Corrected model for transport in static diffusion chamber

In present consideration for the static diffusion chamber the model of mass and heat transfer and its analytical solution are presented for the pseudo-open in one direction system

MOLECULAR MARKING OF SUNFLOWER LINES WITH DIFFERENT ABILITY TO SUPPRESSION OF THE CYTOPLASMIC MALE STERILITY PHENOTYPE

Ninety five lines of sunflower genetic collection differing by their ability to suppress the CMS phenotype were molecularly marked with the use of 7 primer pairs. Using the STS marker orfH522, a sterile (PET1) cytoplasmon was identified in 79 lines, which confirmed indirectly the presence of fertility restoration genes in their genotypes. The majority of these lines also have a complex of molecular markers linked to the Rf1 gene. The HRG01, HRG02 and STS115 markers showed the best diagnostic value in revealing the Rf1 gene in the examined material. The data on allelic variation of the microsatellite loci ORS224, ORS511 and ORS799 were obtained for the first time

ПОВЫШЕНИЕ ЭФФЕКТИВНОСТИ УКРЫТИЯ ЭЛЕКТРОЛИЗЕРОВ СОДЕРБЕРГА

The Soderberg aluminum reduction technology is associated with high pollutant emissions including gaseous and poorly soluble fluorides. Currently, conventional VSS cells equipped with a standard gas skirt and a burner do not meet the modern hooding efficiency requirements. The existing technology must be upgraded in order to comply with environmental regulations. The environmentally friendly Soderberg technology implemented with an upgraded gas skirt and a fundamentally new 4-dome gas removal system ensures daily average hooding efficiency of 97,4 %.Получение алюминия на электролизерах Содерберга сопряжено с выбросами в атмосферу большого количества загрязняющих веществ, включая газообразные и плохо растворимые фториды. В настоящее время рядовые электролизеры Содерберга, оснащенные стандартным газосборным колоколом и горелочными устройствами, не отвечают современным требованиям по эффективности укрытия. Для достижения нормативных экологических требований необходима модернизация существующей технологии. Внедрение технологии экологичного Содерберга, оснащенного модернизирован- ным газосборным колоколом и принципиально новой четырехкупольной системой газоудаления, обеспечивает среднесуточную эффективность укрытия 97,4 %

Investigation of combustion of a coal–methane–air suspension in a long closed channel

Experimental data on the velocity of propagation of a combustion wave in a coal-methane-air mixture with respect to the walls of a closed channel for various concentrations of coal dust are presented. A physico-mathematical model of combustion of this mixture on the basis of equations of gas dynamics and mechanics of disperse media in the one-velocity one-temperature approximation is developed. In the proposed model, the velocity of propagation of the combustion wave with respect to the gas suspension and the burning rate of the coal dust particle are parameters of the model and are determined by providing the consistency between the computed and experimental results. A comparison of the calculated flame velocity with respect to the channel walls in a wide range of mass fractions of coal dust reveals reasonable agreement with the experiments. The proposed approach can be used for estimating the influence of coal dust combustion on the intensity of shock waves formed in coal mines in the case of accidental explosions of methane

Explosion propagation in inert porous media

Porous media are often used in flame arresters because of the high surface area to volume ratio that is required for flame quenching. However, if the flame is not quenched, the flow obstruction within the porous media can promote explosion escalation, which is a well-known phenomenon in obstacle-laden channels. There are many parallels between explosion propagation through porous media and obstacle-laden channels. In both cases, the obstructions play a duel role. On the one hand, the obstruction enhances explosion propagation through an early shear-driven turbulence production mechanism and then later by shock–flame interactions that occur from lead shock reflections. On the other hand, the presence of an obstruction can suppress explosion propagation through momentum and heat losses, which both impede the unburned gas flow and extract energy from the expanding combustion products. In obstacle-laden channels, there are well-defined propagation regimes that are easily distinguished by abrupt changes in velocity. In porous media, the propagation regimes are not as distinguishable. In porous media the entire flamefront is affected, and the effects of heat loss, turbulence and compressibility are smoothly blended over most of the propagation velocity range. At low subsonic propagation speeds, heat loss to the porous media dominates, whereas at higher supersonic speeds turbulence and compressibility are important. This blending of the important phenomena results in no clear transition in propagation mechanism that is characterized by an abrupt change in propagation velocity. This is especially true for propagation velocities above the speed of sound where many experiments performed with fuel–air mixtures show a smooth increase in the propagation velocity with mixture reactivity up to the theoretical detonation wave velocity

The practical application of carbonitrile

Показано, что карбонитрации деталей существенно замедляет износ, не вызывая существенного удорожания деталей, способствует сокращению ремонтных простоев, увеличению объемов производства.It is shown that carbonitrile details significantly slows down the wear and tear without causing a significant rise in parts, reduces maintenance downtime and increase production volumes