219 research outputs found
Management of patent ductus arteriosus in premature infants.
Closure of hemodynamically significant patent ductus arterios (HSPDA)Β is one of the most important questions in modern neonatal intensive care, especially for preterm babies. Long-term functioning of the hemodynamically significantΒ arterial duct leads to a large number of complications in premature babies, such as: bronchopulmonary dysplasia, periventricular leucomalacia, intraventricular hemorrhage, retinopathy of the premature. To prevent all these complications, the PDA should be closed pharmacologically or surgically as soon as possible without any hesitation. COX inhibitors are commonly used nowa days. Ibuprofen and indomethacin show the equal efficacy and no significant adverse events. But some patients still need surgical treatment. The aim of the study was to determine the feasibility, effectiveness and safety of using various volumes of infusion in combination with COX inhibitors and to determine its effect on the timing of the closure of PDA. 91 premature infants with a gestational age of 26-31 weeks with manifestations of respiratory distress syndrome and ΠSPDA were studied retrospectively. Premies were divided into 2 groups. Research groups were representative as to gestational age, gender, and weight (1205.0Β±435.0Β g). Therapy for PDA closure included the use of various volumes of restrictive or liberal infusion therapy (from 50 to 100 ml/kg/day) and COX inhibitors (indomethacin, ibuprofen). The volume of infusion therapy was limited in the first group. Preemies received 53.5Β±6.4Β ml/kg/day on DOL1 and 2. From the third day urine excretion increased and the volume of infusion therapy also raised to 63.6Β±5.6Β ml/kg/day, and on day 5 β to 89.7Β±6.8Β ml/kg/day. In the second group there was no strict limitation of the volume of infusion therapy (especially in the first 5 days). Delayed period of PDA closure (on average from 14.55Β±0.56 DOL) was associated with absence of limitation of the infusion volume. In the first group, volume of infusion therapy was restricted in the first 5 days, and the closure of the ductus arteriosus occurred extremely early (on 2.35Β±0.48 DOL). COX inhibitors were prescribed according to the standard scheme: in the first 3 days indomethacin was administered orally in doses of 0.2/0.1/0.1Β mg/kg/day. If the premature baby had symptoms of intestinal paresis ( this restricted oral administration of indomethacin), ibuprofen was prescribed in a three-day course in doses of 10/5/5Β mg/kg/day intravenously or 20/10/10Β mg/kg/day in rectal form. In allΒ groups, standard PDA closure therapy was used. In the more remote periods (14 and 28 days), there was no fundamental difference in the volume of infusion in all groups. For early PDA closure limitation of infusion therapy in the first 3-5 days in combination with COX is principle
Power spectrum features of the near-Earth atmospheric electric field in Kamchatka
Power spectrum of the diurnal variations of the quasi-electrostatic field Ez in the near-Earth atmosphere have been presented for the first time. The Ez power spectrum variations in the period of fine weather have been shown to exhibit two bands of the periods of natural atmospheric oscillations with T = 1-5 and 6-24 h. These oscillations
are the modes of the internal gravity and tidal waves in the lower atmosphere. On the days under atmospheric precipitation, the spectral power of Ez increases by an order of magnitude. During the pre-earthquake period, when the diurnal Ez variation had an anomaly, the intensity of harmonics with T = 1.8, 2.2, and 3.8 h increased
by an order of magnitude or more in comparison with the Ez spectra in fine weather. Two additional spectral
bands with T = 0.6 and 1 h have appeared simultaneously
Features of Joint Lesions in Women with Co-Morbidity of Osteoarthritis and Osteoporosis Based On the Constitution
In this paper, the features of joint lesions in women with co-morbidity of osteoarthritis and osteoporosis based on the constitution were presented. It was found that the combined lesions of the knee joints with the small joints of the hands, knee joints combined with the first metatarsophalangeal joint, as well as isolated osteoarthritis of the knee joint were significantly more frequently identified in patients with a mesosome constitution. Combined defeat of knee joints with hip joints was found to occur in patients with megalosome constitution
Pathogenic characteristics of intracellular infection in chlamydiosis
This review analyzes scientific data and systematized information regarding microbiological aspects and pathogenesis of chlamydia infection. Chlamydia are obligate intracellular microorganisms that are sensitive to any human cells where energy parasitism is possible: various types of epithelium, fibrocytes, histiocytes, glial and muscle cells, squamous epithelium of the meninges and eyeball, neurons, monocytes, macrophages. Structure, chemical composition and enzymatic activity of Chlamydia closely resemble those in Gram-negative bacteria, as they retain their morphological identity throughout the life cycle, possess cell wall, ribosomes, DNA, RNA, biochemical elements of glycolysis, tissue respiration, peptose production being sensitive to some broad-spectrum antibiotics, and are able to vegetative form division. In recent decades, the pathogenesis and clinical symptoms of chlamydial lesions in the urogenital tract, nervous, cardiovascular, musculoskeletal and bronchopulmonary systems have been actively studied, and new approaches and treatment schemes for chlamydia-infected patients are still developing. Over many decades, Chlamydia infection has been an important and urgent problem, not only due to its high prevalence, but also because of high rate of complications negatively affecting populational health and related demographic parameters. Chlamydia causes multiple diseases resulting in chronization of inflammatory process in all human organs and systems, and affects reproduction of population. Mandatory statistical recording of chlamydiosis cases introduced as early as in 1994 in the Russian Federation does not reflect the actual incidence rate. A rise in number of inflammatory diseases of the upper respiratory tract caused by Chlamydia undoubtedly increases its etiological importance, but data regarding etiopathogenetic role of Chlamydia in ENT pathology are ambiguous and contradictory. Available publications describe a large range of variation in rate of detected Chlamydia due to poor awareness of doctors about the microbiological properties of chlamydia, pathogenetic and clinical features of clinical signs of this infection, and lack of common and clear understanding on the algorithms for identifying and treating chlamydiosis. Since the majority of chlamydia-associated nosological forms are asymptomatic, knowing pathogenetic features of related will allow to prevent the spread of the infection and reduce subsequent socio-economic consequences
Π ΠΎΠ»Ρ ΠΈΠ½Π²Π΅ΡΡΠΈΡΠΈΠΉ Π² ΠΈΠ½ΡΡΠ°ΡΡΡΡΠΊΡΡΡΡ Π² ΡΠΊΠΎΠ½ΠΎΠΌΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠΌ ΡΠΎΡΡΠ΅ ΠΈ ΡΠ±Π°Π»Π°Π½ΡΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π½ΠΎΠΌ ΡΠ΅Π³ΠΈΠΎΠ½Π°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΌ ΡΠ°Π·Π²ΠΈΡΠΈΠΈ
The authors of the paper estimated infrastructureβ impact to economic growth, which affects the regional balanced development. The relevance of the research is substantiated by the growing dynamics of investment of public funds in infrastructure development of regions. The purpose of the research is to determine the impact of infrastructure investments on economic growth and balanced regional development. The objectives of the research are: assessment of the impact of investment in infrastructure, assessment of GRP, price index in the regions, assessment of the ratio of population by regions of Russia with average per capita incomes, wages, investment in infrastructure, renewal of fixed assets and assessment of parameters for the balanced development of regions. The authors used statistical research methods (panel data, regression analysis) to identify cause-effect relationships in the process of growth and balance of the regional economy. The scientific novelty of this paper is the identification of disproportions in development of regions in comparison with the contribution of infrastructure to the regional economy. The results suggest that the volatility of infrastructure investment across regions remains high, with the contribution of infrastructure to economic growth and balanced development (p-values from 0.6363 to 0.9552). The authors concluded that the importance of infrastructure investments is one of the most important factors in achieving socio-economic development of the region. Infrastructure investment needs to be supported to reduce regional imbalances.ΠΠ²ΡΠΎΡΡ ΠΎΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ²Π°ΡΡ Π²ΠΊΠ»Π°Π΄ ΠΈΠ½ΡΡΠ°ΡΡΡΡΠΊΡΡΡΡ Π² ΡΠΊΠΎΠ½ΠΎΠΌΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΠΉ ΡΠΎΡΡ, ΠΊΠΎΡΠΎΡΡΠΉ Π²Π»ΠΈΡΠ΅Ρ Π½Π° ΡΠ΅Π³ΠΈΠΎΠ½Π°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ΅ ΡΠ±Π°Π»Π°Π½ΡΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π½ΠΎΠ΅ ΡΠ°Π·Π²ΠΈΡΠΈΠ΅. ΠΠΊΡΡΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΡ ΡΠ΅ΠΌΡ ΠΈΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΎΠ±ΡΡΠ»ΠΎΠ²Π»Π΅Π½Π° Π²ΠΎΠ·ΡΠ°ΡΡΠ°ΡΡΠ΅ΠΉ Π΄ΠΈΠ½Π°ΠΌΠΈΠΊΠΎΠΉ ΠΈΠ½Π²Π΅ΡΡΠΈΡΠΈΠΉ Π³ΠΎΡΡΠ΄Π°ΡΡΡΠ²Π΅Π½Π½ΡΡ
ΡΡΠ΅Π΄ΡΡΠ² Π² ΠΈΠ½ΡΡΠ°ΡΡΡΡΠΊΡΡΡΠ½ΠΎΠ΅ ΡΠ°Π·Π²ΠΈΡΠΈΠ΅ ΡΠ΅Π³ΠΈΠΎΠ½ΠΎΠ². Π¦Π΅Π»Ρ ΠΈΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ - ΠΎΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Π²Π»ΠΈΡΠ½ΠΈΡ ΠΈΠ½Π²Π΅ΡΡΠΈΡΠΈΠΉ Π² ΠΈΠ½ΡΡΠ°ΡΡΡΡΠΊΡΡΡΡ Π½Π° ΡΠΊΠΎΠ½ΠΎΠΌΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠΌ ΡΠΎΡΡ ΠΈ ΡΠ±Π°Π»Π°Π½ΡΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π½ΠΎΠ΅ ΡΠ΅Π³ΠΈΠΎΠ½Π°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ΅ ΡΠ°Π·Π²ΠΈΡΠΈΠ΅. ΠΠ°Π΄Π°ΡΠΈ ΠΈΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ: ΠΎΡΠ΅Π½ΠΊΠ° Π²Π»ΠΈΡΠ½ΠΈΡ ΠΈΠ½Π²Π΅ΡΡΠΈΡΠΈΠΉ Π² ΠΈΠ½ΡΡΠ°ΡΡΡΡΠΊΡΡΡΡ, ΠΎΡΠ΅Π½ΠΊΠ° ΠΠ Π, ΠΈΠ½Π΄Π΅ΠΊΡΠ° ΡΠ΅Π½ Π² ΡΠ΅Π³ΠΈΠΎΠ½Π°Ρ
, ΠΎΡΠ΅Π½ΠΊΠ° ΡΠΎΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΊΠΎΠ»ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ²Π° Π½Π°ΡΠ΅Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΏΠΎ ΡΠ΅Π³ΠΈΠΎΠ½Π°ΠΌ Π ΠΎΡΡΠΈΠΈ ΡΠΎ ΡΡΠ΅Π΄Π½Π΅Π΄ΡΡΠ΅Π²ΡΠΌΠΈ Π΄ΠΎΡ
ΠΎΠ΄Π°ΠΌΠΈ, Π·Π°ΡΠ°Π±ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΏΠ»Π°ΡΠΎΠΉ, ΠΈΠ½Π²Π΅ΡΡΠΈΡΠΈΡΠΌΠΈ Π² ΠΈΠ½ΡΡΠ°ΡΡΡΡΠΊΡΡΡΡ, ΠΎΠ±Π½ΠΎΠ²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΡΠΌΠΈ ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠ²Π½ΡΡ
ΡΠΎΠ½Π΄ΠΎΠ², ΠΎΡΠ΅Π½ΠΊΠ° ΠΏΠ°ΡΠ°ΠΌΠ΅ΡΡΠΎΠ² Π΄Π»Ρ ΡΠ±Π°Π»Π°Π½ΡΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠ°Π·Π²ΠΈΡΠΈΡ ΡΠ΅Π³ΠΈΠΎΠ½ΠΎΠ². ΠΠ»Ρ Π²ΡΡΠ²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΏΡΠΈΡΠΈΠ½Π½ΠΎ-ΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΡΡΠ²Π΅Π½Π½ΡΡ
ΡΠ²ΡΠ·Π΅ΠΉ Π² ΠΈΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΡΠ΅ΠΌΠΎΠΌ ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ΅ ΡΠΎΡΡΠ° ΠΈ ΡΠ±Π°Π»Π°Π½ΡΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ ΡΠ΅Π³ΠΈΠΎΠ½Π°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΡΠΊΠΎΠ½ΠΎΠΌΠΈΠΊΠΈ Π°Π²ΡΠΎΡΡ ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Π»ΠΈ ΡΡΠ°ΡΠΈΡΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΠ΅ ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄Ρ ΠΈΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ (ΠΏΠ°Π½Π΅Π»ΡΠ½ΡΠ΅ Π΄Π°Π½Π½ΡΠ΅, ΡΠ΅Π³ΡΠ΅ΡΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½ΡΠΉ Π°Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΠ·). ΠΠ°ΡΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ Π½ΠΎΠ²ΠΈΠ·Π½ΠΎΠΉ Π΄Π°Π½Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΈΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ ΡΠ²Π»ΡΠ΅ΡΡΡ Π²ΡΡΠ²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Π΄ΠΈΡΠΏΡΠΎΠΏΠΎΡΡΠΈΠΉ ΡΠ°Π·Π²ΠΈΡΠΈΡ ΡΠ΅Π³ΠΈΠΎΠ½ΠΎΠ² Π² ΡΠΎΠΏΠΎΡΡΠ°Π²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΈ ΡΠΎ Π²ΠΊΠ»Π°Π΄ΠΎΠΌ ΠΈΠ½ΡΡΠ°ΡΡΡΡΠΊΡΡΡΡ Π² ΡΠΊΠΎΠ½ΠΎΠΌΠΈΠΊΡ ΡΠ΅Π³ΠΈΠΎΠ½ΠΎΠ². Π Π΅Π·ΡΠ»ΡΡΠ°ΡΡ ΠΏΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·ΡΠ²Π°ΡΡ, ΡΡΠΎ Π²ΠΎΠ»Π°ΡΠΈΠ»ΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΡ ΠΈΠ½Π²Π΅ΡΡΠΈΡΠΈΠΉ Π² ΠΈΠ½ΡΡΠ°ΡΡΡΡΠΊΡΡΡΡ ΠΏΠΎ ΡΠ΅Π³ΠΈΠΎΠ½Π°ΠΌ ΠΎΡΡΠ°Π΅ΡΡΡ Π²ΡΡΠΎΠΊΠΎΠΉ, ΠΏΡΠΈ ΡΡΠΎΠΌ Π²ΠΊΠ»Π°Π΄ ΠΈΠ½ΡΡΠ°ΡΡΡΡΠΊΡΡΡΡ Π² ΡΠΊΠΎΠ½ΠΎΠΌΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΠΉ ΡΠΎΡΡ ΠΈ ΡΠ±Π°Π»Π°Π½ΡΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π½ΠΎΠ΅ ΡΠ°Π·Π²ΠΈΡΠΈΠ΅ Π²Π΅Π»ΠΈΠΊ (p-Π·Π½Π°ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΎΡ 0,6363 Π΄ΠΎ 0,9552). ΠΠ²ΡΠΎΡΠ°ΠΌΠΈ ΡΠ΄Π΅Π»Π°Π½ Π²ΡΠ²ΠΎΠ΄, ΡΡΠΎ ΠΈΠ½ΡΡΠ°ΡΡΡΡΠΊΡΡΡΠ½ΡΠ΅ ΠΈΠ½Π²Π΅ΡΡΠΈΡΠΈΠΈ ΡΠ²Π»ΡΡΡΡΡ ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΈΠΌ ΠΈΠ· Π½Π°ΠΈΠ±ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π΅ Π²Π°ΠΆΠ½ΡΡ
ΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠΎΡΠΎΠ² Π΄ΠΎΡΡΠΈΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΡΠΎΡΠΈΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎ-ΡΠΊΠΎΠ½ΠΎΠΌΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠ°Π·Π²ΠΈΡΠΈΡ ΡΠ΅Π³ΠΈΠΎΠ½Π°. ΠΠ»Ρ ΡΠΎΠΊΡΠ°ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ Π΄ΠΈΡΠ±Π°Π»Π°Π½ΡΠ° ΡΠ΅Π³ΠΈΠΎΠ½Π°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠ°Π·Π²ΠΈΡΠΈΡ Π½Π΅ΠΎΠ±Ρ
ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠΌΠΎ ΠΎΠΏΠΈΡΠ°ΡΡΡΡ Π½Π° ΠΈΠ½Π²Π΅ΡΡΠΈΡΠΈΠΈ Π² ΠΈΠ½ΡΡΠ°ΡΡΡΡΠΊΡΡΡΡ
Aging Challenges. Perceived Age β a New Predictor of Longevity?
The ageing process is accompanied by the manifestation of many characteristics, so-called biomarkers, which can be quantified and used to assess a patient's health status. One of these signs is the progressive decline of a human's facial look, which is described by the concept of 'perceived age'. Facial aging is the most important parameter of perceived age. However, over the years, researchers have identified risk factors that affect the facial skin, including smoking, systematic consumption of alcoholic beverages, overweight or underweight, environmental conditions, and psychosocial determinants. The influence of psychological state on the appearance and life prognosis is shown. The authors presented data from the international literature on the study of perceived age. The frontiers of using perceived age as a biomarker of aging were Danish scientists who developed the main methodological approaches to determine this indicator. One such methodology used in population studies has been the clinical technique of assessing perceived age through photography. The review presents this methodology in detail, with its advantages and modifications. The authors conclude that the measurement of an individual's perceived age can serve not only as a prognostic indicator,Β but also over time can become aΒ Β useful marker of the effectiveness of various treatments. Until now perceived age has hardly been studied in population studies, the authors presented data from the works of V.A.Β Labunskaya, G.V.Β Serikov,Β T.A.Β Shkurko who develop the direction related to psychology of perceived ageΒ and in their studies use social-psychological approaches of appearance assessment
INTRA-FAMILY CHLAMYDIA CONTAMINATION IN UPPER SEGMENTS OF RESPIRATORY TRACT
The paper presents the results of studying of 44 families of patients with diseases of upper segment of respiratory tract, associated with Chlamydia infection. Control group included. 43 families of ENT-patients without Chlamydia infection. Diagnostics of Chlamydia infection was provided by using the complex of laboratory methods (direct fluorescence immunoassay and immune-enzyme analysis, polymerase-chain reaction). The presence of a patient with respiratory chlamydiosis in a family promotes infecting of other members of the family with Chlamydia
Green strategies for the sustainable growth of food security
Modern society today is reconsidering its development strategy in the light of changing environmental conditions. The global climatic changes observed over the last 30-40 years require not just a careful attitude toward nature and resources, but a comprehensive review of the technologies of production and processing of raw materials and resources. The consumer strategy that has dominated society for the past 2-3 centuries must be completely transformed into a new philosophy of sustainable development of economic systems and growth of food supply for the growing world population. Deteriorating production conditions and resource depletion will not allow a growing humanity to develop at the same speed without a sustainable food base. Therefore, the task of increasing food security becomes a priority in the strategy for the development of the national economy. Β© The Authors, published by EDP Sciences, 2023
ΠΠ½ΡΠΈΠ±Π°ΠΊΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ°Π»ΡΠ½Π°Ρ ΠΈΠ½Π³Π°Π»ΡΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½Π°Ρ ΡΠ΅ΡΠ°ΠΏΠΈΡ ΡΠΈΠ°ΠΌΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠΊΠΎΠ»Π° Π³Π»ΠΈΡΠΈΠ½Π°Ρ Π°ΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ»ΡΠΈΡΡΠ΅ΠΈΠ½Π°ΡΠΎΠΌ Π² ΠΏΡΠ»ΡΠΌΠΎΠ½ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠΉ ΠΏΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠΈΠΊΠ΅
Thiamphenicol glycinate acetylcysteinate (TGA) is a combination of thiamphenicol, a broad-spectrum antibiotic, and mucolytic drug N-acetylcysteine.Β This article is aΒ review of pharmacological, microbiological, and clinical effects of this combined drug.Β Inhaled TGA could be considered as a worthyΒ alternative for oral mucolytics and oralΒ antibiotics in treatment of upper and lower airway diseases, such as acute and chronicΒ rhinosinusitis, otitis media,Β tonsillitis, acute bronchitis, and acute exacerbation of chronic bronchitis and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, in children and adults.Π’ΠΈΠ°ΠΌΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠΊΠΎΠ»Π° Π³Π»ΠΈΡΠΈΠ½Π°Ρ Π°ΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ»ΡΠΈΡΡΠ΅ΠΈΠ½Π°Ρ (Π’ΠΠ) β ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΏΠ»Π΅ΠΊΡΠ½ΠΎΠ΅ Π»Π΅ΠΊΠ°ΡΡΡΠ²Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠ΅ ΡΡΠ΅Π΄ΡΡΠ²ΠΎ, ΡΠΎΠ΄Π΅ΡΠΆΠ°ΡΠ΅Π΅ Π°Π½ΡΠΈΠ±Π°ΠΊΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΡΠΉ ΠΏΡΠ΅ΠΏΠ°ΡΠ°ΡΒ (ΠΠΠ) ΡΠΈΡΠΎΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠΏΠ΅ΠΊΡΡΠ° Π΄Π΅ΠΉΡΡΠ²ΠΈΡ ΡΠΈΠ°ΠΌΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠΊΠΎΠ» ΠΈΒ ΠΌΡΠΊΠΎΠ»ΠΈΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΠΉ ΠΏΡΠ΅ΠΏΠ°ΡΠ°Ρ N-Π°ΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ»ΡΠΈΡΡΠ΅ΠΈΠ½. Π ΠΎΠ±Π·ΠΎΡΠ΅ ΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄ΡΡΠ°Π²Π»Π΅Π½Ρ ΡΠ°ΡΠΌΠ°ΠΊΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΠ΅,Β ΠΌΠΈΠΊΡΠΎΠ±ΠΈΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΠ΅ ΠΈ ΠΊΠ»ΠΈΠ½ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΠ΅ Π°ΡΠΏΠ΅ΠΊΡΡ ΠΏΡΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΏΡΠ΅ΠΏΠ°ΡΠ°ΡΠ°. ΠΠ½Π³Π°Π»ΡΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½ΠΎΠ΅Β ΠΏΡΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Π’ΠΠ (Π€Π»ΡΠΈΠΌΡΡΠΈΠ»-Π°Π½ΡΠΈΠ±ΠΈΠΎΡΠΈΠΊ ΠΠ’) ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅Ρ ΡΠ»ΡΠΆΠΈΡΡ Π΄ΠΎΡΡΠΎΠΉΠ½ΠΎΠΉ Π°Π»ΡΡΠ΅ΡΠ½Π°ΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΠΉΒ ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠΎΡΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΌΡ ΠΏΡΠΈΠ΅ΠΌΡ ΡΡΠ΄Π° ΠΌΡΠΊΠΎΠ°ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΡΡ
ΡΡΠ΅Π΄ΡΡΠ² ΠΈ ΠΠΠ, ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΠ·ΡΠ΅ΠΌΡΡ
Π² Π»Π΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠΈΒ Π·Π°Π±ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π²Π°Π½ΠΈΠΉ Π²Π΅ΡΡ
Π½ΠΈΡ
(ΠΎΡΡΡΡΠΉ ΠΈ Ρ
ΡΠΎΠ½ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΠΉ ΡΠΈΠ½ΠΎΡΠΈΠ½ΡΡΠΈΡ, ΡΡΠ΅Π΄Π½ΠΈΠΉ ΠΎΡΠΈΡ, ΡΠΎΠ½Π·ΠΈΠ»Π»ΠΈΡ)Β ΠΈ Π½ΠΈΠΆΠ½ΠΈΡ
(ΠΎΡΡΡΡΠΉ Π±ΡΠΎΠ½Ρ
ΠΈΡ, ΠΎΠ±ΠΎΡΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ Ρ
ΡΠΎΠ½ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π±ΡΠΎΠ½Ρ
ΠΈΡΠ° ΠΈ Ρ
ΡΠΎ Π½ΠΈΡΠ΅Ρ ΠΊΠΎΠΉ ΠΎΠ±ΡΡΡΡΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΠΉ Π±ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π·Π½ΠΈ Π»Π΅Π³ΠΊΠΈΡ
) Π΄ΡΡ
Π°ΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΠΏΡΡΠ΅ΠΉ ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ Ρ Π²Π·ΡΠΎΡΠ»ΡΡ
, ΡΠ°ΠΊ ΠΈ Ρ Π΄Π΅ΡΠ΅ΠΉ
- β¦