Carcass characteristics and meat quality of sheep fed buffelgrass silage to replace corn silage

The aim of the study was to evaluate the carcass characteristics, proximate composition, and sensorial attributes of meat from sheep fed diets in which buffelgrass silage replaced corn silage. Thirty-two intact male crossbred Santa Inês sheep with an average live weight of 20.09 ± 2.0 kg were housed in individual stalls and allotted at random to four treatments in which corn silage was replaced by buffelgrass silage at the levels of 0 (control), 33.3%, 66.6%, and 100%. After an adaption period of 10 days, the sheep were fed for an additional 61 days. Feed was offered ad libitum and corn silage comprised 60% of the diet for the control group. Carcass characteristics, non-carcass components and meat quality were evaluated. Hot carcass yield, cold carcass yield, true carcass yield, trimmings, fat weight, and mesenteric and omental fat weight were highest for the control group (P <0.05). Loin eye area had a quadratic response (P =0.02), with the largest areas being observed in animals fed the diet containing 66.6% buffelgrass silage. Liver weight (P <0.01), luminosity of the meat (P <0.05), and cooking loss (P <0.05) likewise had nonlinear responses to the concentration of buffelgrass silage in the diet. The treatments did not have significant negative influence on the nutritional and organoleptic characteristics of the meat

Métodos de amostragem para a detecção e estimativa das populações de insectos associados ao arroz pós-colheita

The present work has the objective to implement the components of Integrated Pest Management into the current system of the paddy rice post-harvest. The assays had been initiated in bulk paddy stored in warehouse and silos after the harvest. Some methods of sampling were evaluated to get more quantitative estimates of insect pest populations in the cereal: examination of grain samples and investigating pitfall and StorGard WB Probe II traps without attraction baits. Also, Storgard Dome traps were used, with atractants (food and pheromones) for ascertaining residual infestations under drying silos. The results show that traps are much more efficient than the examination of grain samples for determining infestation. The StorGard WB Probe II traps captured significantly more insects and more species than did pitfall traps. StorGard WB Probe II traps have the advantage to intercept insects to some depths, are easy to handle, are durable, are continuously acting and can detect the insect populations at low densities. The Storgard Dome traps captured several insect species and was useful in the detection of sources of infestations. The relative density and the spatial pattern were examined for Cryptophagus saginatus, Sitophilus zeamais, S. oryzae, Coninomus constrictus, Carpophilus dimediatus, Ptinus raptor, Oryzaephilus surinamensis, Tribolium castaneum, Gnathocerus cornutus and Sitotroga cerealella

Avaliação do lodo de esgoto como alternativa para adubação orgânica em grama-esmeralda (<i>Zoysia japonica</i> Steud.)

O lixo e o lodo de esgoto (LE) são os principais resíduos produzidos nas cidades, são ricos em material orgânico e nutrientes, sugerindo aplicação no solo. No LE encontram-se nutrientes e metais pesados. O LE na agricultura vem sendo mundialmente pesquisado. Dessa forma implantou-se um experimento em Manaus-AM para avaliar o LE como alternativa para adubação orgânica em grama-esmeralda (Z. japonica Steud.). Usou-se o Delineamento Inteiramente Casualizado, com 5 tratamentos e 5 repetições, sendo os tratamentos doses de LE: zero, 10, 20, 30 e 40 t/ha-1, respectivamente, T1, T2, T3, T4 e T5. Foram avaliados os pesos da matéria seca (MS) da parte aérea e MS da raiz e cobertura do solo. A MS da parte aérea foi maior de forma gradativa, da menor dosagem para a maior dosagem, em todos os tratamentos. A cobertura da superfície do solo, visualmente, foi maior quanto maior foi à dose de LE, o maior percentual da biomassa da raiz em relação à biomassa total foi no T1 – Testemunha, com 41 %.Garbage and sewage sludge (SS) are the main waste produced in cities are rich in organic matter and nutrients, suggesting soil application. In SS are nutrients and heavy metals. The SS in agriculture has been researched worldwide. Thus we implemented an experiment in Manaus-AM to assess the SS as an alternative to organic fertilization on grass emerald (Z. japonica Steud.). It used the completely randomized design, with five treatments and five repetitions, and the SS doses treatments: zero, 10, 20, 30 and 40 t/ha-1, respectively, T1, T2, T3, T4 and T5. The weight of dry matter (DM) of shoot and root DM and land cover were evaluated. The DM of was higher gradually, the lowest dosage to the highest dosage, in all treatments. The coverage of the soil surface, visually, was greater the greater was the LE dose, the greatest percentage of root biomass to the total biomass was at T1 - Control with 41%.Eje A4: Ambiente, Naturaleza y AgroecologíaFacultad de Ciencias Agrarias y Forestale

Avaliação do lodo de esgoto como alternativa para adubação orgânica em grama-esmeralda (<i>Zoysia japonica</i> Steud.)

O lixo e o lodo de esgoto (LE) são os principais resíduos produzidos nas cidades, são ricos em material orgânico e nutrientes, sugerindo aplicação no solo. No LE encontram-se nutrientes e metais pesados. O LE na agricultura vem sendo mundialmente pesquisado. Dessa forma implantou-se um experimento em Manaus-AM para avaliar o LE como alternativa para adubação orgânica em grama-esmeralda (Z. japonica Steud.). Usou-se o Delineamento Inteiramente Casualizado, com 5 tratamentos e 5 repetições, sendo os tratamentos doses de LE: zero, 10, 20, 30 e 40 t/ha-1, respectivamente, T1, T2, T3, T4 e T5. Foram avaliados os pesos da matéria seca (MS) da parte aérea e MS da raiz e cobertura do solo. A MS da parte aérea foi maior de forma gradativa, da menor dosagem para a maior dosagem, em todos os tratamentos. A cobertura da superfície do solo, visualmente, foi maior quanto maior foi à dose de LE, o maior percentual da biomassa da raiz em relação à biomassa total foi no T1 – Testemunha, com 41 %.Garbage and sewage sludge (SS) are the main waste produced in cities are rich in organic matter and nutrients, suggesting soil application. In SS are nutrients and heavy metals. The SS in agriculture has been researched worldwide. Thus we implemented an experiment in Manaus-AM to assess the SS as an alternative to organic fertilization on grass emerald (Z. japonica Steud.). It used the completely randomized design, with five treatments and five repetitions, and the SS doses treatments: zero, 10, 20, 30 and 40 t/ha-1, respectively, T1, T2, T3, T4 and T5. The weight of dry matter (DM) of shoot and root DM and land cover were evaluated. The DM of was higher gradually, the lowest dosage to the highest dosage, in all treatments. The coverage of the soil surface, visually, was greater the greater was the LE dose, the greatest percentage of root biomass to the total biomass was at T1 - Control with 41%.Eje A4: Ambiente, Naturaleza y AgroecologíaFacultad de Ciencias Agrarias y Forestale

Avaliação do lodo de esgoto como alternativa para adubação orgânica em grama-esmeralda (<i>Zoysia japonica</i> Steud.)

O lixo e o lodo de esgoto (LE) são os principais resíduos produzidos nas cidades, são ricos em material orgânico e nutrientes, sugerindo aplicação no solo. No LE encontram-se nutrientes e metais pesados. O LE na agricultura vem sendo mundialmente pesquisado. Dessa forma implantou-se um experimento em Manaus-AM para avaliar o LE como alternativa para adubação orgânica em grama-esmeralda (Z. japonica Steud.). Usou-se o Delineamento Inteiramente Casualizado, com 5 tratamentos e 5 repetições, sendo os tratamentos doses de LE: zero, 10, 20, 30 e 40 t/ha-1, respectivamente, T1, T2, T3, T4 e T5. Foram avaliados os pesos da matéria seca (MS) da parte aérea e MS da raiz e cobertura do solo. A MS da parte aérea foi maior de forma gradativa, da menor dosagem para a maior dosagem, em todos os tratamentos. A cobertura da superfície do solo, visualmente, foi maior quanto maior foi à dose de LE, o maior percentual da biomassa da raiz em relação à biomassa total foi no T1 – Testemunha, com 41 %.Garbage and sewage sludge (SS) are the main waste produced in cities are rich in organic matter and nutrients, suggesting soil application. In SS are nutrients and heavy metals. The SS in agriculture has been researched worldwide. Thus we implemented an experiment in Manaus-AM to assess the SS as an alternative to organic fertilization on grass emerald (Z. japonica Steud.). It used the completely randomized design, with five treatments and five repetitions, and the SS doses treatments: zero, 10, 20, 30 and 40 t/ha-1, respectively, T1, T2, T3, T4 and T5. The weight of dry matter (DM) of shoot and root DM and land cover were evaluated. The DM of was higher gradually, the lowest dosage to the highest dosage, in all treatments. The coverage of the soil surface, visually, was greater the greater was the LE dose, the greatest percentage of root biomass to the total biomass was at T1 - Control with 41%.Eje A4: Ambiente, Naturaleza y AgroecologíaFacultad de Ciencias Agrarias y Forestale

Genome-wide Association Study of Periodontal Pathogen Colonization

Pathological shifts of the human microbiome are characteristic of many diseases, including chronic periodontitis. To date, there is limited evidence on host genetic risk loci associated with periodontal pathogen colonization. We conducted a genome-wide association (GWA) study among 1,020 white participants of the Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities Study, whose periodontal diagnosis ranged from healthy to severe chronic periodontitis, and for whom “checkerboard” DNA-DNA hybridization quantification of 8 periodontal pathogens was performed. We examined 3 traits: “high red” and “high orange” bacterial complexes, and “high” Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans (Aa) colonization. Genotyping was performed on the Affymetrix 6.0 platform. Imputation to 2.5 million markers was based on HapMap II-CEU, and a multiple-test correction was applied (genome-wide threshold of p < 5 × 10−8). We detected no genome-wide significant signals. However, 13 loci, including KCNK1, FBXO38, UHRF2, IL33, RUNX2, TRPS1, CAMTA1, and VAMP3, provided suggestive evidence (p < 5 × 10−6) of association. All associations reported for “red” and “orange” complex microbiota, but not for Aa, had the same effect direction in a second sample of 123 African-American participants. None of these polymorphisms was associated with periodontitis diagnosis. Investigations replicating these findings may lead to an improved understanding of the complex nature of host-microbiome interactions that characterizes states of health and disease

Disentangling planetary orbits from stellar activity in radial-velocity surveys

The majority of extra-solar planets have been discovered (or confirmed after follow-up) through radial-velocity (RV) surveys. Using ground-based spectrographs such as High Accuracy Radial Velocity Planetary Search (HARPS) and HARPS-North, it is now possible to detect planets that are only a few times the mass of the Earth. However, the presence of dark spots on the stellar surface produces RV signals that are very similar in amplitude to those caused by orbiting low-mass planets. Disentangling these signals has thus become the biggest challenge in the detection of Earth-mass planets using RV surveys. To do so, we use the star's lightcurve to model the RV variations produced by spots. Here we present this method and show the results of its application to CoRoT-