508 research outputs found
The effects of jig color and lunar bright on coastal squid jigging
Squid jigging experiments were carried out to determine whether differences occurred between different colors and lunar brightness in Middle Eastern coast of Aegean Sea. Five different colors of jigs (red, blue, green, orange and white) were used together in same angle. According to one-way analysis of variance results, red jigs were found to be the most efficient in squid capturing (p < 0.01). General linear model results proved that lunar brightness of full moon phase showed positive effects to squid catching (p < 0.01). The differences between jigs were statistically significant except between blue and green. In addition, the relationship between dorsal mantle length of captured specimens and color of jigs were not significant.Key words: Loligo vulgaris, Aegean sea, squid, jigging, colors, lunar phase
Spatial Distribution of the Incompressible Strips at Aharonov-Bohm Interferometer
In this work, the edge physics of an Aharonov-Bohm interferometer (ABI)
defined on a two dimensional electron gas, subject to strong perpendicular
magnetic field B, is investigated. We solve the three dimensional Poisson
equation using numerical techniques starting from the crystal growth parameters
and surface image of the sample. The potential profiles of etched and gate
defined geometries are compared and it is found that the etching yields a
steeper landscape. The spatial distribution of the incompressible strips is
investigated as a function of the gate voltage and applied magnetic field,
where the imposed current is confined to. AB interference is investigated due
to scattering processes between two incompressible "edge-states".Comment: 5 pages, 3 figure
Constructions of diagonal quartic and sextic surfaces with infinitely many rational points
In this note we construct several infinite families of diagonal quartic
surfaces \begin{equation*} ax^4+by^4+cz^4+dw^4=0, \end{equation*} where
with infinitely many rational points and
satisfying the condition . In particular, we present an
infinite family of diagonal quartic surfaces defined over \Q with Picard
number equal to one and possessing infinitely many rational points. Further, we
present some sextic surfaces of type , , , or
, with infinitely many rational points.Comment: revised version will appear in International Journal of Number Theor
Multi-Scale Deformable Alignment and Content-Adaptive Inference for Flexible-Rate Bi-Directional Video Compression
The lack of ability to adapt the motion compensation model to video content
is an important limitation of current end-to-end learned video compression
models. This paper advances the state-of-the-art by proposing an adaptive
motion-compensation model for end-to-end rate-distortion optimized hierarchical
bi-directional video compression. In particular, we propose two novelties: i) a
multi-scale deformable alignment scheme at the feature level combined with
multi-scale conditional coding, ii) motion-content adaptive inference. In
addition, we employ a gain unit, which enables a single model to operate at
multiple rate-distortion operating points. We also exploit the gain unit to
control bit allocation among intra-coded vs. bi-directionally coded frames by
fine tuning corresponding models for truly flexible-rate learned video coding.
Experimental results demonstrate state-of-the-art rate-distortion performance
exceeding those of all prior art in learned video coding.Comment: Accepted for publication in IEEE International Conference on Image
Processing (ICIP) 202
Deep Learning for Musculoskeletal Image Analysis
The diagnosis, prognosis, and treatment of patients with musculoskeletal
(MSK) disorders require radiology imaging (using computed tomography, magnetic
resonance imaging(MRI), and ultrasound) and their precise analysis by expert
radiologists. Radiology scans can also help assessment of metabolic health,
aging, and diabetes. This study presents how machinelearning, specifically deep
learning methods, can be used for rapidand accurate image analysis of MRI
scans, an unmet clinicalneed in MSK radiology. As a challenging example, we
focus on automatic analysis of knee images from MRI scans and study machine
learning classification of various abnormalities including meniscus and
anterior cruciate ligament tears. Using widely used convolutional neural
network (CNN) based architectures, we comparatively evaluated the knee
abnormality classification performances of different neural network
architectures under limited imaging data regime and compared single and
multi-view imaging when classifying the abnormalities. Promising results
indicated the potential use of multi-view deep learning based classification of
MSK abnormalities in routine clinical assessment.Comment: Invited Paper, ASILOMAR 2019, TP4b: Machine Learning Advances in
Computational Imagin
C58 on Au(111): a scanning tunneling microscopy study
C58 fullerenes were adsorbed onto room temperature Au(111) surface by
low-energy (~6 eV) cluster ion beam deposition under ultrahigh vacuum
conditions. The topographic and electronic properties of the deposits were
monitored by means of scanning tunnelling microscopy (STM at 4.2 K).
Topographic images reveal that at low coverages fullerene cages are pinned by
point dislocation defects on the herringbone reconstructed gold terraces (as
well as by step edges). At intermediate coverages, pinned monomers, act as
nucleation centres for the formation of oligomeric C58 chains and 2D islands.
At the largest coverages studied, the surface becomes covered by 3D interlinked
C58 cages. STM topographic images of pinned single adsorbates are essentially
featureless. The corresponding local densities of states are consistent with
strong cage-substrate interactions. Topographic images of [C58]n oligomers show
a stripe-like intensity pattern oriented perpendicular to the axis connecting
the cage centers. This striped pattern becomes even more pronounced in maps of
the local density of states. As supported by density functional theory, DFT
calculations, and also by analogous STM images previously obtained for C60
polymers (M. Nakaya et al., J. Nanosci. Nanotechnol. 11, 2829 (2011)), we
conclude that these striped orbital patterns are a fingerprint of covalent
intercage bonds. For thick C58 films we have derived a band gap of 1.2 eV from
scanning tunnelling spectroscopy data, STS, confirming that the outermost C58
layer behaves as a wide band semiconductor
A novel D-xylose isomerase from the gut of the wood feeding beetle Odontotaenius disjunctus efficiently expressed in Saccharomyces cerevisiae
Carbohydrate rich substrates such as lignocellulosic hydrolysates remain one of the primary sources of potentially renewable fuel and bulk chemicals. The pentose sugar D-xylose is often present in significant amounts along with hexoses. Saccharomyces cerevisiae can acquire the ability to metabolize D-xylose through expression of heterologous D-xylose isomerase (XI). This enzyme is notoriously difficult to express in S. cerevisiae and only fourteen XIs have been reported to be active so far. We cloned a new D-xylose isomerase derived from microorganisms in the gut of the wood-feeding beetle Odontotaenius disjunctus. Although somewhat homologous to the XI from Piromyces sp. E2, the new gene was identified as bacterial in origin and the host as a Parabacteroides sp. Expression of the new XI in S. cerevisiae resulted in faster aerobic growth than the XI from Piromyces on D-xylose media. The D-xylose isomerization rate conferred by the new XI was also 72% higher, while absolute xylitol production was identical in both strains. Interestingly, increasing concentrations of xylitol (up to 8 g L-1) appeared not to inhibit D-xylose consumption. The newly described XI displayed 2.6 times higher specific activity, 37% lower KM for D-xylose, and exhibited higher activity over a broader temperature range, retaining 51% of maximal activity at 30 °C compared with only 29% activity for the Piromyces XI.This work was supported by the project FatVal PTDC/EAM-AMB/32506/2017 (POCI-01-0145-FEDER-032506), co-funded by the European Regional Development Fund (ERDF), through the Operational Programme for Competitiveness and Internationalization (COMPETE 2020), under Portugal 2020, and by the Fundacao para a Ciencia e a Tecnologia-FCT I.P through national funds. CBMA was supported by the "Contrato-Programa" UIDB/04050/2020 funded by national funds through the FCT I.P. PCS is recipient of a FCT PhD fellowship (SFRH/BD/140039/2018), and was supported by a Fulbright Scholarship Portugal grant from January to May 2020 at Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, USA. BJ was awarded a Fulbright grant from The Swedish Fulbright Commission for Visiting Lecturers and Research Scholars between September 2014 and January 2015 visiting Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, USA. This work was supported in part by the United States Department of Energy's Genomic Science Program (grant SCW1039). Part of this work was performed at Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory under US Department of Energy contract number DE-AC02-05CH11231. DNA sequencing was performed at the Vincent J. Coates Genomics Sequencing Laboratory at the University of California Berkeley, supported by NIH S10 Instrumentation grants S10RR029668 and S10RR027303
Low-pressure pneumoperitoneum with deep neuromuscular blockade in metabolic surgery to reduce postoperative pain:a randomized pilot trial
Background For metabolic laparoscopic surgery, higher pressures up to 20 mmHg are often used to create a surgical field of sufficient quality. This randomized pilot study aimed to determine the feasibility, safety and tolerability of low intraabdominal pressure (IAP) and deep neuromuscular blockade (NMB) to reduce postoperative pain. Methods In a teaching hospital in the Netherlands, 62 patients eligible for a laparoscopic Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (LRYGB) were randomized into one of four groups in a 2 x 2 factorial design: deep/moderate NMB and standard (20 mmHg)/low IAP (12 mmHg). Patient and surgical team were blinded. Primary outcome measure was the surgical field quality, scored on the Leiden-Surgical Rating Scale (L-SRS). Secondary outcome measures were (serious) adverse events, duration of surgery and postoperative pain. Results 62 patients were included. L-SRS was good or perfect in all patients that were operated under standard IAP with deep or moderate NMB. In 40% of patients with low IAP and deep NMB, an increase in IAP was needed to improve surgical overview. In patients with low IAP and moderate NMB, IAP was increased to improve surgical overview in 40%, and in 75% of these cases a deep NMB was requested to further improve the surgical overview. Median duration of surgery was 38 min (IQR34-40 min) in the group with standard IAP and moderate NMB and 52 min (IQR46-55 min) in the group with low IAP and deep NMB. Conclusions The combination of moderate NMB and low IAP can create insufficient surgical overview. Larger trials are needed to corroborate the findings of this study. Trial registration: Dutch Trial Register: Trial NL7050, registered 28 May 2018.
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