Organizational and managerial solutions for online (distance) interaction in the educational process at the school

Introduction. The digitalization of education in the context of a pandemic served as an important factor in the transformation of traditional forms of communication, transferring all the variety of interactions between participants in educational relations into a distance format. In a situation of variability and uncertainty, the problem of finding effective organizational and managerial solutions to fulfill the tasks facing the school with the use of modern distant technologies has become keener. Research methods. To identify organizational and managerial decisions, to assess their effectiveness, a set of methods was used: Questioning of teachers based on the research of Heldt, Lorenz and Eickelmann; statistical methods in the analysis of personal data (mean, standard deviation), a method for comparing the design of distant interaction between educational institutions in Russia and Germany. Results. Organizational and managerial solutions have been identified that ensured effective communication in solving the problems of the gymnasium in a distant format; it was found that the effectiveness of remote work is provided by a set of management decisions aimed at providing different types of support - technical, pedagogical, organizational; substantiated that the development and adoption of a media concept, regulations, instructions, recommendations for the organization and implementation of digital communication, the creation of unified media channels in the interaction systems "students - teacher", "parent - teacher", "teacher - school administration", "parent - school administration", the participation of teachers in advanced training programs in aggregate ensured the solution of a complex of problems in the context of an aggravated epidemiological situation and in order to preserve health; defined the forms of corporate digital dialogue: Exchange of effective communication practices, a system of support and mutual assistance, mutual training. © 2020 LLC Ecological Help. All rights reserved

PSYCHOLOGICAL PECULIARITIES OF PROFESSIONAL RESPONSIBILITY OF FUTURE SPECIALISTS OF THE CIVIL DEFENCE SERVICE

The essence of the concept of “responsibility” and “professional responsibility of a rescuer” is revealed in the article; the psychological foundations of the development of responsible behavior are analyzed; the main ways and means that ensure the success of the process of the responsibility formation, the main pedagogical conditions for improving educational activities and the formation of responsibility among the cadets are presented.The essence of the concept of “responsibility” and “professional responsibility of a rescuer” is revealed in the article; the psychological foundations of the development of responsible behavior are analyzed; the main ways and means that ensure the success of the process of the responsibility formation, the main pedagogical conditions for improving educational activities and the formation of responsibility among the cadets are presented

Global trends in digital transformation and media positioning of universities in social networks

For modern universities, social media is a competitive environment and a platform to increase their brand awareness in global and national rankings and promote educational, scientific and innovative services to a social media audience using marketing tools. The positioning of a modern university in social media is an activity focused on presenting the university and its services in the most advantageous way, popularising science. The aim of the study is to examine global trends in the positioning and digital transformation of university media activity in social media based on open statistical data. The authors analysed university presence indices in eight social networks (VK, Instagram, Facebook, YouTube, Telegram, Twitter, OK, Tik-Tok) of universities from the top 10 media activity rankings (2021), taking into account the specifics of each social network. The universities with the maximum media presence in each social network are highlighted. It is noted that a prominent presence on social media is based on working on the university’s positive media image and implementing global media positioning trends into strategic development. Two different strategies for positioning in the media space have been detected, and social networks with great potential for positioning higher education institutions in terms of age and the market segment capacity they cover are noted. The study can be useful to sociologists, economists, marketing experts and university professors

Prospects for photostimulation of nisin biosynthesis

The purpose of the article was to study the effect of blue spectrum light on the nisin producer Lactobacillus lactis. It was found that photostimulation of a Lactobacillus Lactis culture with blue spectrum light (435-470 nm) with a light flux intensity of 1800 mcd for 50-60 minutes positively affects the activity of nisin (increases by 60.1%), while the titer of the Lactobacillus culture lactis is 2 times higher. At the same time, there is a slight decrease in nisin titer after 24 hours of incubation, which is explained by the peculiarities of nisin biosynthesis: nisin is less active at the beginning of biosynthesis; during the period of the exponential growth phase, an increase in the biosynthesis of nisin is noted; the greatest activity of nisin is noted at the beginning of the stationary phase; nisin synthesis is reduced in the middle of the stationary phase of the cells; self-regulation of nisin synthesis (increased nisin synthesis leads to increased competition for metabolites of the substrate and energy material, nisin molecules act as an external factor that regulates synthesis). Light treatment of the nisin producer Lactobacillus lactis increases its resistance to oxidative stress and enhances its viability. As a result of studies during storage of the Lactobacillus lactis culture in skimmed milk, the positive effect of light on the high preservation of nisin activity was proved. Thus, photostimulation of the bioproducer of nisin - Lactobacillus Lactis culture with blue light with a light flux intensity of 1800 mcd for 50-60 minutes has a positive effect on its viability and allows us to recommend the use of blue light to increase nisin production. © Published under licence by IOP Publishing Ltd

Трансформация форм коммуникаций в современном университете при цифровой глобализации

Problem and goal. In the context of digital globalization traditional forms of communication at the university are forced to transform in order to meet educational objectives. However, the established practice of building communications in universities in new formats has revealed a number of problems of ineffective interaction between participants in the educational process. The article aims to identify the main features of the transformation of the forms of communication in distance learning at the university. Particular attention is paid to the conditions for the formation of an effective digital dialogue in the university-student-teacher triad. Materials and research methods. The study of the transformation of communication is considered from an economic, pedagogical, and philological (semiological) point of view. The economic approach includes consideration of resource constraints that prevent the development of various forms of communication in the educational space, and an assessment of the effectiveness of the communication process. The pedagogical approach allows to evaluate the technologies and formats of communication in online learning. The semiological approach is focused on the choice of techniques and schemes that are adequate to digital dialogue. The empirical research was carried out using the questionnaire. The survey involved 2-4-year students at the Ural Federal University named after the first President of Russia B. N. Yeltsin. Research results. In the 2020-2021 academic year, students were able to adapt to rapid inclusion in distance learning and the use of digital technologies, but half of the students prefer to return to the traditional format of education, 39% of students for a mixed (blended learning) format. It was found that if the verbal forms of communication when transferring the course content from the teacher to the students were not transformed taking into account the digital environment and online learning, then this could lead to unnecessary complexity for perception (according to 54.5% of respondents), the appearance of information noise, as a consequence, the appearance of discomfort (for 40% of the respondents) and attempts to avoid communication (for 18%). 52% of students indicated that their opinion about distance improved over time. Discussion and conclusions. The authors concluded that digital skills today mean more than digital literacy. In communication, it is important to develop new technologies, techniques and tools that are adequate to new educational and upbringing tasks. And in modern conditions, burdened by pandemic threats, other ways of digitalizing the university with the construction of effective communications are rather impossible. © 2021 LLC Ecological Help. All rights reserved

Mineral and bone metabolism in patients with idiopathic scoliosis depending on the magnitude of the deformity

Objective: Analysis of the results of the study of mineral metabolism and bone formation markers in patients with idiopathic scoliosis, depending on the magnitude of the deformity.Material and methods: Based on the retrospective single‑center study in 30 patients diagnosed with scoliosis the preoperative parameters of calcium metabolism (total and ionized calcium, parathyroid hormone, 24‑hour urine calcium), phosphorus, bone formation markers (alkaline phosphatase, osteocalcin, P1NP in the blood), deoxypyridinoline in morning urine, blood levels of 25(OH)D have been analyzed. The patients were divided into 3 groups: with a deformity of 25–40 ° (group 1), 40–60 ° (group 2) and 60–80 ° (group 3) (n = 30). The mean age in all groups was 18.5 ± 4.7.Results: In patients with idiopathic scoliosis, alkaline phosphatase and P1NP significantly exceeded normal values in the first group, which indicated a more high‑turnover type of bone remodeling with a deficient level of 25(OH)D. A higher excretion of deoxypyridinoline and a decrease in phosphorus in blood in patients with a deformity of 60–80 ° suggest a violation of the ratio of the processes of synthesis and resorption in bone tissue.Conclusion: The study of mineral metabolism and all the main markers of bone formation made it possible to obtain a more complete picture of the state of metabolic processes in bone tissue, to obtain reliable data on the effect of some of them on the nature of bone remodeling and the magnitude of spinal deformity

Образовательный потенциал подкастов в контексте формирования правовой культуры личности: новый формат и новые возможности медиасферы

Problem and goal. The development of new media, new modern IT technologies is also aimed at promoting legal content. New formats of the media sphere create new opportunities for dialogue on legal culture. The aim of the article is to study the educational potential of podcasting in the context of the formation of the human legal culture. Materials and research methods. Methodological approaches: cultural-historical approach for revealing personality as a product of cultural development, contextual approach for understanding the role of public opinion in personality development, competence-based approach for identifying the educational process in podcasts and selecting content for the construct "legal culture", personality-oriented approach for understanding self-developing and self-regulating personality in the process of forming a legal culture. An empirical study was carried out using the GetPodcast application on search queries for podcasts by words or phrases correlated with the theoretical construct "legal culture" in Russian and English, the time period for placing a podcast in the application was measured; the research is based on measuring, systematizing, comparing, summarizing, monitoring, interpreting the results of researching the audio content of podcasts. Research results. In 2020, on average, more than 2.5 million episodes on legal culture in English and more than 17.5 thousand in Russian were created in the media sphere. The authors calculated that the number of podcasts by one key concept in English is on average 234 times higher than the number of podcasts in Russian, which indicates the active spread of the new format of the media sphere throughout the world, while the demand for English-language podcasts is objectively higher. The growth rate of the number of podcasts in 2020 averages 66% and 58% for Russian-speaking and English-speaking podcasts, respectively, while the growth over the past six months is higher: 97% and 72%, respectively. This can be explained by the pandemic situation and forced self-isolation, as well as digital globalization and digital competencies of the population. Discussion and conclusion. The authors came to the conclusion that podcasts, as a new format of the media sphere, have educational potential, which must be used to a greater extent for the formation of the human legal culture. At the same time, the educational potential reveals the cognitive and epistemological interest of the listener. Podcasts form socially significant and personally necessary knowledge of a legal nature and meaning, which to a greater extent affects the condition and result of the process of forming human legal culture. © 2021 LLC Ecological Help. All rights reserved.The research was carried out with the financial support of the Russian Foundation for Basic Research, project No. 20-013-00813 “Educational potential of the media sphere as a space for the development of legal culture and a culture of human rights in modern Russia”

Radiomorphological Parameters of the Foot Bones During the Talus Fracture Treatment Using the Ilizarov Apparatus

Background: Talus fractures are one of the most dangerous injuries leading to serious consequences. Quite a lot of treatment methods have been proposed, but the use of the Ilizarov apparatus is relatively rare.   Objective: To justify the use of the Ilizarov apparatus in the talus fracture treatment by studying radiomorphological parameters of the foot bones at different stages of follow-up.   Methods: We used radiography and multislice computed tomography (MSCT) in 25 patients treated for talus injuries by the Ilizarov apparatus to study radiographic and radiomorphological features of the foot bones at different stages of follow-up. We analyzed normal parameters of the foot bones forming the ankle joint in 15 patients.   Results and discussion: Dynamics of talus radiomorphology during its fracture or fracture-dislocation are characterized by a gradual increase in the bone density at the union site. The local density of the talus at the fracture site gradually increased and exceeded 500 HU in 6 months. The organotypic adjustment at the union site did not end by this time, given the architecture of the talus and the biomechanics of the foot. We observed a decrease in the total densities of the talus and calcaneus during fixation by the Ilizarov apparatus and their gradual return to normal values after removal of the apparatus.   Conclusions: Talus fracture treatment by transosseous osteosynthesis using the Ilizarov apparatus makes it possible to get immediate good results, especially using a configuration with hinges allowing for early mobilization of the ankle joint and loading in the early stages of treatment

СТАН АДЕНІЛАТНОЇ СИСТЕМИ ЕРИТРОЦИТІВ ЩУРІВ-САМОК ПІД ВПЛИВОМ ТЕСТОСТЕРОНУ ТА ЕСТРАДІОЛУ ЗА УМОВ ЕКСПЕРИМЕНТАЛЬНОГО ГІПЕРАКТИВНОГО СЕЧОВОГО МІХУРА

Introduction. The prevalence of the symptom complex of overactive bladder, especially among women before and after menopausal age, the complexity of its treatment is due to uncertainty until the end of the mechanisms of its development. Application to clinical practice of hormonal drugs requires pathogenetic justification. These processes require a unified approach to their refinement, which dictates the need to create an experimental model with the study of the adenyl system. The aim of the study – to learn the change of quantitative indices of erythrocyte adenylate system in female rats with experimental overactive bladder syndrome (OBS) corrected with testosterone and estradiol. Research Methods. The experiments were conducted on 50 female rats of the Wistar line which were divided on 4 groups. The group 1 consisted of intact animals (n = 10). Animals of the group 2 (n = 10) with experimental overactive bladder were not subjected to pharmacological correction. In the group 3 of animals (n = 20), overactive bladder was modeled and two subgroups were organized, corrected with testosterone and estradiol, respectively. The animals of the group 4 (n = 10) were administered with a composition of testosterone and estradiol. Sex hormones were administered at doses of 1.0 mg/animal (testosterone), and 0.2 mg/animal (estradiol), depending on the average weight. The overactive bladder model was induced by daily intravenous administration of Homviotensin (Germany) at a dose of 0.45 mg/kg of body weight per active substance reserpine for 2 weeks. The concentration of adenyl nucleotides (ATP, ADP and AMP) and combination thereof in the blood was determined using the Agilent 1200 chromatograph (Agilent Technologies, USA). Results and Discussion. We found a significant disturbance of the content of adenyl nucleotides in the overactive bladder animal model: a statistically important decrease in ATP and AMP levels at increased ADP, which contributed to a sharp reduction of the total content of the study nucleotides by 50.2 %. Under the influence of testosterone and estradiol the quantitative indices of ATP, ADP and AMP content in erythrocytes were restored, that suggested the protective effect of sex hormones on energy profile. Conclusions. A sharp decrease of ATP and AMP levels and an increase of ADP level, which caused the dynamic fluctuations of energy charge and the energy cellular potential, was revealed in the overactive bladder of experimental animals. This suggests the development of a deficiency of high-energy phosphate compounds, which confirms a depletion of ATP-ADP-AMP adenylate system at overactive bladder. The androgen-estrogenic action at experimental overactive bladder syndrome demonstrates the pathogenetic orientation of protective effect on restoration of energy resources of cells, and, therefore, normalizing all components of the adenylate system of red blood cells, in particular ATP.Вступление. Распространенность симптомокомплекса гиперактивного мочевого пузыря (ГАМП), особенно среди женщин пред- и менопаузного возраста, сложность лечения обусловлены тем, что механизмы его развития окончательно не определены. Применение в клинической практике гормональных препаратов нуждается в патогенетическом обосновании. Указанные процессы требуют единого подхода к их уточнению, что диктует необходимость создания экспериментальной модели с исследованием состояния адениловой системы. Цель исследования – изучить изменение количественных показателей аденилатной системы эритроцитов крыс-самок при коррекции экспериментального гиперактивного мочевого пузыря тестостероном и эстрадиолом. Методы исследования. Опыты проводили на 50 крысах-самках линии Вистар, которых разделили на 4 группы: 1-я (n=10) – интактные животные; 2-я (n=10) – животные с экспериментальным ГАМП, которым фармакологической коррекции не проводили; 3-я (n=20) – животные, которым моделировали ГАМП, в этой группе формировали 2 подгруппы и проводили коррекцию тестостероном и эстрадиолом соответственно; 4-я (n=10) – животные, которым вводили композицию тестостерона и эстрадиола. Половые гормоны вводили в дозах 1,0 мг/особь тестостерона и 0,2 мг/особь эстрадиола в расчете на средний вес. Гиперактивный мочевой пузырь моделировали путем внутрибрюшного введения препарата “Хомвиотензин” (Германия) ежедневно в течение 2-х недель в дозе 0,45 мг/кг массы тела в расчете на действующее вещество резерпин. В крови, используя хроматограф Agilent 1200 (Agilent Technologies, США), определяли содержание адениловых нуклеотидов (АТФ, АДФ, АМФ) и их соотношение. Результаты и обсуждения. Установлено существенное нарушение содержания адениловых нуклеотидов при ГАМП: достоверное снижение уровня АТФ и АМФ при повышении уровня АДФ, что способствовало резкому уменьшению общего содержания исследуемых нуклеотидов на 50,2 %. Под влиянием тестостерона и эстрадиола восстанавливались количественные показатели содержания АТФ, АДФ и АМФ в эритроцитах, что свидетельствовало о протекторном действии половых гормонов на энергетический профиль. Вывод. При экспериментальном гиперактивном мочевом пузыре выявлено резкое снижение уровня АТФ и АМФ и повышение уровня АДФ, что вызвало динамические колебания энергетического заряда и энергетического клеточного потенциала. Это свидетельствует о развитии дефицита высокоэнергетических фосфатных соединений, подтверждая истощение аденилатной системы АТФ – АДФ – АМФ при ГАМП. Андроген-эстрогенное действие при экспериментальном гиперактивном мочевом пузыре проявляет патогенетическую направленность протекторного влияния на восстановление энергетических ресурсов клеток, нормализуя все компоненты аденилатной системы эритроцитов, особенно АТФ.Вступ. Поширеність симптомокомплексу гіперактивного сечового міхура (ГАСМ), особливо серед жінок перед- та менопаузального віку, складність лікування зумовлені тим, що механізми його розвитку остаточно не визначено. Застосування в клінічній практиці гормональних препаратів потребує патогенетичного обґрунтування. Зазначені процеси вимагають єдиного підходу до їх уточнення, що диктує необхідність створення експериментальної моделі з дослідженням аденілової системи. Мета дослідження – вивчити зміну кількісних показників аденілатної системи еритроцитів щурів-самок при корекції експериментального гіперактивного сечового міхура тестостероном та естрадіолом.  Методи дослідження. Досліди проводили на 50 щурах-самках лінії Вістар, яких поділили на 4 групи: 1-ша (n=10) – інтактні тварини; 2-га (n=10) – тварини з експериментальним ГАСМ, яким фармакологічної корекції не проводили; 3-тя (n=20) – тварини, яким моделювали ГАСМ, у цій групі формували 2 підгрупи і виконували корекцію тестостероном та естрадіолом відповідно; 4-та (n=10) – тварини, яким вводили композицію тестостерону й естрадіолу. Статеві гормони вводили в дозах 1,0 мг/особину тестостерону і 0,2 мг/особину естрадіолу з розрахунку на середню масу. Гіперактивний сечовий міхур моделювали шляхом внутрішньочеревного введення препарату “Хомвіотензін” (Німеччина) щодня протягом 2-х тижнів у дозі 0,45 мг/кг маси тіла з розрахунку на діючу речовину резерпін. У крові, використовуючи хроматограф Agilent 1200 (Agilent Technologies, США), визначали вміст аденілових нуклеотидів (АТФ, АДФ, АМФ) та їх співвідношення. Результати й обговорення. Встановлено суттєве порушення вмісту аденілових нуклеотидів при ГАСМ: вірогідне зниження рівня АТФ та АМФ при підвищенні АДФ, що сприяло різкому зменшенню загального вмісту досліджуваних нуклеотидів на 50,2 %. Під впливом тестостерону та естрадіолу відновлювались кількісні показники вмісту АТФ, АДФ та АМФ в еритроцитах, що свідчило про протекторну дію статевих гормонів на енергетичний профіль. Висновок. При експериментальному гіперактивному сечовому міхурі виявлено різке зниження рівня АТФ і АМФ та підвищення рівня АДФ, що викликало динамічні коливання енергетичного заряду й енергетичного клітинного потенціалу. Це свідчить про розвиток дефіциту високоенергетичних фосфатних сполук, підтверджуючи виснаження аденілатної системи АТФ – АДФ – АМФ при ГАСМ. Андроген-естрогенна дія при експериментальному гіперактивному сечовому міхурі проявляє патогенетичну спрямованість протекторного впливу на відновлення енергетичних ресурсів клітин, нормалізуючи всі компоненти аденілатної системи еритроцитів, особливо АТФ

Orthopaedic, psychological, social and philosophical aspects of achondroplasia patients treated with the Ilizarov method

Introduction Achondroplasia is the most common skeletal dysplasia with limb shortening that can be symptomatically be treated with the Ilizarov method developed in the 20th century. Achondroplasia patients were shown to have medical and surgical possibilities for height increase with indications being controversial, and psychological and social implications to be considered. Objective The purpose of the study was to review our own data and reported findings on possibilities, results and complications of Ilizarov treatment of achondroplasia patients. Material and methods Outcomes of 750 achondroplasia patients treated at the Kurgan Ilizarov Center between 1976 and 2017 were reviewed. The patients’age ranged from 4 to 23 years. Results Long-term outcomes were followed up in all the cases. Radiography was used to assess limb elongation at follow-ups and MRI, MSCT and US were optional. Ten-to-fifteen-year follow-ups showed persisted length gain, early osteoarthritis of the hip and knee joints due to baseline articular changes, completely restructured femur and tibia at the distraction site, normal anatomy and area of muscle cross-section, normal structure and thickness of tibial muscles. Social and psychological profile appeared to improve. We have data from the patients who underwent limb lengthening 30 years ago. Many of them are employed, have family and children. Conclusion The findings suggest that achondroplasia patients, a comparatively small group of short statured people, have good reasons to feel empowered, get social support, make parents happy and contribute to the success of the country. The Ilizarov method has turned the idea of height increase into an accomplishment for benefits of doctors and patients being an achievement of orthopaedic world to address orthopaedic, social, psychological and philosophical issues