Tetrafluoroazidoaniline and Method of Making and Using the Same

The invention is directed to a novel compounds comprising 4-azidotetrafluoroaniline and the alkyl, acyl and sulfonamide derivatives thereof and to methods of making and using the same. The novel compounds are useful as a photoaffinity probe to study protein structure and function. Two methods for preparing 4-azidotetrafluoroaniline are disclosed, each employing a stable carbamate intermediate from which the 4-azidotetrafluoroaniline is derived

Farnesyl Pyrophosphate Analogs

The post-translational addition of a farnesyl moiety to the Ras oncoprotein is essential for its membrane localization and is required for both its biological activity and ability to induce malignant transformation. The present invention describes design and synthesis of a farnesylpyrophosphate (FPP) analog, 8-anilinogeranyl pyrophosphate (AGPP) that is transferred to Ras by farnesyltransferase (FTase), in which the ω-terminal isoprene unit of the farnesyl group has been replaced with an aniline functionality. AGPP potently inhibited FTase activity in vitro (IC50=0.6 μM) and is highly selective showing little inhibitory activity against either geranylgeranyl-protein transferase type I (GGTase I) (IC50=31 μM) or the utilization of FPP by the enzyme squalene synthase (IC50=1000 μM). Kinetic analyses suggest that AGPP acts as a competitive inhibitor of FTase with respect to FPP. In vitro studies using [3H]AGPP show that the analog was appropriately transferred by FTase to Ras. Derivitization of AGPP with a bulky iodo group on the aniline ring does not significantly alter its biochemical properties. These data indicate that the modified molecules are the first truly transferable analogs of FPP and open the door to additional analogs to probe the biological function of protein farnesylation

PENGARUH TINGKAT PENDIDIKAN DAN PEKERJAAN TERHADAP ORAL HYGIENE PADA IBU HAMIL DI RSUD MEURAXA BANDA ACEH

ABSTRAKNama: Muhammad AdriansyahProgram Studi: Kedokteran GigiJudul:Pengaruh Tingkat Pendidikan dan Pekerjaan Terhadap Oral Hygiene pada Ibu Hamil di RSUD Meuraxa Banda AcehPendidikan adalah faktor sosial ekonomi yang mempengaruhi status kesehatan. Pekerjaan dihubungkan dengan tingkat pendidikan dan penghasilan, dimana pekerjaan membutuhkan latar belakang pendidikan yang tinggi, dan penghasilan dimana seseorang mempunyai penghasilan lebih besar maka akan mampu memenuhi kebutuhan dalam menjaga kesehatan gigi dan mulut. Selama masa kehamilan, wanita mengalami beberapa perubahan fisiologis yang menyebabkan terjadinya perubahan hormonal. Perubahan fisiologis juga berdampak pada perubahan menjaga kesehatan gigi dan mulut, sehingga wanita hamil lebih rentan terkena masalah gigi dan mulut. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui pengaruh tingkat pendidikan dan pekerjaan terhadap oral hygiene pada ibu hamil di RSUD Meuraxa Banda Aceh. Jenis penelitian ini bersifat analitik dengan metode cross sectional untuk melihat hubungan antar dua variabel. Penelitian ini melibatkan 48 subjek yang memenuhi kriteria inklusi. Subjek penelitian mengisi kuisioner yang diberikan serta diperiksa tingkat kebersihan rongga mulutnya. Data dianalisis dengan SPSS menggunakan Korelasi Spearman. Hasil uji menunjukkan ada pengaruh yang signifikan antara tingkat pendidikan (

cDNA Cloning of Biologically Active Chicken Interleukin-18

By searching a chicken EST database, we identified a cDNA clone that appeared to contain the entire open reading frame (ORF) of chicken interleukin-18 (ChIL-18). The encoded protein consists of 198 amino acids and exhibits approximately 30% sequence identity to IL-18 of humans and various others mammals. Sequence comparisons reveals a putative caspase-1 cleavage site at aspartic acid 29 of the primary translation product, indicating that mature ChIL-18 might consist of 169 amino acids. Bacterially expressed ChIL-18 in which the N-terminal 29 amino acids of the putative precursor molecule were replaced by a histidine tag induced the synthesis of interferon-γ (IFN-γ) in cultured primary chicken spleen cells, indicating that the recombinant protein is biologically active

Development, implementation, and validation of a generic nutrient recovery model (NRM) library

The reported research developed a generic nutrient recovery model (NRM) library based on detailed chemical solution speciation and reaction kinetics, with focus on fertilizer quality and quantity as model outputs. Dynamic physicochemical three-phase process models for precipitation/crystallization, stripping and acidic air scrubbing as key unit processes were developed. In addition, a compatible biological-physicochemical anaerobic digester model was built. The latter includes sulfurgenesis, biological N/P/K/S release/uptake, interactions with organics, among other relevant processes, such as precipitation, ion pairing and liquid-gas transfer. Using a systematic database reduction procedure, a 3- to 5-fold improvement of model simulation speeds was obtained as compared to using full standard thermodynamic databases. Missing components and reactions in existing standard databases were discovered. Hence, a generic nutrient recovery database was created for future applications. The models were verified and validated against a range of experimental results. Their functionality in terms of increased process understanding and optimization was demonstrated

Renormalization group improvement of the spectrum of Hydrogen-like atoms with massless fermions

We obtain the next-to-next-to-leading-log renormalization group improvement of the spectrum of Hydrogen-like atoms with massless fermions by using potential NRQED. These results can also be applied to the computation of the muonic Hydrogen spectrum where we are able to reproduce some known double logs at O(m\alpha^6). We compare with other formalisms dealing with log resummation available in the literature.Comment: 9 pages, LaTeX. Minor changes, note added, final versio

The QCD heavy-quark potential to order v^2: one loop matching conditions

The one-loop QCD heavy quark potential is computed to order v^2 in the color singlet and octet channels. Several errors in the previous literature are corrected. To be consistent with the velocity power counting, the full dependence on |p' + p|/|p' - p| is kept. The matching conditions for the NRQCD one-loop potential are computed by comparing the QCD calculation with that in the effective theory. The graphs in the effective theory are also compared to terms from the hard, soft, potential, and ultrasoft regimes in the threshold expansion. The issue of off-shell versus on-shell matching and gauge dependence is discussed in detail for the 1/(m k) term in the potential. Matching on-shell gives a 1/(m k) potential that is gauge independent and does not vanish for QED.Comment: 28 pages, References added and minor changes to section III, results unchange