ORGANIZATION OF GASIFICATION OF THE REPUBLIC OF CRIMEA

The problems of gasification of the population of the Republic of Crimea have been considered. It has been revealed, that the lack of gas in the settlements of the Republic hinders the development of social infrastructure, as gas fuel provides significant saving money for consumers. The priority aspects of gasification in the regions and in the Republic of Crimea have been listed. The conditions of priority allocation of investments for gasification of the region have been named. Solutions to the problems between the regional government and business representatives have been offered. The existing examples of gasification have been adduced

The algorithm of interaction of the enterprises of fuel and energy complex in implementation with the use of alternative means of payment

The structure of the algorithm for building a system of payment interaction of enterprises of the fuel and energy complex has been off red. The necessity to include such intangible components as trust, business reputation, transparency of economic relations in the assessment of the value of assets of the fuel and energy complex enterprises has been highlighted. The possibility of wider application of mechanisms of non-monetary trade in the conditions of economy of “distrust” and political and economic crisis has been designated. The peculiartities of cooperation between the enterprises of the fuel and energy complex in the conditions of sanctions pressure, turning into a trade war have been revealed. The possibilities of activation and development of resource trade as one of the main factors of increasing the security of the fuel and energy complex and the Russian economy as a whole have been discovered

Ensuring sustainable energy supply of the Republic of Crimea with the help of public private partnership mechanisms

The assessment of the current state of energy supply in the Republic of Crimea has been made. The main problems, that impede the successful gasification of the republic, such as the lack of funding, insufficient development of the institutional environment, weak human resources, and sanctions, - have been considered. The possible solutions to the problem of energy supply through public-private partnership mechanisms, in particular, a concession agreement have been suggested. Also the assessment of potential of the peninsula in the implementation of projects on the basis of a concession agreement has been made

A differential method of search for the CMBR spectral-spatial fluctuations

The CMBR spectral-spatial fluctuations (SSF) formed in early Universe during the Dark Ages are considered. Main attention is focused on the narrow-band spectral properties of the SSF. Based on these properties we propose to use a differential method in order to search for these fluctuations. Description of the method is given.Comment: Latex, 9 pages with 4 Postscript figure

Reconstructing Images from Projections Using the Maximum-Entropy Method. Numerical Simulations of Low-Aspect Astrotomography

The reconstruction of images from a small number of projections using the maximum-entropy method (MEM) with the Shannon entropy is considered. MEM provides higher-quality image reconstruction for sources with extended components than the Hogbom CLEAN method, which is also used in low-aspect astrotomography. The quality of image reconstruction for sources with mixed structure containing bright, compact features embedded in a comparatively weak, extended base can be further improved using a difference-mapping method, which requires a generalization of MEM for the reconstruction of sign-variable functions.We draw conclusions based on the results of numerical simulations for a number of model radio sources with various morphologies.Comment: 11 pages, 9 figure

Specific features of intrafamily interaction in the families of preschool children aged 6-7 years who were premature at birth

Diagnostic studies of intrafamily interaction in 106 families who rise preschool older children born at the gestational age of 32-37 weeks have been made. The control group comprised 54 families who had full term age matched children. The study of the parents" attitude toward their family role and parent-child relationship was conducted according to the PARI methods. It has been stabled that specificities of intrafamily interaction are determined by the gestational age of the child at birth. It has been shown that families rising premature children who were born at 32-34 weeks of gestation are characterized by disturbed parental role family role and disturbed parent-child relationship. We have failed to identify differenceis in the character of intrafamily interaction between families of preschool children born at the gestational age of 35-37 weeks and families with full term preschool children. The data obtained confirm the necessity to diagnose intrafamily interaction and psychological assistance to families who rise preschool children aged 6-7 years who were premature at birth.Проведена диагностика внутрисемейных отношений в 106 семьях, воспитывающих недоношенных детей старшего дошкольного возраста, родившихся в сроке гестации 32-37 недель. Контролем послужили 54 семьи, имевшие доношенных детей аналогичного возраста. Изучение отношения родителей к семейной роли и родительско-детских отношений проводилось по методике PARI. Установлено, что особенности внутрисемейных отношений определяются гестационным возрастом ребенка при рождении. Показано, что для семей, воспитывающих недоношенных детей, родившихся в сроке гестации 32-34 недели, характерны нарушение установок в отношении родителей к семейной роли и дисгармоничность родительско-детских отношений. Не выявлено различий в характере внутрисемейных отношений между семьями дошкольников, родившихся в сроке гестации 35-37 недель, и семьями доношенных дошкольников. Полученные результаты свидетельствуют о необходимости диагностики внутрисемейных отношений и психологического сопровождения семей, воспитывающих недоношенных детей старшего дошкольного возраста

Formation of students' scientific thinking based on the learning of methods of the substance analysis

Introduction. In Federal State Standards of the Higher Education (FSS HE) of the natural-science and technical specialties and also in a number of the corresponding professional standards, the competence in the field of analytical chemistry is specified as one of the main qualification characteristics of an expert/university graduate. It is caused by interdisciplinarity of analytical chemistry and a wide range of application of analysis methods which are used today not only directly on chemical production, but also in power engineering, construction engineering, metallurgy, materials science, standardization, certification, and many other spheres. At the current time, however, there is a big gap between achievements of chemical science and content of high school discipline that reduces quality of staff training demanded in labour market. This discrepancy is caused both by preservation of traditional methodology of teaching chemistry and the reasons of the methodical plan. The aim of the publication is to search for more effective and productive ways of mastering the educational material that is relevant for acquiring the qualifications required from the university graduate. Methodology and research methods. Methodological framework of the article involves the concepts of chemical and natural-science education at the higher school; the principles of the system-based, cognitive, practice-focused and competence-based training. Results and scientific novelty. On the basis of the review and generalization of scientific and methodological resources on the theory and practice of application of the analysis methods of substances from didactic positions, a number of these methods have been singled out and compared; their role and features in determination of a molecule structure and other characteristics of an individual substance and its solutions have been shown. Despite the fact that the work is carried out using known methods of analysis, such a generalization makes it possible to more clearly understand the principles of the choice of a method and the method importance according to the purposes and specifics of the studied object that is essential for formation of research skills during training, as well as for formation of scientific thinking and the required qualification acquisition by graduates of the natural-science and technical specialties. In order to update the acquired knowledge, the examples illustrating applied use of various analysis methods in modern research and production practice have been collected. Tables have been made for a faster perception of the material by methods of analysis for the purpose of an informed choice of the method. Reliance on the principle of tabular collection of material makes it easier to understand the individuality of the method; allows teachers to reduce their workload; and on the part of students, to shorten the time and simplify the procedure of choosing the method of chemical, physicochemical and/or physical analysis. Practical significance. The work is compiled in accordance with the State General Educational Standards of Higher Professional Education, and can be recommended to practising and beginning teachers of higher education institutions, as well as graduate students of chemical specialties. The materials presented in the article can assist in designing the curricula of chemical disciplines or modules of educational programs. © 2018 Obrazovanie i Nauka. All rights reserved

The atmospheric role in the Arctic water cycle: A review on processes, past and future changes, and their impacts

This is the final version of the article. Available from the publisher via the DOI in this record.Atmospheric humidity, clouds, precipitation, and evapotranspiration are essential components of the Arctic climate system. During recent decades, specific humidity and precipitation have generally increased in the Arctic, but changes in evapotranspiration are poorly known. Trends in clouds vary depending on the region and season. Climate model experiments suggest that increases in precipitation are related to global warming. In turn, feedbacks associated with the increase in atmospheric moisture and decrease in sea ice and snow cover have contributed to the Arctic amplification of global warming. Climate models have captured the overall wetting trend but have limited success in reproducing regional details. For the rest of the 21st century, climate models project strong warming and increasing precipitation, but different models yield different results for changes in cloud cover. The model differences are largest in months of minimum sea ice cover. Evapotranspiration is projected to increase in winter but in summer to decrease over the oceans and increase over land. Increasing net precipitation increases river discharge to the Arctic Ocean. Over sea ice in summer, projected increase in rain and decrease in snowfall decrease the surface albedo and, hence, further amplify snow/ice surface melt. With reducing sea ice, wind forcing on the Arctic Ocean increases with impacts on ocean currents and freshwater transport out of the Arctic. Improvements in observations, process understanding, and modeling capabilities are needed to better quantify the atmospheric role in the Arctic water cycle and its changes.We thank all colleagues involved in the Arctic Freshwater Synthesis (AFS) for fruitful discussions. In particular, John Walsh is acknowledged for his constructive comments on the manuscript. AFS has been sponsored by the World Climate Research Programme’s Climate and the Cryosphere project (WCRP-CliC), the International Arctic Science Committee (IASC), and the Arctic Monitoring and Assessment Programme (AMAP). The work for this paper has been supported by the Academy of Finland (contracts 259537 and 283101), the UK Natural Environment Research Council (grant NE/J019585/1), the US National Science Foundation grant ARC-1023592 and the Program “Arctic” and the Basic Research Program of the Presidium Russian Academy of Sciences. NCAR is supported by the U.S. National Science Foundation. We gratefully acknowledge the project coordination and meeting support of Jenny Baeseman and Gwenaelle Hamon at the CliC International Project Office. No new data were applied in the manuscript. Data applied for Figures 2 and 3 are available from the JRA-55 archive at http://jra. kishou.go.jp/JRA-55/index_en. html#usage

Влияние полного парентерального питания на метаболические процессы в раннем послеоперационном периоде у онкологических больных

Objective: to estimate blood glucose levels during complete parenteral nutrition (CPN), by using the three-in-one system with a high glucose level. Subjects and methods. Thirty adult patients without diabetes mellitus (including 18 men) were examined. Twelve and 18 patients were operated on for colonic and gastric cancers, respectively. CPN (Oliclinomel No. 7 — 1000, 1500 ml; glucose, 240 g in 1500 ml, Baxter, Belgium) was carried out at the Surgery Department in the early postoperative period (3-5 postoperative days) with stable hemodynamics and no organ dysfunction (acute respiratory, renal, hepatic failure). The preparation was administered at a rate of about 83 ml/h over 18 hours. Insulin was not used. Serum glucose concentrations were measured before the study and then for 24 hours at an interval of 6 hours. Results. Glucose concentrations were not found to exceed the allowable values in the majority of patients during CPN at the given rate. In 5 (16.7%) patients, short-term glucose increases up to 13.3 mmol/l were corrected, by decreasing the infusion rate. There was no hypoglycemia or other complications during CPN. Conclusion. Our findings suggest that three-in-one parenteral feeding is safe and causes no metabolic disturbances if simple principles are followed, the basic ones of which are to observe the intake of an adequate total dose and the rate of administration of nutrients. Key words: parenteral feeding, hyperglycemia, metabolic disturbances.Цель исследования — оценить уровень гликемии на фоне проведения полного парентерального питания (ППП) с использованием системы «три в одном» с высоким содержанием глюкозы. Материал и методы. Обследовано 30 взрослых пациентов, не страдавших сахарным диабетом (в т. ч. 18 мужчин). По поводу рака толстой кишки были оперированы 12, по поводу рака желудка — 18 больных. ППП (Оликлиномель №7 — 1000, 1500 мл, глюкоза: 240 г в 1500 мл, «Бакстер», Бельгия) проводилось в условиях хирургического отделения в раннем послеоперационном периоде (3—5 послеоперационные сутки) при стабильной гемодинамике, отсутствии органной недостаточности (острая дыхательная, почечная, печеночная недостаточность). Препарат вводился со скоростью около 83 мл/ч в течение 18 часов. Инсулин не применялся. До начала исследования и далее в течение суток с интервалом в 6 часов оценивалась концентрация глюкозы в сыворотке крови. Результаты. Установлено, что при проведении ППП с установленной скоростью у большинства больных концентрация глюкозы не превышала допустимых значений. Кратковременное повышение глюкозы до 13,3 ммоль/л у 5-и больных (16,7%) корригировалось уменьшением скорости инфузии. При проведении ППП гипогликемии и других осложнений не отмечено. Заключение. Полученные нами данные свидетельствуют о том, что проведение парентерального питания «три в одном» является безопасным и не вызывает метаболических нарушений при соблюдении простых принципов, основными из которых являются соблюдение адекватной общей дозы и скорости введения нутриентов. Ключевые слова: парентеральное питание, гипергликемия, метаболические нарушения

Genome analysis of E. coli isolated from Crohn's disease patients

© 2017 The Author(s). Background: Escherichia coli (E. coli) has been increasingly implicated in the pathogenesis of Crohn's disease (CD). The phylogeny of E. coli isolated from Crohn's disease patients (CDEC) was controversial, and while genotyping results suggested heterogeneity, the sequenced strains of E. coli from CD patients were closely related. Results: We performed the shotgun genome sequencing of 28 E. coli isolates from ten CD patients and compared genomes from these isolates with already published genomes of CD strains and other pathogenic and non-pathogenic strains. CDEC was shown to belong to A, B1, B2 and D phylogenetic groups. The plasmid and several operons from the reference CD-associated E. coli strain LF82 were demonstrated to be more often present in CDEC genomes belonging to different phylogenetic groups than in genomes of commensal strains. The operons include carbon-source induced invasion GimA island, prophage I, iron uptake operons I and II, capsular assembly pathogenetic island IV and propanediol and galactitol utilization operons. Conclusions: Our findings suggest that CDEC are phylogenetically diverse. However, some strains isolated from independent sources possess highly similar chromosome or plasmids. Though no CD-specific genes or functional domains were present in all CD-associated strains, some genes and operons are more often found in the genomes of CDEC than in commensal E. coli. They are principally linked to gut colonization and utilization of propanediol and other sugar alcohols