Luminescence Dating of Beach Dunes and Fluvial Sediments, Nayarit, Mexico

The Pacific coast of the state of Nayarit, Mexico, is dominated by extensive sand dune systems and lagoons. 16 samples from three transects through dunes near the town of Santa Cruz were collected to establish ages of the beach dune ridges and establish a robust chronology, to assist in understanding the depositional rates associated with different phases of the evolution of the strand plain. In addition, three samples were collected from a fluvial terrace on the San Pedro River which enters the Pacific near the southernmost of the dune transects. Quartz grains were extracted from the samples, and analysed using an Optically Stimulated Luminescence (OSL) method to determine stored dose and ages. The samples collected nearest the current coast have produced dates of 1500-1900AD, with samples further from the coast being progressively older, spanning a period of over 2000 years with oldest measured date of 400BC. The dates for the upper samples from the San Pedro River is consistent with the ages of the dunes nearest the coast, with the lower sample date closer to the dates of the older dunes further from the coast, indicating that this fluvial deposit was laid down over the same time period as the dune formation

Structural Achitecture of the Madrid Basin from 3D Gravity Inversion

The Madrid Basin is an intraplate Cenozoic basin located in the central area of the Iberian Peninsula. Basement is characterized by a wide range of lithologies, from meta-sediments to granites. Sedimentary section is associated with a carbonatic platform in Cretaceous time and with continental environments during Tertiary. During the second half of the last century 2D seismic data was acquired and some wells were drilled by several oil & gas companies. Due to the lack of refraction seismic, the geometry of the Moho is not very well-known in the area. This study presents the results of the 3D gravity inversion performed mainly to determine the configuration of the Moho. Also, the geometry of basement has been refined after the inversion. The initial model was constrained by surface geology, 2D seismic and well data. The final 3D model shows significant density variations within the basement and the presence of an intra-basement structure in the Central Iberian System

The impact of deep-sea fisheries and implementation of the UNGA Resolutions 61/105 and 64/72. Report of an international scientific workshop

The scientific workshop to review fisheries management, held in Lisbon in May 2011, brought together 22 scientists and fisheries experts from around the world to consider the United Nations General Assembly (UNGA) resolutions on high seas bottom fisheries: what progress has been made and what the outstanding issues are. This report summarises the workshop conclusions, identifying examples of good practice and making recommendations in areas where it was agreed that the current management measures fall short of their target

Characterizing of steel used in the construction of civil works in Almería

Se realizaron varios ensayos sobre las barras de acero utilizadas en la construcción de obra civil en Almería, durante el período comprendido entre 18/1/2000 y 7/05/2001, con el fin de caracterizar, mecánicamente, los diferentes tipos de aceros (soldables: B400S, B500S y soldable dúctil: B400SD) y, de esta fonua, determinar si existe alguna razón técnica para un incremento del consumo del acero soldable dúctil. Para ello, se ensayaron a tracción todas las muestras que llegaron al laboratorio, siguiendo las normas UNE 7474-1: 1992 y UNE 7474-2:1992. Los resultados indican que el acero B400SD cumple, sólo, en un 86 % los límites especificados en la norma UNE 36065:1999 -EX, frente al 95 y 94 % de los aceros B400S y B500S. Además, el acero soldable dúctil muestra unos valores medios inferiores al B400S. Este hecho discrepa de lo que se podría esperar según la norma que lo regulaVarious tests have be en conducted on the steel bars used in the construction of civil works in Almería (Spain) during the period 18 ]anuary 2000-7 May 2001, with the aim of mechanically characterizing the different types of steel (weldable: B400S, B500S and ductile weldable: B400SD) to determine whether there is a technical reason for the increase in the use of ductile weldable steel. For this, we have used a hydraulic machine to break by traction all the test samples that arrived to the laboratory, following the specifications of the UNE 7474-1:1992 and the UNE 7474-2:1992. The results indicate that only in 86 % of the cases does the steel B400SD satisfy the limits specified by the UNE 36065:1999-EX, as opposed to 95 and 94 % of the B400S and B500S steels. In addition, the ductile weldable steel registered mean values lower than those of B400S. This finding disagrees with expectations set by the specifications

ELM divertor peak energy fluence scaling to ITER with data from JET, MAST and ASDEX upgrade

A newly established scaling of the ELM energy fluence using dedicated data sets from JET operation with CFC & ILW plasma facing components (PFCs), ASDEX Upgrade (AUG) operation with both CFC and full-W PFCs and MAST with CFC walls has been generated. The scaling reveals an approximately linear depen- dence of the peak ELM energy with the pedestal top electron pressure and with the minor radius; a square root dependence is seen on the relative ELM loss energy. The result of this scaling gives a range in parallel peak ELM energy fluence of 10–30 MJm −2 for ITER Q = 10 operation and 2.5–7.5 MJm −2 for in- termediate ITER operation at 7.5 MA and 2.65 T. These latter numbers are calculated using a numerical regression ( ε II = 0 . 28 MJ m 2 n 0 . 75 e T 1 e E 0 . 5 ELM R 1 geo ). A simple model for ELM induced thermal load is introduced, resulting in an expression for the ELM energy fluence of ε II ∼= 6 πp e R geo q edge . The relative ELM loss energy in the data is between 2–10% and the ELM energy fluence varies within a range of 10 0.5 ∼3 con- sistently for each individual device. The so far analysed power load database for ELM mitigation experi- ments from JET-EFCC and Kicks, MAST-RMP and AUG-RMP operation are found to be consistent with both the scaling and the introduced model, ie not showing a further reduction with respect to their pedestal pressure. The extrapolated ELM energy fluencies are compared to material limits in ITER and found to be of concern.RCUK Energy Programme P012450/1EURATOM 63305

Characterisation of the deuterium recycling at the W divertor target plates in JET during steady-state plasma conditions and ELMs

Experiments in the JET tokamak equipped with the ITER-like wall (ILW) revealed that the inner and outer target plate at the location of the strike points represent after one year of operation intact tungsten (W) surfaces without any beryllium (Be) surface coverage. The dynamics of nearsurface retention, implantation, desorption and recycling of deuterium (D) in the divertor of plasma discharges are determined by W target plates. As the W plasma-facing components (PFCs) are not actively cooled, the surface temperature (Tsurface) is increasing with plasma exposure, varying the balance between these processes in addition to the impinging deuteron fluxes and energies. The dynamic behaviour on a slow time scale of seconds was quantified in a series of identical L-mode discharges (JET Pulse Number (JPN) # - 81938 73) by intra-shot gas analysis providing the reduction of deuterium retention in W PFCs by 1/3 at a base temperature (Tbase) range at the outer target plate between 65 °C and 150 °C equivalent to a Tsurface span of 150 °C and 420 °C. The associated recycling and molecular D desorption during the discharge varies only at lowest temperatures moderately, whereas desorption between discharges rises significantly with increasing Tbase. The retention measurements represent the sum of inner and outer divertor interaction at comparable Tsurface. The dynamic behaviour on a fast time scale of ms was studied in a series of identical H-mode discharges (JPN # - 83623 83974) and coherent edge-localized mode (ELM) averaging. High energetic ELMs of about 3 keV are impacting on the W PFCs with fluxes of 3 ´ 10 D s m 23 1 +- -2 which is about four times higher than inter-ELM ion fluxes with an impact energy of about Eim = 200 eV. This intra-ELM ion flux is associated with a high heat flux of about 60 MW m−2 to the outer target plate which causes Tsurface rise by Δ T = 100 K per ELM covering finally the range between 160 °C and 1400 °C during the flat-top phase. ELM-induced desorption from saturated nearsurface implantation regions as well as deep ELM-induced deuterium implantation areas under varying baseline temperature takes place. Subsequent refuelling by intra-ELM deuteron fluxes occurs and a complex interplay between deuterium fuelling and desorption can be observed in the temporal ELM footprint of the surface temperature (IR thermography), the impinging deuteron flux (Langmuir probes), and the Balmer radiation (emission spectroscopy) as representative for the deuterium recycling flux. In contrast to JET-C, a pronounced second peak, ; 8 ms delayed with respect to the initial ELM crash, in the Dα radiation and the ion flux has been observed. The peak can be related to desorption of implanted energetic intra-ELM D+ diffusing to the W surface, and performing local recycling.EURATOM 63305

A Survey on Virtue in Business and Management (1980-2011)

Virtue ethics is generally recognized as one of the three major schools of ethics, but is often waylaid by utilitarianism and deontology in business and management literature. Focusing on publications in the Thomson-Reuters Journal of Citation Report between 1980 and 2011, we use EBSCO and ABI databases to look for articles containing the keywords 'virtue ethics', 'virtue theory' or 'virtuousness' in the abstract together with 'business' or 'management' in the text. We refined our search to draw lists of the most prolific authors, the most cited authors, the most cited articles and the journals with the most virtue ethics publications. This information allows us to chart how virtue ethics articles have evolved through the decades and establish clusters of authors as well as clusters of themes. These findings also provide a foundation for future study of the meanings of virtue ethics and the achievement and potential of different persuasions within virtue ethics research. We believe this will make a significant contribution to business ethics scholarship and management education by supplying both with a solid philosophical and anthropological mooring

Sub-arcsecond radio and optical observations of the likely counterpart to the gamma-ray source 2FGL J2056.7+4939

We have searched and reviewed all multi- wavelength data available for the region towards the gamma-ray source 2FGL J2056.7+4939 in order to con- strain its possible counterpart at lower energies. As a result, only a point-like optical/infrared source with flat-spectrum radio emission is found to be consistent with all X-ray and gamma-ray error circles. Its struc- ture is marginally resolved at radio wavelengths at the sub-arcsecond level. An extragalactic scenario appears to be the most likely interpretation for this object.Comment: 5 pages, 3 figures, 1 tabl

Efficacy and efficiency of a new therapeutic approach based on activity-oriented proprioceptive antiedema therapy (TAPA) for edema reduction and improved occupational performance in the rehabilitation of breast cancer-related arm lymphedema in women: a controlled, randomized clinical trial

Background: Breast cancer (BC) is a major public health issue. More than one out of five women treated for breast cancer will develop lymphedema in an upper extremity. Current evidence advocates transdisciplinary oncological rehabilitation. Therefore, research in this area is necessary since limited consensus having been reached with regard to the basic essential components of this rehabilitation. Consensus has, however, been reached on the use of decongestive lymphedema therapy (DLT), but due to a lack of tests, the necessary dosages are unknown and its level is moderately strong. This study attempts to verify both the efficacy of activity-oriented proprioceptive antiedema therapy (TAPA), as compared to conventional treatments such as DLT or Complex Physical Therapy (CPT), as well as its efficiency in terms of cost-effectiveness, for patients affected by breast cancer-related arm lymphedema. Methods: Controlled, randomized clinical trial with dual stratification, two parallel arms, longitudinal and single blind. 64 women with breast cancer-related arm lymphedema will take part in the study. The experimental group intervention will be the same for stage I and II, and will consist of neuro-dynamic exercises oriented to the activity, proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation activities and proprioceptive anti-edema bandaging. The control group intervention, depending on the stage, will consist of preventive measures, skin care and exercise-prescribed training in the lymphedema workshop as well as compression garments (Stage I) or conservative Complex Decongestive Therapy treatment (skin care, multi-layer bandaging, manual lymphatic drainage and massage therapy) (Stage II). Results: Sociodemographic and clinical variables will be collected for the measurement of edema volume and ADL performance. Statistical analysis will be performed on intent to treat. Discussion: It has been recommended that patient training be added to DLT, as well as a re-designing of patient lifestyles and the promotion of health-related aspects. In addition, clinical trials should be undertaken to assess neural mobilization techniques and proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation should be included in the therapy. Cohesive bandaging will also be performed as an early form of pressotherapy. The proposed study combines all of these aspects in order to increased comfort and promote the participation of individuals with lymphedema in everyday situations. Limitations: The authors have proposed the assessment of the experimental treatment for stages I and II. One possible limitation is the lack of awareness of whether or not this treatment would be effective for other stages as well as the concern for proper hand cleansing during use of bandages, given the current COVID-19 pandemic situation. Trial registration: This trial was registered in ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT03762044). Date of registration: 23 November 2018. Prospectively Registered