energy spectra. These weight functions for neutron emission spectrometry (NES) are independent of the particular NES diagnostic. Here we apply these NES weight functions to the time-of-flight spectrometer TOFOR at JET. By taking the instrumental response function of TOFOR into account, we calculate time-of-flight NES weight functions that enable us to directly determine the velocity-space sensitivity of a given part of a measured time-of-flight spectrum from TOFOR

Relationship of edge localized mode burst times with divertor flux loop signal phase in JET

A phase relationship is identified between sequential edge localized modes (ELMs) occurrence times in a set of H-mode tokamak plasmas to the voltage measured in full flux azimuthal loops in the divertor region. We focus on plasmas in the Joint European Torus where a steady H-mode is sustained over several seconds, during which ELMs are observed in the Be II emission at the divertor. The ELMs analysed arise from intrinsic ELMing, in that there is no deliberate intent to control the ELMing process by external means. We use ELM timings derived from the Be II signal to perform direct time domain analysis of the full flux loop VLD2 and VLD3 signals, which provide a high cadence global measurement proportional to the voltage induced by changes in poloidal magnetic flux. Specifically, we examine how the time interval between pairs of successive ELMs is linked to the time-evolving phase of the full flux loop signals. Each ELM produces a clear early pulse in the full flux loop signals, whose peak time is used to condition our analysis. The arrival time of the following ELM, relative to this pulse, is found to fall into one of two categories: (i) prompt ELMs, which are directly paced by the initial response seen in the flux loop signals; and (ii) all other ELMs, which occur after the initial response of the full flux loop signals has decayed in amplitude. The times at which ELMs in category (ii) occur, relative to the first ELM of the pair, are clustered at times when the instantaneous phase of the full flux loop signal is close to its value at the time of the first ELM