19 research outputs found
PCR Results of Vector and Carrier Investigations for the Presence of Tick-Borne Borreliosis, Human Monocytic Ehrlichiosis, and Human Granulocytic Anaplasmosis Agents in Natural Foci of the Rostov Region
Objective of the study is to detect the circulation of the agents of ixodic tick-borne borreliosis (ITB), human monocytic ehrlichiosis (HME), and human granulocytic anaplasmosis (HGA) in samples collected from carriers and vectors of transmissible tick-borne infections using PCR-assay. Materials and methods. Field material was studied in PCR for evaluating the rate of infection by causative agents of tick-borne infections (tick-borne borrelioses, ehrlichioses, anaplasmosis) in combined natural foci on the territory of the Rostov Region. Results and conclusions. The data obtained during epizootiological investigations carried out in 21 administrative districts and 10 cities of the Rostov Region between 2014 and 2016 were used in the study. The results were indicative of spontaneous infection in ixodic ticks by ITB causative agent on the territory of the Rostov Region, as well as of presence of corresponding natural focus. Since 2013 the activity of different components of ITB natural focus was confirmed by the detection and official registration of patients. Moreover, in the Rostov Region for the first time ever the circulation of HME and HGA causative agents was recorded and territorially combined foci of HME and HGA with ITB were identified. The results obtained allow assuming the genesis of a focus of ixodic tick-borne borreliosis and monocytic and granulocytic ehrlichioses owing to annual expansion of the areal of ticks, infected by these pathogens, and animals on which the ticks are feeding. PCR-analysis is of significant value for assessment of spread of causative agents of the βtick-borneβ infections in the Rostov Region, forecasting of epidemiological situation, as well as implementation of preventive measures in the region
ΠΡΡ ΠΈ ΠΊΡΠΎΠ²ΠΎΡΠΎΡΠΊΠΈ (Hippoboscidae: Diptera) Π΄Π½Π΅Π²Π½ΡΡ (Falconiformes) ΠΈ Π½ΠΎΡΠ½ΡΡ (Strigiformes) Ρ ΠΈΡΠ½ΡΡ ΠΏΡΠΈΡ ΠΠ°Π»Π΅Π°ΡΠΊΡΠΈΠΊΠΈ
The purpose of the research: the study of the species composition of louse flies in diurnal (Falconiformes) and nocturnal (Strigiformes) birds of prey from Palearctic. Materials and methods. The material was collected during ornithological research on stationary plots of lands of Moscow and Moscow Region, Ukraine, Belarus and Kazakhstan. In 1997-2016 we examined six species of diurnal (Falconiformes) and seven species of nocturnal (Strigiformes) birds of prey, which are collected from 224 individuals of 4 species of louse flies. Results and discussion. 224 flies on diurnal (Falconiformes) and nocturnal (Strigiformes) birds of prey from Palearctic were determined. Four species of louse flies were registered: Ornithomyia avicularia (61,11 %), O. fringillina (29,03 %), Pseudolynchia canariensis (1 %), O. chloropus (0,1 %). O. avicularia was recorded in 18 species of Palearctic raptors. O. fringillina was observed on 5 of 26 species Palearctic raptors. P. canariensis was registered on 7 of 26; O. chloropus on 12 of 26 species of birds of prey. The greatest species diversity of louse flies (7 species: Ornithoica unicolor, Ornithomya avicularia, O. chloropus, O. fringillina, Ornithoctona auslatras, Pseudolynchia canariensis, P. garzettae) were found on the Eurasian Sparrowhawk (obligate ornitofag), on Goshawk - 3 species of keds (Ornithoica unicolor, Ornithomya avicularia, O. chloropus).Π¦Π΅Π»Ρ ΠΈΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠΉ: ΠΈΠ·ΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Π²ΠΈΠ΄ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠΎΡΡΠ°Π²Π° ΠΌΡΡ
ΠΊΡΠΎΠ²ΠΎΡΠΎΡΠΎΠΊ Π΄Π½Π΅Π²Π½ΡΡ
(Falconiformes) ΠΈ Π½ΠΎΡΠ½ΡΡ
(Strigiformes) Ρ
ΠΈΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΠΏΡΠΈΡ ΠΠ°Π»Π΅Π°ΡΠΊΡΠΈΠΊΠΈ. ΠΠ°ΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ°Π»Ρ ΠΈ ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄Ρ. ΠΠ°ΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ°Π» ΡΠΎΠ±ΠΈΡΠ°Π»ΠΈ Π² ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ΅ ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΈΡΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΡ
ΠΈΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠΉ Π½Π° ΡΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π°ΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΡΡΠ°ΡΡΠΊΠ°Ρ
ΠΠΎΡΠΊΠ²Ρ ΠΈ ΠΠΎΡΠΊΠΎΠ²ΡΠΊΠΎΠΉ ΠΎΠ±Π»Π°ΡΡΠΈ, Π£ΠΊΡΠ°ΠΈΠ½Ρ, ΠΠ΅Π»Π°ΡΡΡΠΈ, ΠΠ°Π·Π°Ρ
ΡΡΠ°Π½Π°. Π 1997-2016 Π³Π³. ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΎ 6 Π²ΠΈΠ΄ΠΎΠ² Π΄Π½Π΅Π²Π½ΡΡ
(Falconiformes) ΠΈ 7 Π²ΠΈΠ΄ΠΎΠ² Π½ΠΎΡΠ½ΡΡ
(Strigiformes) Ρ
ΠΈΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΠΏΡΠΈΡ, Ρ ΠΊΠΎΡΠΎΡΡΡ
ΡΠΎΠ±ΡΠ°Π½ΠΎ 224 ΠΎΡΠΎΠ±ΠΈ ΠΌΡΡ
ΠΊΡΠΎΠ²ΠΎΡΠΎΡΠΎΠΊ ΡΠ΅ΡΡΡΠ΅Ρ
Π²ΠΈΠ΄ΠΎΠ². Π Π΅Π·ΡΠ»ΡΡΠ°ΡΡ ΠΈ ΠΎΠ±ΡΡΠΆΠ΄Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅. ΠΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½ΠΎ Π΄ΠΎ Π²ΠΈΠ΄Π° 224 ΠΌΡΡ
Π½Π° Π΄Π½Π΅Π²Π½ΡΡ
(Falconiformes) ΠΈ Π½ΠΎΡΠ½ΡΡ
(Strigiformes) Ρ
ΠΈΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΠΏΡΠΈΡΠ°Ρ
ΠΠ°Π»Π΅Π°ΡΠΊΡΠΈΠΊΠΈ. ΠΠ°ΡΠ΅Π³ΠΈΡΡΡΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΎ ΡΠ΅ΡΡΡΠ΅ Π²ΠΈΠ΄Π° ΠΊΡΠΎΠ²ΠΎΡΠΎΡΠΎΠΊ: Ornithomyia avicularia (61,11%), O. fringillina (29,03%), Pseudolynchia canariensis (1%), O. chloropus (0,1%). O. avicularia ΠΈΠ·Π²Π΅ΡΡΠ½Π° Π΄Π»Ρ 18 Π²ΠΈΠ΄ΠΎΠ² Ρ
ΠΈΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΠΏΡΠΈΡ ΠΠ°Π»Π΅Π°ΡΠΊΡΠΈΠΊΠΈ. O. fringillina ΠΎΡΠΌΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π½Π° Π½Π° 5 ΠΈΠ· 26 Π²ΠΈΠ΄ΠΎΠ² Ρ
ΠΈΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΠΏΡΠΈΡ ΠΠ°Π»Π΅Π°ΡΠΊΡΠΈΠΊΠΈ. P. canariensis Π·Π°ΡΠ΅Π³ΠΈΡΡΡΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ Ρ 7 ΠΈΠ· 26 Π²ΠΈΠ΄ΠΎΠ² Ρ
ΠΈΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΠΏΡΠΈΡ, O. chloropus - Ρ 12 ΠΈΠ· 26 Π²ΠΈΠ΄ΠΎΠ² Ρ
ΠΈΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΠΏΡΠΈΡ. ΠΠ° ΡΡΡΡΠ΅Π±Π΅ ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ΅ΠΏΠ΅Π»ΡΡΠ½ΠΈΠΊΠ΅ (ΠΎΠ±Π»ΠΈΠ³Π°ΡΠ½ΡΠΉ ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΈΡΠΎΡΠ°Π³) ΠΎΠ±Π½Π°ΡΡΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΎ ΡΠ°ΠΌΠΎΠ΅ Π±ΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠΎΠ΅ Π²ΠΈΠ΄ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ΅ ΡΠ°Π·Π½ΠΎΠΎΠ±ΡΠ°Π·ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΊΡΠΎΠ²ΠΎΡΠΎΡΠΎΠΊ - 7 Π²ΠΈΠ΄ΠΎΠ²: Ornithoica unicolor, O. avicularia, O. chloropus, O. fringillina, Ornithoctona auslatras, P. canariensis, P. garzettae, Π½Π° ΡΠ΅ΡΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π²ΡΡΠ½ΠΈΠΊΠ΅ - 3 Π²ΠΈΠ΄Π° ΠΊΡΠΎΠ²ΠΎΡΠΎΡΠΎΠΊ: Or. unicolor, O. avicularia, O. chloropus
Epizooty of Tularemia, Detected in the Population of the Common Vole in the Natural Focus of Steppe Type in the South-East of the Rostov Region in 2020
The aim of study was to conduct epizootiological monitoring of natural tularemia foci of the steppe type and investigate epizootic activity in the south-east of the Rostov Region.Materials and methods. An epizootiological survey was carried out on the territory of Remontnensky, Salβsky and Peschanokopsky districts of the Rostov Region in 2019β2021. To capture and collect mammals, Ixodidae ticks and to study the samples of field material conventional methods were used.Results and discussion. Habitation of 16 species of small mammals, 6 species of Ixodidae ticks has been found. Molecular-genetic analysis of the voles has revealed the presence of the species Microtus arvalis obscurus in the studied area of the region. The circulation of the tularemia agent has been established in the population of common and social voles, forest mouse, hare, rook, Dermacentor marginatus, Hyalomma marginatum, removed from rooks. In May 2020, a high increase in the number of the social vole in the Remontnensky district (up to 21 %), in July 2020 β the common vole in the agrocenoses of the Salβsky district (up to 33 %) was observed. An extensive epizooty of tularemia was detected in the population of common vole in the south-east of the Rostov Region and in adjacent territories in the Republic of Kalmykia and the Stavropol territory. Two cultures of the pathogen were isolated from the fallen and captured social voles, and four cultures β from the common vole. The isolated strains belong to the Holarctic subspecies of Francisella tularensis EryR. The results obtained attest to the activation of the natural tularemia focus in the south-east of the Rostov Region and its high epizootic activity
ΠΠ½Π°Π»ΡΠ· ΡΠ°ΡΠΌΠ°ΡΠ΅Π²ΡΠΈΡΠ½ΠΎΡ ΡΠΊΠ»Π°Π΄ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΡ ΡΠΈΡΡΠ΅ΠΌΠΈ Π΅ΠΊΡΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΎΡ ΠΌΠ΅Π΄ΠΈΡΠ½ΠΎΡ Π΄ΠΎΠΏΠΎΠΌΠΎΠ³ΠΈ Π² Π£ΠΊΡΠ°ΡΠ½Ρ
Aim. To determine the role of the pharmaceutical component of emergency medical care inUkraine.Materials and methods. Methods of information search, content-analysis, methods of comparison and generalization were used to carry out the research tasks.Results and discussion. The organizational structure of emergency medical care inUkraine has been studied. It has been detailed that sub-subordinated structural units of the Department of Emergency Medical Care and Disaster Medicine at the Ministry of Health ofUkraine are the Department of Pre-hospital and Hospital Emergency Medical Care, as well as the Department of Coordination and Provision of Medical Care during antiterrorist operations, emergency and martial law. The methodology of forming a list of medicines for the provision of medical services for disasters has been described; it is based on the standards of a set of medical equipment for medical assistance in emergencies, developed by the World Health Organization. The formation of a departmental reserve of medicines and medical products has been specified. At the same time, it has been determined that the supply, replenishment and replacement of medicines is carried out at the expense of domestic manufacturers and imports of active pharmaceutical ingredients, which list in total covers approximately 60 pharmacological groups of a specific and wide spectrum of action. The analysis of the pharmaceutical component of theEmergencyMedicalCenter and Disaster Medicine in various modes of operation has been performed.Conclusions The results of the study of the pharmaceutical component of the emergency medical care system in Ukraine and detalization of its organizational structure make it possible to emphasize the validity of the complete set of mobile medical service formations of disaster medicine with normative stocks of medicines and medical equipment, which effectiveness in the conditions of higher-preparedness regimes and/or emergency situations will provide a complex of measures aimed at timely, complete and safe caretaking the medical, sanitary, and specialty property of medical institutions, medical formations and the population of the country.Β Π¦Π΅Π»Ρ ΡΠ°Π±ΠΎΡΡ β ΠΎΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΡΠΎΠ»ΠΈ ΡΠ°ΡΠΌΠ°ΡΠ΅Π²ΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠΉ ΡΠΎΡΡΠ°Π²Π»ΡΡΡΠ΅ΠΉ ΡΠΊΡΡΡΠ΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΌΠ΅Π΄ΠΈΡΠΈΠ½ΡΠΊΠΎΠΉ ΠΏΠΎΠΌΠΎΡΠΈ Π² Π£ΠΊΡΠ°ΠΈΠ½Π΅.ΠΠ°ΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ°Π»Ρ ΠΈ ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄Ρ. ΠΠ»Ρ ΡΠ΅Π°Π»ΠΈΠ·Π°ΡΠΈΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΡΡΠ°Π²Π»Π΅Π½Π½ΡΡ
Π·Π°Π΄Π°Ρ ΠΈΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Π»ΠΈΡΡ ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄Ρ ΠΈΠ½ΡΠΎΡΠΌΠ°ΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΏΠΎΠΈΡΠΊΠ°, ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΡΠ΅Π½Ρ-Π°Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΠ·Π°, ΠΏΡΠΈΠ΅ΠΌΡ ΡΡΠ°Π²Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΈ ΠΎΠ±ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ.Π Π΅Π·ΡΠ»ΡΡΠ°ΡΡ ΠΈ ΠΈΡ
ΠΎΠ±ΡΡΠΆΠ΄Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅. ΠΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π° ΠΎΡΠ³Π°Π½ΠΈΠ·Π°ΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½Π°Ρ ΡΡΡΡΠΊΡΡΡΠ° ΡΠΊΡΡΡΠ΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΌΠ΅Π΄ΠΈΡΠΈΠ½ΡΠΊΠΎΠΉ ΠΏΠΎΠΌΠΎΡΠΈ Π£ΠΊΡΠ°ΠΈΠ½Ρ. ΠΠ΅ΡΠ°Π»ΠΈΠ·ΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΎ, ΡΡΠΎ ΡΡΠ±ΠΏΠΎΠ΄ΡΠΈΠ½Π΅Π½Π½ΡΠΌΠΈ ΡΡΡΡΠΊΡΡΡΠ½ΡΠΌΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄ΡΠ°Π·Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΡΠΌΠΈ Π£ΠΏΡΠ°Π²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΡΠΊΡΡΡΠ΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΌΠ΅Π΄ΠΈΡΠΈΠ½ΡΠΊΠΎΠΉ ΠΏΠΎΠΌΠΎΡΠΈ ΠΈ ΠΌΠ΅Π΄ΠΈΡΠΈΠ½Ρ ΠΊΠ°ΡΠ°ΡΡΡΠΎΡ ΠΏΡΠΈ ΠΠ Π£ΠΊΡΠ°ΠΈΠ½Ρ ΡΠ²Π»ΡΡΡΡΡ ΠΎΡΠ΄Π΅Π» Π΄ΠΎΠ³ΠΎΡΠΏΠΈΡΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΈ Π³ΠΎΡΠΏΠΈΡΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΡΠΊΡΡΡΠ΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΌΠ΅Π΄ΠΈΡΠΈΠ½ΡΠΊΠΎΠΉ ΠΏΠΎΠΌΠΎΡΠΈ ΠΈ ΠΎΡΠ΄Π΅Π» ΠΊΠΎΠΎΡΠ΄ΠΈΠ½Π°ΡΠΈΠΈ ΠΈ ΠΎΠ±Π΅ΡΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΌΠ΅Π΄ΠΈΡΠΈΠ½ΡΠΊΠΎΠΉ ΠΏΠΎΠΌΠΎΡΠΈ Π²ΠΎ Π²ΡΠ΅ΠΌΡ Π°Π½ΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΡΠΎΡΠΈΡΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΡ
ΠΎΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠΉ, ΡΡΠ΅Π·Π²ΡΡΠ°ΠΉΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΈ Π²ΠΎΠ΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ. ΠΡ
Π°ΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π° ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠΊΠ° ΡΠΎΡΠΌΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ΅ΡΠ½Ρ Π»Π΅ΠΊΠ°ΡΡΡΠ²Π΅Π½Π½ΡΡ
ΡΡΠ΅Π΄ΡΡΠ² Π΄Π»Ρ ΠΎΡΠ½Π°ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΡΠ»ΡΠΆΠ±Ρ ΠΌΠ΅Π΄ΠΈΡΠΈΠ½Ρ ΠΊΠ°ΡΠ°ΡΡΡΠΎΡ, Π² ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠ²Ρ ΠΊΠΎΡΠΎΡΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π·Π°Π»ΠΎΠΆΠ΅Π½Ρ Π½ΠΎΡΠΌΠ°ΡΠΈΠ²Ρ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΏΠ»Π΅ΠΊΡΠ° ΠΌΠ΅Π΄ΠΈΡΠΈΠ½ΡΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΎΡΠ½Π°ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ Π΄Π»Ρ ΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π°Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΌΠ΅Π΄ΠΈΡΠΈΠ½ΡΠΊΠΎΠΉ ΠΏΠΎΠΌΠΎΡΠΈ ΠΏΡΠΈ ΡΡΠ΅Π·Π²ΡΡΠ°ΠΉΠ½ΡΡ
ΡΠΈΡΡΠ°ΡΠΈΡΡ
, ΡΠ°Π·ΡΠ°Π±ΠΎΡΠ°Π½Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΡΠ΅ΠΌΠΈΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΎΡΠ³Π°Π½ΠΈΠ·Π°ΡΠΈΠ΅ΠΉ Π·Π΄ΡΠ°Π²ΠΎΠΎΡ
ΡΠ°Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ. ΠΠΎΠ½ΠΊΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ·ΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΎ ΡΠΎΡΠΌΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Π²Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠΌΡΡΠ²Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠ΅Π·Π΅ΡΠ²Π° Π»Π΅ΠΊΠ°ΡΡΡΠ²Π΅Π½Π½ΡΡ
ΡΡΠ΅Π΄ΡΡΠ² ΠΈ ΠΌΠ΅Π΄ΠΈΡΠΈΠ½ΡΠΊΠΈΡ
ΠΈΠ·Π΄Π΅Π»ΠΈΠΉ, ΠΏΡΠΈ ΡΡΠΎΠΌ ΡΡΡΠ°Π½ΠΎΠ²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΎ, ΡΡΠΎ Π½Π°ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅, ΠΏΠΎΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΈ Π·Π°ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π° Π»Π΅ΠΊΠ°ΡΡΡΠ²Π΅Π½Π½ΡΡ
ΡΡΠ΅Π΄ΡΡΠ² ΠΎΡΡΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ²Π»ΡΠ΅ΡΡΡ Π·Π° ΡΡΠ΅Ρ ΠΎΡΠ΅ΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ²Π΅Π½Π½ΡΡ
ΠΏΡΠΎΠΈΠ·Π²ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡΠ΅Π»Π΅ΠΉ ΠΈ ΠΈΠΌΠΏΠΎΡΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΠΏΠΎΡΡΠ°Π²ΠΎΠΊ Π°ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΡΡ
ΡΠ°ΡΠΌΠ°ΡΠ΅Π²ΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΡ
ΠΈΠ½Π³ΡΠ΅Π΄ΠΈΠ΅Π½ΡΠΎΠ², ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π½Ρ ΠΊΠΎΡΠΎΡΡΡ
Π² ΡΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΊΡΠΏΠ½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ ΠΎΡ
Π²Π°ΡΡΠ²Π°Π΅Ρ ΠΎΠΊΠΎΠ»ΠΎ 60 ΡΠ°ΡΠΌΠ°ΠΊΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΡ
Π³ΡΡΠΏΠΏ ΡΠΏΠ΅ΡΠΈΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎΒ ΠΈ ΡΠΈΡΠΎΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠΏΠ΅ΠΊΡΡΠ° Π΄Π΅ΠΉΡΡΠ²ΠΈΡ. ΠΡΠΎΠ²Π΅Π΄Π΅Π½ Π°Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΠ· Π΄Π΅ΡΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ ΡΠ°ΡΠΌΠ°ΡΠ΅Π²ΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠΉ ΡΠΎΡΡΠ°Π²Π»ΡΡΡΠ΅ΠΉ Π¦Π΅Π½ΡΡΠ° ΡΠΊΡΡΡΠ΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΌΠ΅Π΄ΠΈΡΠΈΠ½ΡΠΊΠΎΠΉ ΠΏΠΎΠΌΠΎΡΠΈ ΠΈ ΠΌΠ΅Π΄ΠΈΡΠΈΠ½Ρ ΠΊΠ°ΡΠ°ΡΡΡΠΎΡ Π² ΡΠ°Π·Π»ΠΈΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΡΠ΅ΠΆΠΈΠΌΠ°Ρ
ΡΡΠ½ΠΊΡΠΈΠΎΠ½ΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ.ΠΡΠ²ΠΎΠ΄Ρ. Π Π΅Π·ΡΠ»ΡΡΠ°ΡΡ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ²Π΅Π΄Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΈΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ ΡΠ°ΡΠΌΠ°ΡΠ΅Π²ΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠΉ ΡΠΎΡΡΠ°Π²Π»ΡΡΡΠ΅ΠΉ ΡΠΈΡΡΠ΅ΠΌΡ ΡΠΊΡΡΡΠ΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΌΠ΅Π΄ΠΈΡΠΈΠ½ΡΠΊΠΎΠΉ ΠΏΠΎΠΌΠΎΡΠΈ Π² Π£ΠΊΡΠ°ΠΈΠ½Π΅ ΠΈ Π΄Π΅ΡΠ°Π»ΠΈΠ·Π°ΡΠΈΡ Π΅Π΅ ΠΎΡΠ³Π°Π½ΠΈΠ·Π°ΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΡΡΡΡΠΊΡΡΡΡ ΠΏΠΎΠ·Π²ΠΎΠ»ΡΡΡ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄ΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠ½ΡΡΡ Π°ΠΊΡΡΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΡ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΏΠ»Π΅ΠΊΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠΈ ΠΌΠΎΠ±ΠΈΠ»ΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΡΠΎΡΠΌΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠΉ ΡΠ»ΡΠΆΠ±Ρ ΠΌΠ΅Π΄ΠΈΡΠΈΠ½Ρ ΠΊΠ°ΡΠ°ΡΡΡΠΎΡ Π½ΠΎΡΠΌΠ°ΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΡΠΌΠΈ Π·Π°ΠΏΠ°ΡΠ°ΠΌΠΈ Π»Π΅ΠΊΠ°ΡΡΡΠ²Π΅Π½Π½ΡΡ
ΡΡΠ΅Π΄ΡΡΠ² ΠΈ ΠΌΠ΅Π΄ΠΈΡΠΈΠ½ΡΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΎΠ±ΠΎΡΡΠ΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ, ΡΡΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΡΡΡ ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΊΠΎΡΠΎΡΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π² ΡΡΠ»ΠΎΠ²ΠΈΡΡ
ΡΠ΅ΠΆΠΈΠΌΠΎΠ² ΠΏΠΎΠ²ΡΡΠ΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠΉ Π³ΠΎΡΠΎΠ²Π½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ ΠΈ/ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ ΡΡΠ΅Π·Π²ΡΡΠ°ΠΉΠ½ΡΡ
ΡΠΈΡΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠΉ ΠΎΠ±Π΅ΡΠΏΠ΅ΡΠΈΡ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΏΠ»Π΅ΠΊΡ ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠΏΡΠΈΡΡΠΈΠΉ, Π½Π°ΠΏΡΠ°Π²Π»Π΅Π½Π½ΡΡ
Π½Π° ΡΠ²ΠΎΠ΅Π²ΡΠ΅ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠ΅, ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½ΠΎΠ΅ ΠΈ Π±Π΅ΡΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π±ΠΎΠΉΠ½ΠΎΠ΅ ΠΎΠ±Π΅ΡΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΌΠ΅Π΄ΠΈΡΠΈΠ½ΡΠΊΠΈΠΌ, ΡΠ°Π½ΠΈΡΠ°ΡΠ½ΠΎ-Ρ
ΠΎΠ·ΡΠΉΡΡΠ²Π΅Π½Π½ΡΠΌ ΠΈ ΡΠΏΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΡΠΌ ΠΈΠΌΡΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ²ΠΎΠΌ Π»Π΅ΡΠ΅Π±Π½ΡΡ
ΡΡΡΠ΅ΠΆΠ΄Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ, ΠΌΠ΅Π΄ΠΈΡΠΈΠ½ΡΠΊΠΈΡ
ΡΠΎΡΠΌΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠΉ ΠΈ Π½Π°ΡΠ΅Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΡΡΡΠ°Π½Ρ.ΠΠ΅ΡΠ° ΡΠΎΠ±ΠΎΡΠΈ β Π²ΠΈΠ·Π½Π°ΡΠ΅Π½Π½Ρ ΡΠΎΠ»Ρ ΡΠ°ΡΠΌΠ°ΡΠ΅Π²ΡΠΈΡΠ½ΠΎΡ ΡΠΊΠ»Π°Π΄ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΡ Π΅ΠΊΡΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΎΡ ΠΌΠ΅Π΄ΠΈΡΠ½ΠΎΡ Π΄ΠΎΠΏΠΎΠΌΠΎΠ³ΠΈ Π² Π£ΠΊΡΠ°ΡΠ½Ρ.ΠΠ°ΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ°Π»ΠΈ ΡΠ° ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄ΠΈ. ΠΠ»Ρ ΡΠ΅Π°Π»ΡΠ·Π°ΡΡΡ ΠΏΠΎΡΡΠ°Π²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ
Π·Π°Π²Π΄Π°Π½Ρ Π΄ΠΎΡΠ»ΡΠ΄ΠΆΠ΅Π½Π½Ρ Π²ΠΈΠΊΠΎΡΠΈΡΡΠΎΠ²ΡΠ²Π°Π»ΠΈΡΡ ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄ΠΈ ΡΠ½ΡΠΎΡΠΌΠ°ΡΡΠΉΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΏΠΎΡΡΠΊΡ, ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΡΠ΅Π½Ρ-Π°Π½Π°Π»ΡΠ·Ρ, ΠΏΡΠΈΠΉΠΎΠΌΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΡΡΠ²Π½ΡΠ½Π½Ρ ΡΠ° ΡΠ·Π°Π³Π°Π»ΡΠ½Π΅Π½Π½Ρ.Π Π΅Π·ΡΠ»ΡΡΠ°ΡΠΈ ΡΠ° ΡΡ
ΠΎΠ±Π³ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΡΠ΅Π½Π½Ρ. ΠΠΎΡΠ»ΡΠ΄ΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΎ ΠΎΡΠ³Π°Π½ΡΠ·Π°ΡΡΠΉΠ½Ρ ΡΡΡΡΠΊΡΡΡΡ Π΅ΠΊΡΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΎΡ ΠΌΠ΅Π΄ΠΈΡΠ½ΠΎΡ Π΄ΠΎΠΏΠΎΠΌΠΎΠ³ΠΈ Π² Π£ΠΊΡΠ°ΡΠ½Ρ. ΠΠ΅ΡΠ°Π»ΡΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΎ, ΡΠΎ ΡΡΠ±ΠΏΡΠ΄Π»Π΅Π³Π»ΠΈΠΌΠΈ ΡΡΡΡΠΊΡΡΡΠ½ΠΈΠΌΠΈ ΠΏΡΠ΄ΡΠΎΠ·Π΄ΡΠ»Π°ΠΌΠΈ Π£ΠΏΡΠ°Π²Π»ΡΠ½Π½Ρ Π΅ΠΊΡΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΎΡ ΠΌΠ΅Π΄ΠΈΡΠ½ΠΎΡ Π΄ΠΎΠΏΠΎΠΌΠΎΠ³ΠΈ ΡΠ° ΠΌΠ΅Π΄ΠΈΡΠΈΠ½ΠΈ ΠΊΠ°ΡΠ°ΡΡΡΠΎΡ ΠΏΡΠΈ ΠΠΠ Π£ΠΊΡΠ°ΡΠ½ΠΈ Ρ Π²ΡΠ΄Π΄ΡΠ» Π΄ΠΎΠ³ΠΎΡΠΏΡΡΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΡ Ρ Π³ΠΎΡΠΏΡΡΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΡ Π΅ΠΊΡΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΎΡ ΠΌΠ΅Π΄ΠΈΡΠ½ΠΎΡ Π΄ΠΎΠΏΠΎΠΌΠΎΠ³ΠΈ ΡΠ° Π²ΡΠ΄Π΄ΡΠ» ΠΊΠΎΠΎΡΠ΄ΠΈΠ½Π°ΡΡΡ ΡΠ° Π·Π°Π±Π΅Π·ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π½Π½Ρ ΠΌΠ΅Π΄ΠΈΡΠ½ΠΎΡ Π΄ΠΎΠΏΠΎΠΌΠΎΠ³ΠΈ ΠΏΡΠ΄ ΡΠ°Ρ Π°Π½ΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΎΡΠΈΡΡΠΈΡΠ½ΠΈΡ
ΠΎΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ°ΡΡΠΉ, Π½Π°Π΄Π·Π²ΠΈΡΠ°ΠΉΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠ° Π²ΠΎΡΠ½Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΡΠ°Π½Ρ. ΠΡ
Π°ΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π° ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠΊΠ° ΡΠΎΡΠΌΡΠ²Π°Π½Π½Ρ ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠΊΡ Π»ΡΠΊΠ°ΡΡΡΠΊΠΈΡ
Π·Π°ΡΠΎΠ±ΡΠ² Π΄Π»Ρ ΠΎΡΠ½Π°ΡΠ΅Π½Π½Ρ ΡΠ»ΡΠΆΠ±ΠΈ ΠΌΠ΅Π΄ΠΈΡΠΈΠ½ΠΈ ΠΊΠ°ΡΠ°ΡΡΡΠΎΡ, Π² ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠ²Ρ ΡΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π·Π°ΠΊΠ»Π°Π΄Π΅Π½Ρ Π½ΠΎΡΠΌΠ°ΡΠΈΠ²ΠΈ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΏΠ»Π΅ΠΊΡΡ ΠΌΠ΅Π΄ΠΈΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΎΠ±Π»Π°Π΄Π½Π°Π½Π½Ρ Π΄Π»Ρ Π½Π°Π΄Π°Π½Π½Ρ ΠΌΠ΅Π΄ΠΈΡΠ½ΠΎΡ Π΄ΠΎΠΏΠΎΠΌΠΎΠ³ΠΈ ΠΏΡΠΈ Π½Π°Π΄Π·Π²ΠΈΡΠ°ΠΉΠ½ΠΈΡ
ΡΠΈΡΡΠ°ΡΡΡΡ
, ΡΠΎΠ·ΡΠΎΠ±Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ
ΠΠΠΠ. ΠΠΎΠ½ΠΊΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΎ ΡΠΎΡΠΌΡΠ²Π°Π½Π½Ρ Π²ΡΠ΄ΠΎΠΌΡΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠ΅Π·Π΅ΡΠ²Ρ Π»ΡΠΊΠ°ΡΡΡΠΊΠΈΡ
Π·Π°ΡΠΎΠ±ΡΠ² Ρ ΠΌΠ΅Π΄ΠΈΡΠ½ΠΈΡ
Π²ΠΈΡΠΎΠ±ΡΠ², ΠΏΡΠΈ ΡΡΠΎΠΌΡ Π²ΡΡΠ°Π½ΠΎΠ²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΎ, ΡΠΎ Π½Π°ΠΏΠΎΠ²Π½Π΅Π½Π½Ρ, ΠΏΠΎΠΏΠΎΠ²Π½Π΅Π½Π½Ρ Ρ Π·Π°ΠΌΡΠ½Π° Π»ΡΠΊΠ°ΡΡΡΠΊΠΈΡ
Π·Π°ΡΠΎΠ±ΡΠ² Π·Π΄ΡΠΉΡΠ½ΡΡΡΡΡΡ Π·Π° ΡΠ°Ρ
ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΊ Π²ΡΡΡΠΈΠ·Π½ΡΠ½ΠΈΡ
Π²ΠΈΡΠΎΠ±Π½ΠΈΠΊΡΠ² Ρ ΡΠΌΠΏΠΎΡΡΠ½ΠΈΡ
ΠΏΠΎΡΡΠ°Π²ΠΎΠΊ Π°ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΈΡ
ΡΠ°ΡΠΌΠ°ΡΠ΅Π²ΡΠΈΡΠ½ΠΈΡ
ΡΠ½Π³ΡΠ΅Π΄ΡΡΠ½ΡΡΠ², ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠΊ ΡΠΊΠΈΡ
Ρ ΡΡΠΊΡΠΏΠ½ΠΎΡΡΡ ΠΎΡ
ΠΎΠΏΠ»ΡΡ Π±Π»ΠΈΠ·ΡΠΊΠΎ 60 ΡΠ°ΡΠΌΠ°ΠΊΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΡΡΠ½ΠΈΡ
Π³ΡΡΠΏ ΡΠΏΠ΅ΡΠΈΡΡΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Ρ ΡΠΈΡΠΎΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠΏΠ΅ΠΊΡΡΠ° Π΄ΡΡ. ΠΡΠΎΠ²Π΅Π΄Π΅Π½ΠΎ Π°Π½Π°Π»ΡΠ· Π΄ΡΡΠ»ΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΡ ΡΠ°ΡΠΌΠ°ΡΠ΅Π²ΡΠΈΡΠ½ΠΎΡ ΡΠΊΠ»Π°Π΄ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΡ Π¦Π΅Π½ΡΡΡ Π΅ΠΊΡΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΎΡ ΠΌΠ΅Π΄ΠΈΡΠ½ΠΎΡ Π΄ΠΎΠΏΠΎΠΌΠΎΠ³ΠΈ ΡΠ° ΠΌΠ΅Π΄ΠΈΡΠΈΠ½ΠΈ ΠΊΠ°ΡΠ°ΡΡΡΠΎΡ Ρ ΡΡΠ·Π½ΠΈΡ
ΡΠ΅ΠΆΠΈΠΌΠ°Ρ
ΡΡΠ½ΠΊΡΡΠΎΠ½ΡΠ²Π°Π½Π½Ρ.ΠΠΈΡΠ½ΠΎΠ²ΠΊΠΈ. Π Π΅Π·ΡΠ»ΡΡΠ°ΡΠΈ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ²Π΅Π΄Π΅Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π΄ΠΎΡΠ»ΡΠ΄ΠΆΠ΅Π½Π½Ρ ΡΠ°ΡΠΌΠ°ΡΠ΅Π²ΡΠΈΡΠ½ΠΎΡ ΡΠΊΠ»Π°Π΄ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΡ ΡΠΈΡΡΠ΅ΠΌΠΈ Π΅ΠΊΡΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΎΡ ΠΌΠ΅Π΄ΠΈΡΠ½ΠΎΡ Π΄ΠΎΠΏΠΎΠΌΠΎΠ³ΠΈ Π² Π£ΠΊΡΠ°ΡΠ½Ρ ΡΠ° Π΄Π΅ΡΠ°Π»ΡΠ·Π°ΡΡΡ ΡΡ ΠΎΡΠ³Π°Π½ΡΠ·Π°ΡΡΠΉΠ½ΠΎΡ ΡΡΡΡΠΊΡΡΡΠΈ Π΄ΠΎΠ·Π²ΠΎΠ»ΡΡΡΡ ΠΏΡΠ΄ΠΊΡΠ΅ΡΠ»ΠΈΡΠΈ Π°ΠΊΡΡΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΡΡΡΡ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΏΠ»Π΅ΠΊΡΠ°ΡΡΡ ΠΌΠΎΠ±ΡΠ»ΡΠ½ΠΈΡ
ΡΠΎΡΠΌΡΠ²Π°Π½Ρ ΡΠ»ΡΠΆΠ±ΠΈ ΠΌΠ΅Π΄ΠΈΡΠΈΠ½ΠΈ ΠΊΠ°ΡΠ°ΡΡΡΠΎΡ Π½ΠΎΡΠΌΠ°ΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΈΠΌΠΈ Π·Π°ΠΏΠ°ΡΠ°ΠΌΠΈ Π»ΡΠΊΠ°ΡΡΡΠΊΠΈΡ
Π·Π°ΡΠΎΠ±ΡΠ² Ρ ΠΌΠ΅Π΄ΠΈΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΎΠ±Π»Π°Π΄Π½Π°Π½Π½Ρ, Π΅ΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΡΡΡΡ Π²ΠΈΠΊΠΎΡΠΈΡΡΠ°Π½Π½Ρ ΡΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π² ΡΠΌΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ
ΡΠ΅ΠΆΠΈΠΌΡΠ² ΠΏΡΠ΄Π²ΠΈΡΠ΅Π½ΠΎΡ Π³ΠΎΡΠΎΠ²Π½ΠΎΡΡΡ Ρ/Π°Π±ΠΎ Π½Π°Π΄Π·Π²ΠΈΡΠ°ΠΉΠ½ΠΈΡ
ΡΠΈΡΡΠ°ΡΡΠΉ Π·Π°Π±Π΅Π·ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ°ΡΡ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΏΠ»Π΅ΠΊΡ Π·Π°Ρ
ΠΎΠ΄ΡΠ², ΡΠΏΡΡΠΌΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ
Π½Π° ΡΠ²ΠΎΡΡΠ°ΡΠ½Π΅, ΠΏΠΎΠ²Π½Π΅ Ρ Π±Π΅Π·ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π±ΡΠΉΠ½Π΅ Π·Π°Π±Π΅Π·ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π½Π½Ρ ΠΌΠ΅Π΄ΠΈΡΠ½ΠΈΠΌ, ΡΠ°Π½ΡΡΠ°ΡΠ½ΠΎ-Π³ΠΎΡΠΏΠΎΠ΄Π°ΡΡΡΠΊΠΈΠΌ Ρ ΡΠΏΠ΅ΡΡΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΈΠΌ ΠΌΠ°ΠΉΠ½ΠΎΠΌ Π»ΡΠΊΠ°ΡΠ½ΡΠ½ΠΈΡ
Π·Π°ΠΊΠ»Π°Π΄ΡΠ², ΠΌΠ΅Π΄ΠΈΡΠ½ΠΈΡ
ΡΠΎΡΠΌΡΠ²Π°Π½Ρ Ρ Π½Π°ΡΠ΅Π»Π΅Π½Π½Ρ ΠΊΡΠ°ΡΠ½ΠΈ.Β
West Nile Fever in the Rostov Region: Ecological and Epidemiological Peculiarities of the Outbreak in 2010
This paper describes the outbreak of West Nile fever in the Rostov Region in 2010 and evaluates its ecological and epidemiological peculiarities. From 15th of July till 22nd of September 2010, detected were the 64 cases (1, 4800/0000) of the disease, which were characterized by vector-born mechanism of transmission. Peak of morbidity coincided with mass breeding of Culicidae, increase in the number of Culex mosquitoes, and reoccurring growth of Aedes mosquito population. Diffuse type of the epidemiological process, higher rates of the cases among urbanites, infected in the country-side area, were the characteristic features of that outbreak. West Nile virus antigen was detected by means of IFA in samples taken from An. maculipennis and Cx. pipiens mosquitoes, wild and synanthropic birds, Rh. rossicus ticks, house and wood mice, which facilitates identification of the core factors for the agent circulation and West Nile fever natural focus formation
Louse flies (Hippoboscidae: Diptera) on diurnal (Falconiformes) and nocturnal (Strigiformes) birds of prey from Palearctic
The purpose of the research: the study of the species composition of louse flies in diurnal (Falconiformes) and nocturnal (Strigiformes) birds of prey from Palearctic. Materials and methods. The material was collected during ornithological research on stationary plots of lands of Moscow and Moscow Region, Ukraine, Belarus and Kazakhstan. In 1997-2016 we examined six species of diurnal (Falconiformes) and seven species of nocturnal (Strigiformes) birds of prey, which are collected from 224 individuals of 4 species of louse flies. Results and discussion. 224 flies on diurnal (Falconiformes) and nocturnal (Strigiformes) birds of prey from Palearctic were determined. Four species of louse flies were registered: Ornithomyia avicularia (61,11 %), O. fringillina (29,03 %), Pseudolynchia canariensis (1 %), O. chloropus (0,1 %). O. avicularia was recorded in 18 species of Palearctic raptors. O. fringillina was observed on 5 of 26 species Palearctic raptors. P. canariensis was registered on 7 of 26; O. chloropus on 12 of 26 species of birds of prey. The greatest species diversity of louse flies (7 species: Ornithoica unicolor, Ornithomya avicularia, O. chloropus, O. fringillina, Ornithoctona auslatras, Pseudolynchia canariensis, P. garzettae) were found on the Eurasian Sparrowhawk (obligate ornitofag), on Goshawk - 3 species of keds (Ornithoica unicolor, Ornithomya avicularia, O. chloropus)
Participation of bats (Chiroptera, Mammalia) and their ectoparasites in circulation of pathogens of natural focal infections in the South of Russia
To determine the species composition of ectoparasites, 65 individuals of 6 species of vesper bats (Chiroptera: Vespertilionidae) were examined. Altogether, 521 specimens of 11 species of arthropods (gamasid mites, soft ticks, and fleas) were collected, of which Steatonyssus noctulus and Nycteridopsylla eusarca were recorded for the first time from Rostov Province. As the result of laboratory studies of the bats and ectoparasites associated with them in Rostov Province, DNA of Borrelia burgdorferi s. l., genospecies Borrelia afzelii was detected in samples of Pipistrellus pipistrellus, P. pygmaeus, P. kuhlii, Eptesicus serotinus, Carios vespertilionis, Steatonyssus periblepharus; DNA of Borrelia spp. was detected in samples of Macronyssus flavus; DNA of Ehrlichia spp., in samples of P. pipistrellus and P. kuhlii; DNA of Anaplasma phagocytophilum, in samples of Nyctalus noctula. Participation of bats and their ectoparasites in the epizootic process of tularemia was recorded for the first time, by detection of Francisella tularensis DNA in samples of P. pipistrellus, N. noctula, P. kuhlii, and Cimex ex gr. pipistrelli. Markers of the Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever virus were discovered for the first time in samples of N. noctula and P. pipistrellus
ΠΠ½Π°Π»ΡΠ· ΡΠ°ΡΠΌΠ°ΡΠ΅Π²ΡΠΈΡΠ½ΠΎΡ ΡΠΊΠ»Π°Π΄ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΡ ΡΠΈΡΡΠ΅ΠΌΠΈ Π΅ΠΊΡΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΎΡ ΠΌΠ΅Π΄ΠΈΡΠ½ΠΎΡ Π΄ΠΎΠΏΠΎΠΌΠΎΠ³ΠΈ Π² Π£ΠΊΡΠ°ΡΠ½Ρ
Aim. To determine the role of the pharmaceutical component of emergency medical care inUkraine.Materials and methods. Methods of information search, content-analysis, methods of comparison and generalization were used to carry out the research tasks.Results and discussion. The organizational structure of emergency medical care inUkraine has been studied. It has been detailed that sub-subordinated structural units of the Department of Emergency Medical Care and Disaster Medicine at the Ministry of Health ofUkraine are the Department of Pre-hospital and Hospital Emergency Medical Care, as well as the Department of Coordination and Provision of Medical Care during antiterrorist operations, emergency and martial law. The methodology of forming a list of medicines for the provision of medical services for disasters has been described; it is based on the standards of a set of medical equipment for medical assistance in emergencies, developed by the World Health Organization. The formation of a departmental reserve of medicines and medical products has been specified. At the same time, it has been determined that the supply, replenishment and replacement of medicines is carried out at the expense of domestic manufacturers and imports of active pharmaceutical ingredients, which list in total covers approximately 60 pharmacological groups of a specific and wide spectrum of action. The analysis of the pharmaceutical component of theEmergencyMedicalCenter and Disaster Medicine in various modes of operation has been performed.Conclusions The results of the study of the pharmaceutical component of the emergency medical care system in Ukraine and detalization of its organizational structure make it possible to emphasize the validity of the complete set of mobile medical service formations of disaster medicine with normative stocks of medicines and medical equipment, which effectiveness in the conditions of higher-preparedness regimes and/or emergency situations will provide a complex of measures aimed at timely, complete and safe caretaking the medical, sanitary, and specialty property of medical institutions, medical formations and the population of the country.Β Π¦Π΅Π»Ρ ΡΠ°Π±ΠΎΡΡ β ΠΎΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΡΠΎΠ»ΠΈ ΡΠ°ΡΠΌΠ°ΡΠ΅Π²ΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠΉ ΡΠΎΡΡΠ°Π²Π»ΡΡΡΠ΅ΠΉ ΡΠΊΡΡΡΠ΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΌΠ΅Π΄ΠΈΡΠΈΠ½ΡΠΊΠΎΠΉ ΠΏΠΎΠΌΠΎΡΠΈ Π² Π£ΠΊΡΠ°ΠΈΠ½Π΅.ΠΠ°ΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ°Π»Ρ ΠΈ ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄Ρ. ΠΠ»Ρ ΡΠ΅Π°Π»ΠΈΠ·Π°ΡΠΈΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΡΡΠ°Π²Π»Π΅Π½Π½ΡΡ
Π·Π°Π΄Π°Ρ ΠΈΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Π»ΠΈΡΡ ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄Ρ ΠΈΠ½ΡΠΎΡΠΌΠ°ΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΏΠΎΠΈΡΠΊΠ°, ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΡΠ΅Π½Ρ-Π°Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΠ·Π°, ΠΏΡΠΈΠ΅ΠΌΡ ΡΡΠ°Π²Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΈ ΠΎΠ±ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ.Π Π΅Π·ΡΠ»ΡΡΠ°ΡΡ ΠΈ ΠΈΡ
ΠΎΠ±ΡΡΠΆΠ΄Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅. ΠΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π° ΠΎΡΠ³Π°Π½ΠΈΠ·Π°ΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½Π°Ρ ΡΡΡΡΠΊΡΡΡΠ° ΡΠΊΡΡΡΠ΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΌΠ΅Π΄ΠΈΡΠΈΠ½ΡΠΊΠΎΠΉ ΠΏΠΎΠΌΠΎΡΠΈ Π£ΠΊΡΠ°ΠΈΠ½Ρ. ΠΠ΅ΡΠ°Π»ΠΈΠ·ΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΎ, ΡΡΠΎ ΡΡΠ±ΠΏΠΎΠ΄ΡΠΈΠ½Π΅Π½Π½ΡΠΌΠΈ ΡΡΡΡΠΊΡΡΡΠ½ΡΠΌΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄ΡΠ°Π·Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΡΠΌΠΈ Π£ΠΏΡΠ°Π²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΡΠΊΡΡΡΠ΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΌΠ΅Π΄ΠΈΡΠΈΠ½ΡΠΊΠΎΠΉ ΠΏΠΎΠΌΠΎΡΠΈ ΠΈ ΠΌΠ΅Π΄ΠΈΡΠΈΠ½Ρ ΠΊΠ°ΡΠ°ΡΡΡΠΎΡ ΠΏΡΠΈ ΠΠ Π£ΠΊΡΠ°ΠΈΠ½Ρ ΡΠ²Π»ΡΡΡΡΡ ΠΎΡΠ΄Π΅Π» Π΄ΠΎΠ³ΠΎΡΠΏΠΈΡΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΈ Π³ΠΎΡΠΏΠΈΡΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΡΠΊΡΡΡΠ΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΌΠ΅Π΄ΠΈΡΠΈΠ½ΡΠΊΠΎΠΉ ΠΏΠΎΠΌΠΎΡΠΈ ΠΈ ΠΎΡΠ΄Π΅Π» ΠΊΠΎΠΎΡΠ΄ΠΈΠ½Π°ΡΠΈΠΈ ΠΈ ΠΎΠ±Π΅ΡΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΌΠ΅Π΄ΠΈΡΠΈΠ½ΡΠΊΠΎΠΉ ΠΏΠΎΠΌΠΎΡΠΈ Π²ΠΎ Π²ΡΠ΅ΠΌΡ Π°Π½ΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΡΠΎΡΠΈΡΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΡ
ΠΎΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠΉ, ΡΡΠ΅Π·Π²ΡΡΠ°ΠΉΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΈ Π²ΠΎΠ΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ. ΠΡ
Π°ΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π° ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠΊΠ° ΡΠΎΡΠΌΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ΅ΡΠ½Ρ Π»Π΅ΠΊΠ°ΡΡΡΠ²Π΅Π½Π½ΡΡ
ΡΡΠ΅Π΄ΡΡΠ² Π΄Π»Ρ ΠΎΡΠ½Π°ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΡΠ»ΡΠΆΠ±Ρ ΠΌΠ΅Π΄ΠΈΡΠΈΠ½Ρ ΠΊΠ°ΡΠ°ΡΡΡΠΎΡ, Π² ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠ²Ρ ΠΊΠΎΡΠΎΡΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π·Π°Π»ΠΎΠΆΠ΅Π½Ρ Π½ΠΎΡΠΌΠ°ΡΠΈΠ²Ρ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΏΠ»Π΅ΠΊΡΠ° ΠΌΠ΅Π΄ΠΈΡΠΈΠ½ΡΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΎΡΠ½Π°ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ Π΄Π»Ρ ΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π°Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΌΠ΅Π΄ΠΈΡΠΈΠ½ΡΠΊΠΎΠΉ ΠΏΠΎΠΌΠΎΡΠΈ ΠΏΡΠΈ ΡΡΠ΅Π·Π²ΡΡΠ°ΠΉΠ½ΡΡ
ΡΠΈΡΡΠ°ΡΠΈΡΡ
, ΡΠ°Π·ΡΠ°Π±ΠΎΡΠ°Π½Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΡΠ΅ΠΌΠΈΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΎΡΠ³Π°Π½ΠΈΠ·Π°ΡΠΈΠ΅ΠΉ Π·Π΄ΡΠ°Π²ΠΎΠΎΡ
ΡΠ°Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ. ΠΠΎΠ½ΠΊΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ·ΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΎ ΡΠΎΡΠΌΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Π²Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠΌΡΡΠ²Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠ΅Π·Π΅ΡΠ²Π° Π»Π΅ΠΊΠ°ΡΡΡΠ²Π΅Π½Π½ΡΡ
ΡΡΠ΅Π΄ΡΡΠ² ΠΈ ΠΌΠ΅Π΄ΠΈΡΠΈΠ½ΡΠΊΠΈΡ
ΠΈΠ·Π΄Π΅Π»ΠΈΠΉ, ΠΏΡΠΈ ΡΡΠΎΠΌ ΡΡΡΠ°Π½ΠΎΠ²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΎ, ΡΡΠΎ Π½Π°ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅, ΠΏΠΎΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΈ Π·Π°ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π° Π»Π΅ΠΊΠ°ΡΡΡΠ²Π΅Π½Π½ΡΡ
ΡΡΠ΅Π΄ΡΡΠ² ΠΎΡΡΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ²Π»ΡΠ΅ΡΡΡ Π·Π° ΡΡΠ΅Ρ ΠΎΡΠ΅ΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ²Π΅Π½Π½ΡΡ
ΠΏΡΠΎΠΈΠ·Π²ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡΠ΅Π»Π΅ΠΉ ΠΈ ΠΈΠΌΠΏΠΎΡΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΠΏΠΎΡΡΠ°Π²ΠΎΠΊ Π°ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΡΡ
ΡΠ°ΡΠΌΠ°ΡΠ΅Π²ΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΡ
ΠΈΠ½Π³ΡΠ΅Π΄ΠΈΠ΅Π½ΡΠΎΠ², ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π½Ρ ΠΊΠΎΡΠΎΡΡΡ
Π² ΡΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΊΡΠΏΠ½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ ΠΎΡ
Π²Π°ΡΡΠ²Π°Π΅Ρ ΠΎΠΊΠΎΠ»ΠΎ 60 ΡΠ°ΡΠΌΠ°ΠΊΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΡ
Π³ΡΡΠΏΠΏ ΡΠΏΠ΅ΡΠΈΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎΒ ΠΈ ΡΠΈΡΠΎΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠΏΠ΅ΠΊΡΡΠ° Π΄Π΅ΠΉΡΡΠ²ΠΈΡ. ΠΡΠΎΠ²Π΅Π΄Π΅Π½ Π°Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΠ· Π΄Π΅ΡΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ ΡΠ°ΡΠΌΠ°ΡΠ΅Π²ΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠΉ ΡΠΎΡΡΠ°Π²Π»ΡΡΡΠ΅ΠΉ Π¦Π΅Π½ΡΡΠ° ΡΠΊΡΡΡΠ΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΌΠ΅Π΄ΠΈΡΠΈΠ½ΡΠΊΠΎΠΉ ΠΏΠΎΠΌΠΎΡΠΈ ΠΈ ΠΌΠ΅Π΄ΠΈΡΠΈΠ½Ρ ΠΊΠ°ΡΠ°ΡΡΡΠΎΡ Π² ΡΠ°Π·Π»ΠΈΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΡΠ΅ΠΆΠΈΠΌΠ°Ρ
ΡΡΠ½ΠΊΡΠΈΠΎΠ½ΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ.ΠΡΠ²ΠΎΠ΄Ρ. Π Π΅Π·ΡΠ»ΡΡΠ°ΡΡ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ²Π΅Π΄Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΈΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ ΡΠ°ΡΠΌΠ°ΡΠ΅Π²ΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠΉ ΡΠΎΡΡΠ°Π²Π»ΡΡΡΠ΅ΠΉ ΡΠΈΡΡΠ΅ΠΌΡ ΡΠΊΡΡΡΠ΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΌΠ΅Π΄ΠΈΡΠΈΠ½ΡΠΊΠΎΠΉ ΠΏΠΎΠΌΠΎΡΠΈ Π² Π£ΠΊΡΠ°ΠΈΠ½Π΅ ΠΈ Π΄Π΅ΡΠ°Π»ΠΈΠ·Π°ΡΠΈΡ Π΅Π΅ ΠΎΡΠ³Π°Π½ΠΈΠ·Π°ΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΡΡΡΡΠΊΡΡΡΡ ΠΏΠΎΠ·Π²ΠΎΠ»ΡΡΡ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄ΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠ½ΡΡΡ Π°ΠΊΡΡΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΡ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΏΠ»Π΅ΠΊΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠΈ ΠΌΠΎΠ±ΠΈΠ»ΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΡΠΎΡΠΌΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠΉ ΡΠ»ΡΠΆΠ±Ρ ΠΌΠ΅Π΄ΠΈΡΠΈΠ½Ρ ΠΊΠ°ΡΠ°ΡΡΡΠΎΡ Π½ΠΎΡΠΌΠ°ΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΡΠΌΠΈ Π·Π°ΠΏΠ°ΡΠ°ΠΌΠΈ Π»Π΅ΠΊΠ°ΡΡΡΠ²Π΅Π½Π½ΡΡ
ΡΡΠ΅Π΄ΡΡΠ² ΠΈ ΠΌΠ΅Π΄ΠΈΡΠΈΠ½ΡΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΎΠ±ΠΎΡΡΠ΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ, ΡΡΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΡΡΡ ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΊΠΎΡΠΎΡΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π² ΡΡΠ»ΠΎΠ²ΠΈΡΡ
ΡΠ΅ΠΆΠΈΠΌΠΎΠ² ΠΏΠΎΠ²ΡΡΠ΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠΉ Π³ΠΎΡΠΎΠ²Π½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ ΠΈ/ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ ΡΡΠ΅Π·Π²ΡΡΠ°ΠΉΠ½ΡΡ
ΡΠΈΡΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠΉ ΠΎΠ±Π΅ΡΠΏΠ΅ΡΠΈΡ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΏΠ»Π΅ΠΊΡ ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠΏΡΠΈΡΡΠΈΠΉ, Π½Π°ΠΏΡΠ°Π²Π»Π΅Π½Π½ΡΡ
Π½Π° ΡΠ²ΠΎΠ΅Π²ΡΠ΅ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠ΅, ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½ΠΎΠ΅ ΠΈ Π±Π΅ΡΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π±ΠΎΠΉΠ½ΠΎΠ΅ ΠΎΠ±Π΅ΡΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΌΠ΅Π΄ΠΈΡΠΈΠ½ΡΠΊΠΈΠΌ, ΡΠ°Π½ΠΈΡΠ°ΡΠ½ΠΎ-Ρ
ΠΎΠ·ΡΠΉΡΡΠ²Π΅Π½Π½ΡΠΌ ΠΈ ΡΠΏΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΡΠΌ ΠΈΠΌΡΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ²ΠΎΠΌ Π»Π΅ΡΠ΅Π±Π½ΡΡ
ΡΡΡΠ΅ΠΆΠ΄Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ, ΠΌΠ΅Π΄ΠΈΡΠΈΠ½ΡΠΊΠΈΡ
ΡΠΎΡΠΌΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠΉ ΠΈ Π½Π°ΡΠ΅Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΡΡΡΠ°Π½Ρ.ΠΠ΅ΡΠ° ΡΠΎΠ±ΠΎΡΠΈ β Π²ΠΈΠ·Π½Π°ΡΠ΅Π½Π½Ρ ΡΠΎΠ»Ρ ΡΠ°ΡΠΌΠ°ΡΠ΅Π²ΡΠΈΡΠ½ΠΎΡ ΡΠΊΠ»Π°Π΄ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΡ Π΅ΠΊΡΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΎΡ ΠΌΠ΅Π΄ΠΈΡΠ½ΠΎΡ Π΄ΠΎΠΏΠΎΠΌΠΎΠ³ΠΈ Π² Π£ΠΊΡΠ°ΡΠ½Ρ.ΠΠ°ΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ°Π»ΠΈ ΡΠ° ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄ΠΈ. ΠΠ»Ρ ΡΠ΅Π°Π»ΡΠ·Π°ΡΡΡ ΠΏΠΎΡΡΠ°Π²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ
Π·Π°Π²Π΄Π°Π½Ρ Π΄ΠΎΡΠ»ΡΠ΄ΠΆΠ΅Π½Π½Ρ Π²ΠΈΠΊΠΎΡΠΈΡΡΠΎΠ²ΡΠ²Π°Π»ΠΈΡΡ ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄ΠΈ ΡΠ½ΡΠΎΡΠΌΠ°ΡΡΠΉΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΏΠΎΡΡΠΊΡ, ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΡΠ΅Π½Ρ-Π°Π½Π°Π»ΡΠ·Ρ, ΠΏΡΠΈΠΉΠΎΠΌΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΡΡΠ²Π½ΡΠ½Π½Ρ ΡΠ° ΡΠ·Π°Π³Π°Π»ΡΠ½Π΅Π½Π½Ρ.Π Π΅Π·ΡΠ»ΡΡΠ°ΡΠΈ ΡΠ° ΡΡ
ΠΎΠ±Π³ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΡΠ΅Π½Π½Ρ. ΠΠΎΡΠ»ΡΠ΄ΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΎ ΠΎΡΠ³Π°Π½ΡΠ·Π°ΡΡΠΉΠ½Ρ ΡΡΡΡΠΊΡΡΡΡ Π΅ΠΊΡΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΎΡ ΠΌΠ΅Π΄ΠΈΡΠ½ΠΎΡ Π΄ΠΎΠΏΠΎΠΌΠΎΠ³ΠΈ Π² Π£ΠΊΡΠ°ΡΠ½Ρ. ΠΠ΅ΡΠ°Π»ΡΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΎ, ΡΠΎ ΡΡΠ±ΠΏΡΠ΄Π»Π΅Π³Π»ΠΈΠΌΠΈ ΡΡΡΡΠΊΡΡΡΠ½ΠΈΠΌΠΈ ΠΏΡΠ΄ΡΠΎΠ·Π΄ΡΠ»Π°ΠΌΠΈ Π£ΠΏΡΠ°Π²Π»ΡΠ½Π½Ρ Π΅ΠΊΡΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΎΡ ΠΌΠ΅Π΄ΠΈΡΠ½ΠΎΡ Π΄ΠΎΠΏΠΎΠΌΠΎΠ³ΠΈ ΡΠ° ΠΌΠ΅Π΄ΠΈΡΠΈΠ½ΠΈ ΠΊΠ°ΡΠ°ΡΡΡΠΎΡ ΠΏΡΠΈ ΠΠΠ Π£ΠΊΡΠ°ΡΠ½ΠΈ Ρ Π²ΡΠ΄Π΄ΡΠ» Π΄ΠΎΠ³ΠΎΡΠΏΡΡΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΡ Ρ Π³ΠΎΡΠΏΡΡΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΡ Π΅ΠΊΡΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΎΡ ΠΌΠ΅Π΄ΠΈΡΠ½ΠΎΡ Π΄ΠΎΠΏΠΎΠΌΠΎΠ³ΠΈ ΡΠ° Π²ΡΠ΄Π΄ΡΠ» ΠΊΠΎΠΎΡΠ΄ΠΈΠ½Π°ΡΡΡ ΡΠ° Π·Π°Π±Π΅Π·ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π½Π½Ρ ΠΌΠ΅Π΄ΠΈΡΠ½ΠΎΡ Π΄ΠΎΠΏΠΎΠΌΠΎΠ³ΠΈ ΠΏΡΠ΄ ΡΠ°Ρ Π°Π½ΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΎΡΠΈΡΡΠΈΡΠ½ΠΈΡ
ΠΎΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ°ΡΡΠΉ, Π½Π°Π΄Π·Π²ΠΈΡΠ°ΠΉΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠ° Π²ΠΎΡΠ½Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΡΠ°Π½Ρ. ΠΡ
Π°ΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π° ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠΊΠ° ΡΠΎΡΠΌΡΠ²Π°Π½Π½Ρ ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠΊΡ Π»ΡΠΊΠ°ΡΡΡΠΊΠΈΡ
Π·Π°ΡΠΎΠ±ΡΠ² Π΄Π»Ρ ΠΎΡΠ½Π°ΡΠ΅Π½Π½Ρ ΡΠ»ΡΠΆΠ±ΠΈ ΠΌΠ΅Π΄ΠΈΡΠΈΠ½ΠΈ ΠΊΠ°ΡΠ°ΡΡΡΠΎΡ, Π² ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠ²Ρ ΡΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π·Π°ΠΊΠ»Π°Π΄Π΅Π½Ρ Π½ΠΎΡΠΌΠ°ΡΠΈΠ²ΠΈ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΏΠ»Π΅ΠΊΡΡ ΠΌΠ΅Π΄ΠΈΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΎΠ±Π»Π°Π΄Π½Π°Π½Π½Ρ Π΄Π»Ρ Π½Π°Π΄Π°Π½Π½Ρ ΠΌΠ΅Π΄ΠΈΡΠ½ΠΎΡ Π΄ΠΎΠΏΠΎΠΌΠΎΠ³ΠΈ ΠΏΡΠΈ Π½Π°Π΄Π·Π²ΠΈΡΠ°ΠΉΠ½ΠΈΡ
ΡΠΈΡΡΠ°ΡΡΡΡ
, ΡΠΎΠ·ΡΠΎΠ±Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ
ΠΠΠΠ. ΠΠΎΠ½ΠΊΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΎ ΡΠΎΡΠΌΡΠ²Π°Π½Π½Ρ Π²ΡΠ΄ΠΎΠΌΡΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠ΅Π·Π΅ΡΠ²Ρ Π»ΡΠΊΠ°ΡΡΡΠΊΠΈΡ
Π·Π°ΡΠΎΠ±ΡΠ² Ρ ΠΌΠ΅Π΄ΠΈΡΠ½ΠΈΡ
Π²ΠΈΡΠΎΠ±ΡΠ², ΠΏΡΠΈ ΡΡΠΎΠΌΡ Π²ΡΡΠ°Π½ΠΎΠ²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΎ, ΡΠΎ Π½Π°ΠΏΠΎΠ²Π½Π΅Π½Π½Ρ, ΠΏΠΎΠΏΠΎΠ²Π½Π΅Π½Π½Ρ Ρ Π·Π°ΠΌΡΠ½Π° Π»ΡΠΊΠ°ΡΡΡΠΊΠΈΡ
Π·Π°ΡΠΎΠ±ΡΠ² Π·Π΄ΡΠΉΡΠ½ΡΡΡΡΡΡ Π·Π° ΡΠ°Ρ
ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΊ Π²ΡΡΡΠΈΠ·Π½ΡΠ½ΠΈΡ
Π²ΠΈΡΠΎΠ±Π½ΠΈΠΊΡΠ² Ρ ΡΠΌΠΏΠΎΡΡΠ½ΠΈΡ
ΠΏΠΎΡΡΠ°Π²ΠΎΠΊ Π°ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΈΡ
ΡΠ°ΡΠΌΠ°ΡΠ΅Π²ΡΠΈΡΠ½ΠΈΡ
ΡΠ½Π³ΡΠ΅Π΄ΡΡΠ½ΡΡΠ², ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠΊ ΡΠΊΠΈΡ
Ρ ΡΡΠΊΡΠΏΠ½ΠΎΡΡΡ ΠΎΡ
ΠΎΠΏΠ»ΡΡ Π±Π»ΠΈΠ·ΡΠΊΠΎ 60 ΡΠ°ΡΠΌΠ°ΠΊΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΡΡΠ½ΠΈΡ
Π³ΡΡΠΏ ΡΠΏΠ΅ΡΠΈΡΡΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Ρ ΡΠΈΡΠΎΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠΏΠ΅ΠΊΡΡΠ° Π΄ΡΡ. ΠΡΠΎΠ²Π΅Π΄Π΅Π½ΠΎ Π°Π½Π°Π»ΡΠ· Π΄ΡΡΠ»ΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΡ ΡΠ°ΡΠΌΠ°ΡΠ΅Π²ΡΠΈΡΠ½ΠΎΡ ΡΠΊΠ»Π°Π΄ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΡ Π¦Π΅Π½ΡΡΡ Π΅ΠΊΡΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΎΡ ΠΌΠ΅Π΄ΠΈΡΠ½ΠΎΡ Π΄ΠΎΠΏΠΎΠΌΠΎΠ³ΠΈ ΡΠ° ΠΌΠ΅Π΄ΠΈΡΠΈΠ½ΠΈ ΠΊΠ°ΡΠ°ΡΡΡΠΎΡ Ρ ΡΡΠ·Π½ΠΈΡ
ΡΠ΅ΠΆΠΈΠΌΠ°Ρ
ΡΡΠ½ΠΊΡΡΠΎΠ½ΡΠ²Π°Π½Π½Ρ.ΠΠΈΡΠ½ΠΎΠ²ΠΊΠΈ. Π Π΅Π·ΡΠ»ΡΡΠ°ΡΠΈ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ²Π΅Π΄Π΅Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π΄ΠΎΡΠ»ΡΠ΄ΠΆΠ΅Π½Π½Ρ ΡΠ°ΡΠΌΠ°ΡΠ΅Π²ΡΠΈΡΠ½ΠΎΡ ΡΠΊΠ»Π°Π΄ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΡ ΡΠΈΡΡΠ΅ΠΌΠΈ Π΅ΠΊΡΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΎΡ ΠΌΠ΅Π΄ΠΈΡΠ½ΠΎΡ Π΄ΠΎΠΏΠΎΠΌΠΎΠ³ΠΈ Π² Π£ΠΊΡΠ°ΡΠ½Ρ ΡΠ° Π΄Π΅ΡΠ°Π»ΡΠ·Π°ΡΡΡ ΡΡ ΠΎΡΠ³Π°Π½ΡΠ·Π°ΡΡΠΉΠ½ΠΎΡ ΡΡΡΡΠΊΡΡΡΠΈ Π΄ΠΎΠ·Π²ΠΎΠ»ΡΡΡΡ ΠΏΡΠ΄ΠΊΡΠ΅ΡΠ»ΠΈΡΠΈ Π°ΠΊΡΡΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΡΡΡΡ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΏΠ»Π΅ΠΊΡΠ°ΡΡΡ ΠΌΠΎΠ±ΡΠ»ΡΠ½ΠΈΡ
ΡΠΎΡΠΌΡΠ²Π°Π½Ρ ΡΠ»ΡΠΆΠ±ΠΈ ΠΌΠ΅Π΄ΠΈΡΠΈΠ½ΠΈ ΠΊΠ°ΡΠ°ΡΡΡΠΎΡ Π½ΠΎΡΠΌΠ°ΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΈΠΌΠΈ Π·Π°ΠΏΠ°ΡΠ°ΠΌΠΈ Π»ΡΠΊΠ°ΡΡΡΠΊΠΈΡ
Π·Π°ΡΠΎΠ±ΡΠ² Ρ ΠΌΠ΅Π΄ΠΈΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΎΠ±Π»Π°Π΄Π½Π°Π½Π½Ρ, Π΅ΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΡΡΡΡ Π²ΠΈΠΊΠΎΡΠΈΡΡΠ°Π½Π½Ρ ΡΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π² ΡΠΌΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ
ΡΠ΅ΠΆΠΈΠΌΡΠ² ΠΏΡΠ΄Π²ΠΈΡΠ΅Π½ΠΎΡ Π³ΠΎΡΠΎΠ²Π½ΠΎΡΡΡ Ρ/Π°Π±ΠΎ Π½Π°Π΄Π·Π²ΠΈΡΠ°ΠΉΠ½ΠΈΡ
ΡΠΈΡΡΠ°ΡΡΠΉ Π·Π°Π±Π΅Π·ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ°ΡΡ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΏΠ»Π΅ΠΊΡ Π·Π°Ρ
ΠΎΠ΄ΡΠ², ΡΠΏΡΡΠΌΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ
Π½Π° ΡΠ²ΠΎΡΡΠ°ΡΠ½Π΅, ΠΏΠΎΠ²Π½Π΅ Ρ Π±Π΅Π·ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π±ΡΠΉΠ½Π΅ Π·Π°Π±Π΅Π·ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π½Π½Ρ ΠΌΠ΅Π΄ΠΈΡΠ½ΠΈΠΌ, ΡΠ°Π½ΡΡΠ°ΡΠ½ΠΎ-Π³ΠΎΡΠΏΠΎΠ΄Π°ΡΡΡΠΊΠΈΠΌ Ρ ΡΠΏΠ΅ΡΡΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΈΠΌ ΠΌΠ°ΠΉΠ½ΠΎΠΌ Π»ΡΠΊΠ°ΡΠ½ΡΠ½ΠΈΡ
Π·Π°ΠΊΠ»Π°Π΄ΡΠ², ΠΌΠ΅Π΄ΠΈΡΠ½ΠΈΡ
ΡΠΎΡΠΌΡΠ²Π°Π½Ρ Ρ Π½Π°ΡΠ΅Π»Π΅Π½Π½Ρ ΠΊΡΠ°ΡΠ½ΠΈ.Β