The inner dark matter distribution of the Cosmic Horseshoe (J1148+1930) with gravitational lensing and dynamics

We present a detailed analysis of the inner mass structure of the Cosmic Horseshoe (J1148+1930) strong gravitational lens system observed with the Hubble Space Telescope (HST) Wide Field Camera 3 (WFC3). In addition to the spectacular Einstein ring, this systems shows a radial arc. We obtained the redshift of the radial arc counter image $z_\text{s,r} = 1.961 \pm 0.001$ from Gemini observations. To disentangle the dark and luminous matter, we consider three different profiles for the dark matter distribution: a power-law profile, the NFW, and a generalized version of the NFW profile. For the luminous matter distribution, we base it on the observed light distribution that is fitted with three components: a point mass for the central light component resembling an active galactic nucleus, and the remaining two extended light components scaled by a constant M/L. To constrain the model further, we include published velocity dispersion measurements of the lens galaxy and perform a self-consistent lensing and axisymmetric Jeans dynamical modeling. Our model fits well to the observations including the radial arc, independent of the dark matter profile. Depending on the dark matter profile, we get a dark matter fraction between 60 % and 70 %. With our composite mass model we find that the radial arc helps to constrain the inner dark matter distribution of the Cosmic Hoseshoe independently of the dark matter profile.Comment: 19 pages, 14 figures, 8 tables, submitted to A&

Systems Engineering to Systems Biology

No abstract provided. First paragraph: The ‘bottom-up’ approach to systems biology entails quantitatively studying complex biological processes by analyzing their molecular components. A converse system biology approach is to infer properties of biological systems in a ‘top-down’ fashion, using a variety of network reverse engineering methods, data-driven modeling and data integration strategies. Application of a top-down approach to the quantitative biology of a small size system is however less common. In a recent publication, Mettetal et al (2008) have insightfully applied such a strategy to successfully decode critical properties of osmo-adaptation in the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae

The Use of Clustering and Classification Methods in Machine Learning and Comparison of Some Algorithms of the Methods

In this article, two machine learning methods such as classification and clustering are used for decision tree (DT), artificial neural network (ANN), and K-nearest neighbors algorithms. The datasets were used to evaluate the effectiveness of the clustering method and the data mining tool. Weather data were used to compare algorithms and methods in the study. This study showed that the best model was DT according to accuracy and precision measures but the best model according to F-measure and receiver operating characteristic curve area measures was ANN. Waikato Environment for Knowledge Analysis, a data mining tool, is utilized in this paper to carry out the clustering

Changes in some physico-chemical content of Anatolian buffalo milk according to the some environmental factors

The aim of this study was to determine the some physico-chemical content of raw milk from Anatolian water buffaloes raised under different village conditions in the Tokat province of Northern Turkey. The study materials included 1272 milk samples from 149 water buffaloes raised at 12 separate villages of the Erbaa, Turhal, and Pazar counties in the Tokat Province. Milk samples were collected during the morning milking between the months of February and May 2012 to 2014. The density, freezing point degree, dry matter, nonfat dry matter (or solid non fat), fat, protein, lactose, milk urea nitrogen and casein content of the milk samples were determined. The study results demonstrated that the mean dry matter, nonfat dry matter, fat, protein, lactose, casein content, density, milk urea nitrogen (MUN) and freezing point degree (FPD) of the raw milk samples were 16.99±0.108%, 10.88±0.036%, 5.98±0.107%, 4.85±0.043%, 5.17±0.021%, 3.61±0.036%, 1029±0.056, 21, 22 mg/dl and 0.55°C, respectively. The study data were evaluated according to the water buffaloes’ lactation stage, parity, and season by using the SPSS statistical program. It was concluded that the sampling time, parity, village conditions, stage of lactation and calving age had a significant effect (P<0.05) on the density, freezing point degree, dry matter, nonfat dry matter, fat, protein, lactose, and casein content of raw milk from the Anatolian water buffalo. © 2016, Kasetsart University. All rights reserved.TAGEM/60MANDA2011-01 --This investigation was supported by Republic of Turkey Ministry of Food, Agriculture and Livestock, General Directorate of Agricultural Research and Policies for financial support (TAGEM/60MANDA2011-01). -

Influencia del tostado por microondas en los componentes bioactivos y los parámetros químicos del aceite de semilla de higo prensado en frío

The effect of microwave roasting process on the compositional parameters and bioactive contents of fig seed oil were investigated. Fig seeds were ground and roasted in a microwave oven at 350, 460 and 600 Watt for 5 and 10 minutes and the roasted seeds were processed to obtain oil. The results showed that peroxide, K232&nbsp;and K270&nbsp;values were adversely affected by roasting. Fig seed oil was a prosperous source of γ-tocopherol and significant losses were observed due to microwave pre-treatment. The major fatty acids in fig seed oil were linolenic, linoleic and oleic acids; whereas the major triacylglycerols were LnLO, LnLnL, LnLnLn and LnLnO, according to fatty acid profile. The most abundant sterol in the fig seed oil samples was β-sitosterol with 3235.90 to 3625.62 mg/kg, followed by Δ5- and Δ7-avenasterols. The principal component analysis and agglomerative hierarchial clustering served to differentiate between intense and mild microwave-treated oils as well as the unroasted samples.Se investigó el efecto del proceso de tostado por microondas sobre los parámetros de composición y contenido bioactivo del aceite de semilla de higo. Las semillas de higo se molieron y tostaron en un horno de microondas a 350, 460 y 600 vatios durante 5 y 10 minutos a continuación se obtuvo el aceite. Los resultados han demostrado que los valores de peróxido, K232&nbsp;y K270&nbsp;se vieron afectados negativamente por el tostado. El aceite de semilla de higo es una buena fuente de γ-tocoferol y se observaron pérdidas significativas mediante el pretratamiento con microondas. Los principales ácidos grasos del aceite de semilla de higo fueron los ácidos linolénico, linoleico y oleico; mientras que los principales triacilgliceroles fueron LnLO, LnLnL, LnLnLn y LnLnO que ratificaron el perfil de ácidos grasos. El esterol más abundante de las muestras de aceite de semilla de higo fue el β-sitosterol que varió de 3235,90 a 3625,62 mg/kg, acompañado de Δ5-avenasterol y Δ7-avenasterol. El análisis de componentes principales y la agrupación jerárquica aglomerativa permitieron la diferenciación de aceites tratados con microondas intensos y suaves, así como las muestras sin tostar

GLaD: Gravitational Lensing and Dynamics, combined analysis to unveil properties of high-redshift galaxies

Dynamical modelling of Integral-Field-Unit (IFU) stellar kinematics is a powerful tool to unveil the dynamical structure and mass build-up of galaxies in the local Universe, while gravitational lensing is nature's cosmic telescope to explore the properties of galaxies beyond the local Universe. We present a new approach which unifies dynamical modelling of galaxies with the magnification power of strong gravitational lensing, to reconstruct the structural and dynamical properties of high-redshift galaxies. By means of axisymmetric Jeans modelling, we create a dynamical model of the source galaxy, assuming a surface brightness and surface mass density profile. We then predict how the source's surface brightness and kinematics would look like when lensed by the foreground mass distribution and compare with the mock observed arcs of strong gravitational lensing systems. For demonstration purposes, we create and analyse mock data of the strong lensing system RX J1131-1231. By modelling both the lens and source, we recover the dynamical mass within the effective radius of strongly lensed high-redshift sources within 5% uncertainty, and we improve the constraints on the lens mass parameters by up to 50%. This machinery is particularly well suited for future observations from large segmented-mirror telescopes, such as the James Webb Space Telescope, that will yield high sensitivity and angular-resolution IFU data for studying distant and faint galaxies.Comment: 16 pages, 13 figure

Comparison of meat quality and fatty acid profile in slow-growing chicken genotypes fed diets supplemented with Origanum vulgare or Melissa officinalis leaves under the organic system under the organic system

This study was conducted to compare the meat quality and selected fatty acids profile of two different slow-growing broiler genotypes (Hubbard S757; S757 and Hubbard Grey Barred JA; GB-JA) fed diets supplemented with dry oregano (Origanum vulgare L., OV; 10 g/kg basal diets) or lemon balm leaves (Melissa officinalis L., MO; 10 g/kg basal diets) under organic housing system. It is concluded that slow-growing genotypes had no effect on L* parameter of the breast, thigh and abdominal fat meat quality. Two hundred and forty chicks were allocated randomly into 4 experimental groups according to a 2x2 factorial arrange-ment. Birds were raised until 98 days in order to achieve an acceptable market live weight. The b* colours of breast and thigh meat were significant different among genotypes and also a* colour of breast meat of GB-JA increased (P<0.05). Slow-growing female broilers produced a higher dry matter content and lower fat content of breast meat as compared with males. There were the higher concentrations of linoleic (C18:2n-6) acid and the lower concentrations of linolenic acid (C18:3n-3) in genotypes fed with supplemented dry oregano or lemon balm leaves diet. Sex affected total unsaturated fatty acids (UFA) composition, polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) and linoleic acid, were higher in slow growing males breast meat as compared with females breast meat. These results suggested that the slow-growing genotypes might had influenced the colour of breast and thigh meat, although overall meat quality was not affected under the organic system. Key words: , , ,

Insecticidal Activity of Lichens against the Maize Weevil, Sitophilus zeamais Motschulsky (Coleoptera: Curculionidae

Extracts of Letharia vulpina (L.) Hue and Peltigera rufescens (Weiss) Humb. lichen species and two major lichen compounds (diffractaic and usnic acids), isolated from Usnea longissima Ach., were tested against adults of the maize weevil, Sitophilus zeamais Motschulsky under laboratory conditions at various concentrations (2.5, 5, 10, 20 mg.ml-1 for extracts and 1.25, 2.5, 5, 10 mg.ml-1 for major compounds) and at 24, 48, 72, and 96 h period. Results showed that both the extracts and the secondary metabolites of U. longissima had significant insecticidal effects on adults of S. zeamais. Mortality rate was the highest at 96 h period at the treatment of maximum concentration of extracts (20 mg.ml -1) and compounds (10 mg.ml-1). The mortality rates attained 96.97, 95.96, 96.97 and 76.77% for L. vulpine, P. rufescens, diffractaic and usnic acids, respectively. No mortality was found in the control. The present results suggest that the lichen extracts and the secondary metabolites can provide a good potential for the control of S. zeamais adults