11 research outputs found
Rectal Reconstruction after Total Mesorectumectomy: Functional Outcomes and Quality of Life
Background. The study aims to compare the functional outcomes and quality of life in patients having variant rectal reconstruction procedures after low anterior resection for cancer.Materials and methods. A prospective randomised controlled trial enrolled 90 patients who underwent total mesorectumectomy with formation of J-pouch (J-P), side-to-end (STE) or end-to-end (ETE) anastomoses.Results and discussion. We analysed 22 J-P, 30 STE and 38 ETE patients. For technical reasons, 26.6 % J-Ps were remodelled to other anastomoses. The neorectal sensory threshold, first and permanent defecation urges and maximal tolerated volume were higher in J-P at months 3β6β12 postoperatively.Severe low anterior resection syndrome events at post-surgery month 6 were significantly more frequent in the ETE vs. J-P and STE cohorts (21, 0 and 3.3 %, respectively, p < 0.05). Stool frequency was significantly lower in J-P vs. STE and ETE at months 3β6β12. Wexner score was 3, 5, 6 at month 6 (p < 0.05) and 0, 1, 1 at month 12 for J-P, STE and ETE, respectively (p > 0.05). Evacuatory dysfunction was present at month 6 in 59.1 J-P, 33.3 STE and 21.1 % ETE.Quality of life (FIQL) in J-P and STE was significantly higher vs. ETE anastomoses in the Lifestyle (3.21, 3.22 and 3.03, respectively, p < 0.05) and Coping (3.29, 3.21 and 2.95, respectively, p < 0.05) scales to month 12 postoperatively.Conclusion. The J-pouch formation after low anterior resection ameliorates anal continence at months 3β6 post-surgery, reduces low anterior resection syndrome and improves quality of life (FIQL). The ease of implementation and irrelevance of evacuatory dysfunction in side-to-end anastomosis make it a superior choice over end-to-end surgery
ΠΠ»ΠΈΠ½ΠΈΠΊΠΎ-Π³Π΅Π½Π΅ΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΠ΅ Π°ΡΠΏΠ΅ΠΊΡΡ Π΄ΠΈΡΡΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΡΠΈΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ Π΄ΠΈΠ°Π³Π½ΠΎΡΡΠΈΠΊΠΈ Π½Π°ΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΡΡΠ²Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π½Π΅ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΈΠΏΠΎΠ·Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΊΠΎΠ»ΠΎΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠ°ΠΊΠ°
Lynch syndrome was synonymous with hereditary non-polyposis colorectal cancer for a long time, however, mapping of the DNA mismatch repair (MMR) genes has led to distinguish Lynch syndrome as an independent syndromic unit from a number of Lynch-like syndromes that phenotypically mimic with the most frequent hereditary variant of colon cancer but genetically representing quite a heterogeneous group. This article presents up to date clinical and genetic characteristics of Lynch syndrome and Lynch-like conditions.Π‘ΠΈΠ½Π΄ΡΠΎΠΌ ΠΠΈΠ½ΡΠ° ΠΏΡΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠ»ΠΆΠΈΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ΅ Π²ΡΠ΅ΠΌΡ ΡΠ²Π»ΡΠ»ΡΡ ΡΠΈΠ½ΠΎΠ½ΠΈΠΌΠΎΠΌ Π½Π°ΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΡΡΠ²Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π½Π΅ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΈΠΏΠΎΠ·Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΊΠΎΠ»ΠΎΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠ°ΠΊΠ°, ΠΎΠ΄Π½Π°ΠΊΠΎ ΠΏΠΎΡΠ»Π΅ ΠΊΠ°ΡΡΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ Π³Π΅Π½ΠΎΠ² ΡΠΈΡΡΠ΅ΠΌΡ ΡΠ΅ΠΏΠ°ΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠΈ Π½Π΅ΡΠΏΠ°ΡΠ΅Π½Π½ΡΡ
ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠΉ ΠΠΠ (MMR) ΠΈ Π²ΡΠ΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΡΠΈΠ½Π΄ΡΠΎΠΌΠ° ΠΠΈΠ½ΡΠ° Π² ΡΠ°ΠΌΠΎΡΡΠΎΡΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΡΡ Π΅Π΄ΠΈΠ½ΠΈΡΡ Π² Π³ΡΡΠΏΠΏΠ΅ Π½Π°ΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΡΡΠ²Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π½Π΅ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΈΠΏΠΎΠ·Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΊΠΎΠ»ΠΎΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠ°ΠΊΠ° ΠΎΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄Π΅Π»ΠΈΠ»ΡΡ ΡΡΠ΄ ΡΡ
ΠΎΠΆΠΈΡ
ΡΠΈΠ½Π΄ΡΠΎΠΌΠΎΠ², ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΎΡΠΈΠΏΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈ ΠΌΠΈΠΌΠΈΠΊΡΠΈΡΡΡΡΠΈΡ
Ρ Π½Π°ΠΈΠ±ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π΅ ΡΠ°ΡΡΡΠΌ Π½Π°ΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΡΡΠ²Π΅Π½Π½ΡΠΌ Π²Π°ΡΠΈΠ°Π½ΡΠΎΠΌ ΡΠ°ΠΊΠ° ΡΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠΎΠΉ ΠΊΠΈΡΠΊΠΈ, Π½ΠΎ Π³Π΅Π½Π΅ΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈ ΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄ΡΡΠ°Π²Π»ΡΡΡΠΈΡ
ΡΠΎΠ±ΠΎΠΉ Π³Π΅ΡΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ³Π΅Π½Π½ΡΡ Π³ΡΡΠΏΠΏΡ. Π Π½Π°ΡΡΠΎΡΡΠ΅ΠΉ ΡΡΠ°ΡΡΠ΅ ΠΎΠΏΠΈΡΠ°Π½Ρ ΡΠΎΠ²ΡΠ΅ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π½ΡΠ΅ ΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄ΡΡΠ°Π²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΎ ΠΊΠ»ΠΈΠ½ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΡ
ΠΈ Π³Π΅Π½Π΅ΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΡ
Ρ
Π°ΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΡΡΠΈΠΊΠ°Ρ
ΡΠΈΠ½Π΄ΡΠΎΠΌΠ° ΠΠΈΠ½ΡΠ° ΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠ±Π½ΡΡ
Π΅ΠΌΡ ΡΠΎΡΡΠΎΡΠ½ΠΈΠΉ
ΠΠΠ‘ΠΠΠΠ‘Π’ΠΠΠΠΠΠ― Π£ΠΠΠΠΠ¬ΠΠΠ― ΠΠΠΠΠΠΠΠ: ΠΠΠΠΠ ΠΠΠ’ΠΠ ΠΠ’Π£Π Π« Π ΠΠΠΠΠΠ§ΠΠ‘ΠΠΠ Π‘ΠΠ£Π§ΠΠ
Uveal melanoma (UM) is the most common primary intra-ocular malignancy. Uveal melanoma is distinct from other subtypes of melanoma by its molecular and genetic characteristics. Somatic mutations in UM tumor involve genes, such as BAP1, EIF1AX, GNA11, GNAQ and SF3B1, that determine the biology and behavior of a tumor and appear to be predictors of disease. In 25 % of cases, the development of UM is associated with hereditary diseases and can be caused by germline mutations in genes that are responsible for a particular syndrome. Several such syndromes (BAP1-associated syndrome, FAMMM-syndrome, Li-Fraumeni syndrome and etc.) have been identified. In this article we analyze the modern concept of the nature of hereditary UM and present the case of hereditary UM.Β Π£Π²Π΅Π°Π»ΡΠ½Π°Ρ ΠΌΠ΅Π»Π°Π½ΠΎΠΌΠ° (Π£Π) β ΡΠ°ΠΌΠΎΠ΅ ΡΠ°ΡΡΠΎΠ΅ ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ²ΠΈΡΠ½ΠΎΠ΅ Π·Π»ΠΎΠΊΠ°ΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ²Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠ΅ Π½ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΎΠ±ΡΠ°Π·ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΡΠ²Π΅Π°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠ° Ρ ΠΌΠΎΠ»Π΅ΠΊΡΠ»ΡΡΠ½ΠΎ-Π³Π΅Π½Π΅ΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΠΌΠΈ Ρ
Π°ΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΡΡΠΈΠΊΠ°ΠΌΠΈ, ΠΏΠΎΠ·Π²ΠΎΠ»ΡΡΡΠΈΠΌΠΈ ΠΎΡΠ»ΠΈΡΠ°ΡΡ Π΅Π΅ ΠΎΡ Π΄ΡΡΠ³ΠΈΡ
ΠΏΠΎΠ΄ΡΠΈΠΏΠΎΠ² ΠΌΠ΅Π»Π°Π½ΠΎΠΌΡ. Π‘ΠΎΠΌΠ°ΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΠ΅ ΠΌΡΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠΈ Π² ΠΎΠΏΡΡ
ΠΎΠ»ΠΈ ΠΏΡΠΈ Π£Π Π²ΠΎΠ²Π»Π΅ΠΊΠ°ΡΡ ΡΡΠ΄ Π³Π΅Π½ΠΎΠ² β BAP1, EIF1AX, GNA11, GNAQ ΠΈ SF3B1, ΠΊΠΎΡΠΎΡΡΠ΅ ΠΎΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄Π΅Π»ΡΡΡ Π±ΠΈΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΡ ΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΠ²Π΅Π΄Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΎΠΏΡΡ
ΠΎΠ»ΠΈ, ΡΠ²Π»ΡΡΡΡ ΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄ΠΈΠΊΡΠΎΡΠ°ΠΌΠΈ ΡΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ Π·Π°Π±ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ. ΠΡΠΈΠΌΠ΅ΡΠ½ΠΎ Π² 2β5 % ΡΠ»ΡΡΠ°Π΅Π² ΡΠ°Π·Π²ΠΈΡΠΈΠ΅ Π£Π Π°ΡΡΠΎΡΠΈΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΎ Ρ Π½Π°ΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΡΡΠ²Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΏΠ°ΡΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΠ΅ΠΉ ΠΈ ΡΠ²ΡΠ·Π°Π½ΠΎ Ρ Π³Π΅ΡΠΌΠΈΠ½Π°Π»ΡΠ½ΡΠΌΠΈ ΠΌΡΡΠ°ΡΠΈΡΠΌΠΈ Π² Π³Π΅Π½Π°Ρ
, ΠΎΡΠ²Π΅ΡΡΡΠ²Π΅Π½Π½ΡΡ
Π·Π° ΡΠΎΡ ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ ΠΈΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΡΠΈΠ½Π΄ΡΠΎΠΌ. ΠΠ° Π΄Π°Π½Π½ΡΠΉ ΠΌΠΎΠΌΠ΅Π½Ρ ΠΎΠΏΠΈΡΠ°Π½ΠΎ Π½Π΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠ»ΡΠΊΠΎ ΡΠ°ΠΊΠΈΡ
ΡΠΈΠ½Π΄ΡΠΎΠΌΠΎΠ², ΡΡΠ΅Π΄ΠΈ ΠΊΠΎΡΠΎΡΡΡ
BAP1-Π°ΡΡΠΎΡΠΈΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π½ΡΠΉ ΡΠΈΠ½Π΄ΡΠΎΠΌ, FAMMM-ΡΠΈΠ½Π΄ΡΠΎΠΌ, ΡΠΈΠ½Π΄ΡΠΎΠΌ ΠΠΈβΠ€ΡΠ°ΡΠΌΠ΅Π½ΠΈ ΠΈ Π΄Ρ. Π Π½Π°ΡΡΠΎΡΡΠ΅ΠΉ ΡΡΠ°ΡΡΠ΅ ΠΏΡΠΈΠ²ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡΡΡ Π°Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΠ· ΡΠΎΠ²ΡΠ΅ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄ΡΡΠ°Π²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΎ ΠΏΡΠΈΡΠΎΠ΄Π΅ Π½Π°ΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΡΡΠ²Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠΉ Π£Π ΠΈ ΡΠ°ΡΡΠΌΠ°ΡΡΠΈΠ²Π°Π΅ΡΡΡ ΠΊΠ»ΠΈΠ½ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΠΉ ΡΠ»ΡΡΠ°ΠΉ ΡΠ΅ΠΌΠ΅ΠΉΠ½ΠΎΠΉ Π£Π.
ΠΠ»ΠΈΠ½ΠΈΠΊΠΎ-Π°Π½Π°ΠΌΠ½Π΅ΡΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΠ΅ ΠΈ ΠΌΠΎΠ»Π΅ΠΊΡΠ»ΡΡΠ½ΠΎ-Π³Π΅Π½Π΅ΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΠ΅ ΠΊΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΠΈ ΡΠΈΠ½Π΄ΡΠΎΠΌΠ° ΠΠΈΠ½ΡΠ°
Lynch syndrome is the most common cancer-prone syndrome associated with a high risk of colorectal cancer (CRC), neoplasms of the upper gastrointestinal system, the urinary tract, the female reproductive system, brain tumours and others. The only known form of hereditary endometrial cancer is also diagnosed as part of Lynch syndrome. One or more pathogenic germline mutations in one of the mismatch repair (MMR) genes are the cause of Lynch syndrome. Mapping of MMR genes and the discovery of microsatellite instability (MSI) have given rise to the possibility of using these clue characteristics of the pathogenic process for the elaboration of a screening test for Lynch syndrome. Being highly accurate and superior to all previously developed clinical criteria and guidelines, MSI-testing along with the assessment of the expression patterns of MMR proteins by immunohistochemistry has taken the leading role in the early diagnosis of Lynch syndrome. This article focuses on a brief review about the main evolutionary stages of clinical, anamnestic, molecular and genetic criteria for Lynch syndrome together with the results of our own research on the accuracy of the Amsterdam criteria, the Bethesda guidelines and MSI-diagnostics in the determination of the indications for MMR-genotyping in colorectal cancer patients suspected for Lynch syndrome.Π‘ΠΈΠ½Π΄ΡΠΎΠΌ ΠΠΈΠ½ΡΠ° (Π‘Π) β ΡΠ°ΠΌΡΠΉ ΡΠ°ΡΡΡΠΉ Π½Π°ΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΡΡΠ²Π΅Π½Π½ΡΠΉ ΠΎΠ½ΠΊΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΠΉ ΡΠΈΠ½Π΄ΡΠΎΠΌ, Π°ΡΡΠΎΡΠΈΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π½ΡΠΉ Ρ Π²ΡΡΠΎΠΊΠΈΠΌ ΡΠΈΡΠΊΠΎΠΌ ΡΠ°Π·Π²ΠΈΡΠΈΡ ΡΠ°ΠΊΠ° ΡΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠΎΠΉ ΠΊΠΈΡΠΊΠΈ, Π·Π»ΠΎΠΊΠ°ΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ²Π΅Π½Π½ΡΡ
Π½ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΎΠ±ΡΠ°Π·ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠΉ Π²Π΅ΡΡ
Π½ΠΈΡ
ΠΎΡΠ΄Π΅Π»ΠΎΠ² ΠΆΠ΅Π»ΡΠ΄ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎ-ΠΊΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠ°, ΠΌΠΎΡΠ΅Π²ΡΠ΄Π΅Π»ΠΈΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΡΠΈΡΡΠ΅ΠΌΡ, Π³ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ²Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΌΠΎΠ·Π³Π°, ΠΆΠ΅Π½ΡΠΊΠΎΠΉ ΡΠ΅ΠΏΡΠΎΠ΄ΡΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΡΠΈΡΡΠ΅ΠΌΡ. Π ΡΠΎΡΡΠ°Π²Π΅ Π‘Π Π΄ΠΈΠ°Π³Π½ΠΎΡΡΠΈΡΡΠ΅ΡΡΡ Π΅Π΄ΠΈΠ½ΡΡΠ²Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎ ΠΈΠ·Π²Π΅ΡΡΠ½Π°Ρ ΡΠΎΡΠΌΠ° Π½Π°ΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΡΡΠ²Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠ°ΠΊΠ° ΡΠ΅Π»Π° ΠΌΠ°ΡΠΊΠΈ. ΠΡΠΈΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΠΌ ΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠΎΡΠΎΠΌ ΡΠ°Π·Π²ΠΈΡΠΈΡ Π‘Π ΡΠ²Π»ΡΡΡΡΡ Π³Π΅ΡΠΌΠΈΠ½Π°Π»ΡΠ½ΡΠ΅ ΠΌΡΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠΈ Π² Π³Π΅Π½Π°Ρ
ΡΠΈΡΡΠ΅ΠΌΡ ΡΠ΅ΠΏΠ°ΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠΈ Π½Π΅ΠΏΡΠ°Π²ΠΈΠ»ΡΠ½ΠΎ ΡΠΏΠ°ΡΠ΅Π½Π½ΡΡ
ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠΉ ΠΠΠ (DNA mismatch repair (MMR)). ΠΠ°ΡΡΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Π΄Π°Π½Π½ΡΡ
Π³Π΅Π½ΠΎΠ², Π° ΡΠ°ΠΊΠΆΠ΅ ΠΎΡΠΊΡΡΡΠΈΠ΅ ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΎΠΌΠ΅Π½Π° ΠΌΠΈΠΊΡΠΎΡΠ°ΡΠ΅Π»Π»ΠΈΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ Π½Π΅ΡΡΠ°Π±ΠΈΠ»ΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ (microsatellite instability, MSI) ΡΠ°ΡΡΠΈΡΠΈΠ»ΠΎ Π½Π°ΡΠΈ ΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄ΡΡΠ°Π²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΎ ΠΏΠ°ΡΠΎΠ³Π΅Π½Π΅Π·Π΅ Π»ΠΈΠ½Ρ-Π°ΡΡΠΎΡΠΈΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π½ΡΡ
ΠΎΠΏΡΡ
ΠΎΠ»Π΅ΠΉ ΠΈ ΡΡΠ°Π»ΠΎ ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΉ Π΄Π»Ρ ΠΌΠΎΠ»Π΅ΠΊΡΠ»ΡΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΡΠΊΡΠΈΠ½ΠΈΠ½Π³ΠΎΠ²ΡΡ
ΠΈΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠΉ. ΠΡΠ΅Π²ΡΡΠ°Ρ Π² Π΄ΠΈΠ°Π³Π½ΠΎΡΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠΉ ΡΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ Π²ΡΠ΅ ΡΠ°Π·ΡΠ°Π±ΠΎΡΠ°Π½Π½ΡΠ΅ ΡΠ°Π½Π΅Π΅ ΠΊΠ»ΠΈΠ½ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΠ΅ ΠΊΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΠΈ ΠΈ ΡΠ΅ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΄Π°ΡΠΈΠΈ, MSI-ΡΠ΅ΡΡΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Π½Π°ΡΡΠ΄Ρ Ρ ΠΎΡΠ΅Π½ΠΊΠΎΠΉ ΡΠΊΡΠΏΡΠ΅ΡΡΠΈΠΈ MMR-Π±Π΅Π»ΠΊΠΎΠ² ΠΏΡΠΈ ΠΈΠΌΠΌΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΡΡΠΎΡ
ΠΈΠΌΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠΌ ΠΈΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠΈ ΡΠ²Π΅ΡΠ΅Π½Π½ΠΎ Π·Π°Π½ΠΈΠΌΠ°Π΅Ρ Π»ΠΈΠ΄ΠΈΡΡΡΡΠ΅Π΅ ΠΌΠ΅ΡΡΠΎ Π² ΡΠ°Π½Π½Π΅ΠΉ Π΄ΠΈΠ°Π³Π½ΠΎΡΡΠΈΠΊΠ΅ Π‘Π. Π Π΄Π°Π½Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΡΡΠ°ΡΡΠ΅ ΠΏΡΠΈΠ²Π΅Π΄Π΅Π½ ΠΊΡΠ°ΡΠΊΠΈΠΉ ΠΎΠ±Π·ΠΎΡ Π»ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠ°ΡΡΡΡ, ΠΎΡΡΠ°ΠΆΠ°ΡΡΠΈΠΉ ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠ²Π½ΡΠ΅ ΡΠ²ΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½ΡΠ΅ ΡΡΠ°ΠΏΡ ΡΠ°Π·Π²ΠΈΡΠΈΡ ΠΊΠ»ΠΈΠ½ΠΈΠΊΠΎ-Π°Π½Π°ΠΌΠ½Π΅ΡΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΡ
ΠΈ ΠΌΠΎΠ»Π΅ΠΊΡΠ»ΡΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³Π΅Π½Π΅ΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΡ
ΠΊΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ΅Π² Π‘Π, Π° ΡΠ°ΠΊΠΆΠ΅ ΡΠΎΠ±ΡΡΠ²Π΅Π½Π½ΡΠ΅ Π΄Π°Π½Π½ΡΠ΅, Π΄Π΅ΠΌΠΎΠ½ΡΡΡΠΈΡΡΡΡΠΈΠ΅ ΡΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΡ Π°ΠΌΡΡΠ΅ΡΠ΄Π°ΠΌΡΠΊΠΈΡ
ΠΊΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ΅Π², ΡΠ΅ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΄Π°ΡΠΈΠΉ ΠΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π·Π΄Π° ΠΈ MSI-Π΄ΠΈΠ°Π³Π½ΠΎΡΡΠΈΠΊΠΈ ΠΏΡΠΈ ΠΎΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π°Π½ΠΈΠΉ Π΄Π»Ρ MMR-Π³Π΅Π½ΠΎΡΠΈΠΏΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ Ρ Π±ΠΎΠ»ΡΠ½ΡΡ
Ρ ΡΠΎΡΠΌΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎ-Π³Π΅Π½Π΅ΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΠΌ Π΄ΠΈΠ°Π³Π½ΠΎΠ·ΠΎΠΌ ΡΠ°ΠΊΠ° ΡΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠΎΠΉ ΠΊΠΈΡΠΊΠΈ Π² ΡΠΎΡΡΠ°Π²Π΅ Π‘Π
ΠΠ½Π΄ΠΎΡΠΊΠΎΠΏΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΠ΅ ΠΊΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΠΈ ΠΈ ΠΏΠ΅ΡΡΠΏΠ΅ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΡΠ΅ Π±ΠΈΠΎΠΌΠ°ΡΠΊΠ΅ΡΡ Π·ΡΠ±ΡΠ°ΡΡΡ Π°Π΄Π΅Π½ΠΎΠΌ ΠΎΠ±ΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΊΠΈΡΠΊΠΈ (ΠΎΠ±Π·ΠΎΡ Π»ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠ°ΡΡΡΡ)
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the leading causes of death from cancer in many countries of the world, both in men and women, and these rates are on the rise. The probability of suffering from CRC is about 4β5 % and the risk for developing CRC is associated with personal features or habits such as age, chronic disease history and lifestyle, but in most cases colorectal cancer develops as a result of the degeneration of adenomatous formations or along the jagged path. Immune dysregulation, dysbiosis, and epithelial destruction contribute to colorectal cancer carcinogenesis. The gut microbiota has a relevant role, and dysbiosis situations can induce colonic carcinogenesis through a chronic inflammation mechanism. Some of the bacteria responsible for this multiphase process include Fusobacterium spp., Bacteroides fragilis and enteropathogenic Escherichia coli. moreover, CRC is caused by mutations that target oncogenes, tumour suppressor genes and genes related to DNA repair mechanisms.Considering that the average time for the development of adenocarcinoma from precancer takes about 10 years, changes in the microbiota can be a prospective marker for screening precancerous conditions of the colon, as well as the detection of changes in DNA.The work will discuss the relationship between changes in the microbial composition of the colon with the genetic mutations identified by molecular genetic sequencing.ΠΠΎΠ»ΠΎΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΡΠΉ ΡΠ°ΠΊ (ΠΠ Π ) ΡΠ²Π»ΡΠ΅ΡΡΡ ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΈΠ· Π²Π΅Π΄ΡΡΠΈΡ
ΠΏΡΠΈΡΠΈΠ½ ΡΠΌΠ΅ΡΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ ΠΎΡ ΠΎΠ½ΠΊΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΡ
Π·Π°Π±ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π²Π°Π½ΠΈΠΉ Π²ΠΎ ΠΌΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΡ
ΡΡΡΠ°Π½Π°Ρ
ΠΌΠΈΡΠ°, ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ Ρ ΠΌΡΠΆΡΠΈΠ½, ΡΠ°ΠΊ ΠΈ Ρ ΠΆΠ΅Π½ΡΠΈΠ½, ΠΈ ΡΡΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π°ΡΠ΅Π»ΠΈ ΠΈΠΌΠ΅ΡΡ ΡΠ΅Π½Π΄Π΅Π½ΡΠΈΡ ΠΊ ΡΠΎΡΡΡ. ΠΠ΅ΡΠΎΡΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΡ ΡΠ°Π·Π²ΠΈΡΠΈΡ ΠΠ Π ΡΠΎΡΡΠ°Π²Π»ΡΠ΅Ρ ΠΎΠΊΠΎΠ»ΠΎ 4β5 %, ΡΠΈΡΠΊ Π΅Π³ΠΎ ΡΠ°Π·Π²ΠΈΡΠΈΡ ΡΠ²ΡΠ·Π°Π½ Ρ ΠΈΠ½Π΄ΠΈΠ²ΠΈΠ΄ΡΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΡΠΌΠΈ ΠΎΡΠΎΠ±Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΡΡΡΠΌΠΈ ΠΎΡΠ³Π°Π½ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΠ°, Π²ΡΠ΅Π΄Π½ΡΠΌΠΈ ΠΏΡΠΈΠ²ΡΡΠΊΠ°ΠΌΠΈ, Π²ΠΎΠ·ΡΠ°ΡΡΠΎΠΌ, Ρ
ΡΠΎΠ½ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΠΌΠΈ Π·Π°Π±ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π²Π°Π½ΠΈΡΠΌΠΈ ΠΈ ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ°Π·ΠΎΠΌ ΠΆΠΈΠ·Π½ΠΈ, ΠΎΠ΄Π½Π°ΠΊΠΎ Π² Π±ΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠΈΠ½ΡΡΠ²Π΅ ΡΠ»ΡΡΠ°Π΅Π² ΠΠ Π ΡΠ°Π·Π²ΠΈΠ²Π°Π΅ΡΡΡ Π²ΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΡΡΠ²ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ΅ΡΠΎΠΆΠ΄Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ Π°Π΄Π΅Π½ΠΎΠΌΠ°ΡΠΎΠ·Π½ΡΡ
ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ°Π·ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠΉ ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ ΠΏΠΎ ΠΏΡΡΠΈ ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠ°ΠΏΠ»Π°Π·ΠΈΠΈ ΠΈΠ· Π·ΡΠ±ΡΠ°ΡΡΡ
Π°Π΄Π΅Π½ΠΎΠΌ, Π΅Π³ΠΎ ΠΊΠ°Π½ΡΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ³Π΅Π½Π΅Π·Ρ ΡΠΎΠ΄Π΅ΠΉΡΡΠ²ΡΡΡ ΠΈΠΌΠΌΡΠ½Π½Π°Ρ Π΄ΠΈΡΡΠ΅Π³ΡΠ»ΡΡΠΈΡ, Π΄ΠΈΡΠ±ΠΈΠΎΠ· ΠΈ ΡΠ°Π·ΡΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΡΠΏΠΈΡΠ΅Π»ΠΈΡ. ΠΠΈΠΊΡΠΎΠ±ΠΈΠΎΡΠ° ΠΊΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠ½ΠΈΠΊΠ° ΠΈΠ³ΡΠ°Π΅Ρ Π²Π°ΠΆΠ½ΡΡ ΡΠΎΠ»Ρ Π² ΠΊΠ°Π½ΡΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ³Π΅Π½Π΅Π·Π΅, Π²Π΅ΡΠΎΡΡΠ½ΠΎ, ΡΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π· ΠΌΠ΅Ρ
Π°Π½ΠΈΠ·ΠΌ Ρ
ΡΠΎΠ½ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π²ΠΎΡΠΏΠ°Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ. ΠΠ΅ΠΊΠΎΡΠΎΡΡΠ΅ ΠΈΠ· Π±Π°ΠΊΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΠΉ, ΠΎΡΠ²Π΅ΡΡΡΠ²Π΅Π½Π½ΡΡ
Π·Π° ΡΡΠΎΡ ΠΌΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎΡΠ°Π·Π½ΡΠΉ ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠ΅ΡΡ, Π²ΠΊΠ»ΡΡΠ°ΡΡ Fusobacterium spp., Bacteroides fragilis ΠΈ ΡΠ½ΡΠ΅ΡΠΎΠΏΠ°ΡΠΎΠ³Π΅Π½Π½ΡΠ΅ Escherichia coli. ΠΊΡΠΎΠΌΠ΅ ΡΠΎΠ³ΠΎ, ΠΠ Π Π²ΡΠ·ΡΠ²Π°Π΅ΡΡΡ ΠΌΡΡΠ°ΡΠΈΡΠΌΠΈ, Π½Π°ΡΠ΅Π»Π΅Π½Π½ΡΠΌΠΈ Π½Π° ΠΎΠ½ΠΊΠΎΠ³Π΅Π½Ρ, Π³Π΅Π½Ρ β ΡΡΠΏΡΠ΅ΡΡΠΎΡΡ ΠΎΠΏΡΡ
ΠΎΠ»Π΅ΠΉ ΠΈ Π³Π΅Π½Ρ, ΡΠ²ΡΠ·Π°Π½Π½ΡΠ΅ Ρ ΠΌΠ΅Ρ
Π°Π½ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΠ°ΠΌΠΈ ΡΠ΅ΠΏΠ°ΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠΈ ΠΠΠ.Π‘ ΡΡΠ΅ΡΠΎΠΌ ΡΠΎΠ³ΠΎ, ΡΡΠΎ ΡΡΠ΅Π΄Π½Π΅Π΅ Π²ΡΠ΅ΠΌΡ ΡΠ°Π·Π²ΠΈΡΠΈΡ Π°Π΄Π΅Π½ΠΎΠΊΠ°ΡΡΠΈΠ½ΠΎΠΌΡ ΠΈΠ· ΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄ΡΠ°ΠΊΠ° Π·Π°Π½ΠΈΠΌΠ°Π΅Ρ ΠΎΠΊΠΎΠ»ΠΎ 10 Π»Π΅Ρ, ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΊΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΌΠΈΠΊΡΠΎΡΠ»ΠΎΡΡ ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅Ρ ΡΠ²Π»ΡΡΡΡΡ ΠΏΠ΅ΡΡΠΏΠ΅ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΡΠΌ ΠΌΠ°ΡΠΊΠ΅ΡΠΎΠΌ Π΄Π»Ρ ΡΠΊΡΠΈΠ½ΠΈΠ½Π³Π° ΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄ΡΠ°ΠΊΠΎΠ²ΡΡ
ΡΠΎΡΡΠΎΡΠ½ΠΈΠΉ ΡΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠΎΠΉ ΠΊΠΈΡΠΊΠΈ, ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ ΠΈ ΠΎΠ±Π½Π°ΡΡΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ Π² ΠΠΠ.Π ΡΠ°Π±ΠΎΡΠ΅ ΠΏΠΎΠΉΠ΄Π΅Ρ ΡΠ΅ΡΡ ΠΎ Π²Π·Π°ΠΈΠΌΠΎΡΠ²ΡΠ·ΠΈ ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ ΠΌΠΈΠΊΡΠΎΠ±Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠΎΡΡΠ°Π²Π° ΡΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠΎΠΉ ΠΊΠΈΡΠΊΠΈ Ρ Π²ΡΡΠ²Π»Π΅Π½Π½ΡΠΌΠΈ ΠΏΡΡΠ΅ΠΌ ΠΌΠΎΠ»Π΅ΠΊΡΠ»ΡΡΠ½ΠΎ-Π³Π΅Π½Π΅ΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠ΅ΠΊΠ²Π΅Π½ΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ Π³Π΅Π½Π½ΡΠΌΠΈ ΠΌΡΡΠ°ΡΠΈΡΠΌΠΈ
ΠΠΎΠ»Π΅ΠΊΡΠ»ΡΡΠ½ΠΎ-Π±ΠΈΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΠ΅ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄ΡΠΈΠΏΡ ΡΠ°ΠΊΠ° ΠΌΠΎΠ»ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΆΠ΅Π»Π΅Π·Ρ Ρ Π½ΠΎΡΠΈΡΠ΅Π»Π΅ΠΉ ΠΌΡΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠΉ Π² Π³Π΅Π½Π΅ BRCA1
Background. According to the literature, BRCA1-associated breast cancer (BC) most often belongs to the triple negative (TNBC) molecular subtype. The data on the contribution of other molecular subtypes to this group of patients differ among different studies.The study objective is to evaluate the frequency of different tumor molecular subtypes in BC patients with BRCA1 gene mutation treated in N. N. Blokhin National Medical Research Center of Oncology in the period from 2017 to 2020.Materials and methods. The study included BC patients with a mutation in the BRCA1 gene (n = 209) identified as a result BRCA1 mutation screening of patients with BC. DNA diagnostics was carried out on blood samples of patients using the real-time polymerase chain reaction method. After analyzing the patients primary documentation clinical and morphological data were taken into account: the age of diagnosis, the stage of the disease, the results of immunohistochemical studies (estrogen receptor status, progesterone receptor status, HER2 expression, Ki-67 proliferation index). The assignment to the particular molecular tumour subtypes was performed according to estrogen receptor status, progesterone receptor status, HER2 status and Ki67 value.Results. Clinical and pathomorphological data of 209 patients with BRCA1-associated BC were analyzed. The age at diagnosis ranged from 23 to 72 years, the median age was 40 years, the mean age was 41.46 Β± 9.82 years. BC associated with BRCA1 was found to be TNBC in 71.3 % and luminal B, HER2 negative (LumBβ) in 19.1 % of the cases. Other tumour subtypes were much less common: luminal B, HER2 positive (LumB+) in 7.2 %, luminal A (LumA) in 1 % and HER2-positive (HER2+) in 1.4 % of the cases. The frequency of subtypes was estimated in different age groups (1st β patients 23β34 (n = 53), 2nd β 35β49 (n = 111), and 3rd β 50β72 (n = 45) years old). TNBC frequency was 81.1 % in the 1st group, 73.9 % in the 2nd and 53.4 % in the 3rd group; LumBβ frequency was 15.1, 15.3 and 33.3 % respectively. Using the Fisher test it was shown that the differences in frequencies were statistically significant between groups 1st and 3 rd, as well as between groups 2 nd and 3 rd (p <0.05).Conclusion. TNBC was the main molecular subtype in all age groups of BC patients with BRCA1 germinal mutation, TNBC frequency was lower in the older age group. LumBβ subtype was also common in BRCA1-associated tumors especially in older women.ΠΠ²Π΅Π΄Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅. ΠΠΎ Π΄Π°Π½Π½ΡΠΌ ΠΎΠΏΡΠ±Π»ΠΈΠΊΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π½ΡΡ
ΠΈΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠΉ, BRCA1-Π°ΡΡΠΎΡΠΈΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π½ΡΠΉ ΡΠ°ΠΊ ΠΌΠΎΠ»ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΆΠ΅Π»Π΅Π·Ρ (Π ΠΠ) Π½Π°ΠΈΠ±ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π΅ ΡΠ°ΡΡΠΎ ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΡΠΈΡΡΡ ΠΊ ΡΡΠΎΠΉΠ½ΠΎΠΌΡ Π½Π΅Π³Π°ΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΠΌΡ ΠΌΠΎΠ»Π΅ΠΊΡΠ»ΡΡΠ½ΠΎΠΌΡ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄ΡΠΈΠΏΡ (triple-negative breast cancer, TNBC). ΠΠ°Π½Π½ΡΠ΅ ΠΎ ΡΠΎΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠΈ Π΄ΡΡΠ³ΠΈΡ
ΠΌΠΎΠ»Π΅ΠΊΡΠ»ΡΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΠΏΠΎΠ΄ΡΠΈΠΏΠΎΠ² ΡΡΠ΅Π΄ΠΈ ΡΡΠΎΠΉ Π³ΡΡΠΏΠΏΡ ΠΏΠ°ΡΠΈΠ΅Π½ΡΠΎΠ² ΡΠ°Π·Π»ΠΈΡΠ°ΡΡΡΡ Ρ ΡΠ°Π·Π½ΡΡ
Π°Π²ΡΠΎΡΠΎΠ².Π¦Π΅Π»Ρ ΠΈΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ β ΠΎΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡΡ ΡΠ°ΡΡΠΎΡΡ ΡΠ°Π·Π»ΠΈΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΠΌΠΎΠ»Π΅ΠΊΡΠ»ΡΡΠ½ΠΎ-Π±ΠΈΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΡ
ΠΏΠΎΠ΄ΡΠΈΠΏΠΎΠ² ΠΎΠΏΡΡ
ΠΎΠ»Π΅ΠΉ Π² ΡΠΎΡΡΠΈΠΉΡΠΊΠΎΠΉ Π³ΡΡΠΏΠΏΠ΅ Π±ΠΎΠ»ΡΠ½ΡΡ
Π ΠΠ Ρ ΠΌΡΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠ΅ΠΉ Π² Π³Π΅Π½Π΅ BRCA1, Π½Π°Ρ
ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠ²ΡΠΈΡ
ΡΡ Π½Π° Π»Π΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠΈ Π² ΠΠΠΠ¦ ΠΎΠ½ΠΊΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΠΈ ΠΈΠΌ. Π. Π. ΠΠ»ΠΎΡ
ΠΈΠ½Π° Π² ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠΈΠΎΠ΄ Ρ 2017 ΠΏΠΎ 2020 Π³.ΠΠ°ΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ°Π»Ρ ΠΈ ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄Ρ. Π ΠΈΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Π±ΡΠ»ΠΈ ΠΎΡΠΎΠ±ΡΠ°Π½Ρ ΠΏΠ°ΡΠΈΠ΅Π½ΡΡ Ρ Π ΠΠ Ρ Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΡΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ ΠΌΡΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠΈ Π² Π³Π΅Π½Π΅ BRCA1 (n = 209), Π²ΡΡΠ²Π»Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠΉ Π² ΡΠ΅Π·ΡΠ»ΡΡΠ°ΡΠ΅ ΠΠΠ-Π΄ΠΈΠ°Π³Π½ΠΎΡΡΠΈΠΊΠΈ ΠΏΡΠΈ ΡΠΊΡΠΈΠ½ΠΈΠ½Π³Π΅ Π±ΠΎΠ»ΡΠ½ΡΡ
Π ΠΠ. ΠΠ»Ρ Π²ΡΡΠ²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ Π³Π΅ΡΠΌΠΈΠ½Π°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΌΡΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠΈ ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Π»ΠΈ ΠΠΠ ΠΏΠ°ΡΠΈΠ΅Π½ΡΠΎΠ², Π²ΡΠ΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½Π½ΡΡ ΠΈΠ· Π»ΠΈΠΌΡΠΎΡΠΈΡΠΎΠ² ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠΉ ΠΊΡΠΎΠ²ΠΈ, Π°Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΠ· ΠΏΡΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠΌ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΈΠΌΠ΅ΡΠ°Π·Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΡΠ΅ΠΏΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΡΠ΅Π°ΠΊΡΠΈΠΈ Π² ΡΠ΅Π°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΌ Π²ΡΠ΅ΠΌΠ΅Π½ΠΈ. ΠΡΠΈ Π°Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΠ·Π΅ ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ²ΠΈΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ Π΄ΠΎΠΊΡΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠΈ Π±ΠΎΠ»ΡΠ½ΡΡ
Π±ΡΠ»ΠΈ ΡΡΡΠ΅Π½Ρ ΠΊΠ»ΠΈΠ½ΠΈΠΊΠΎ-ΠΌΠΎΡΡΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΠ΅ Π΄Π°Π½Π½ΡΠ΅: Π²ΠΎΠ·ΡΠ°ΡΡ ΠΏΠΎΡΡΠ°Π½ΠΎΠ²ΠΊΠΈ Π΄ΠΈΠ°Π³Π½ΠΎΠ·Π°, ΡΡΠ°Π΄ΠΈΡ Π·Π°Π±ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ, ΡΠ΅Π·ΡΠ»ΡΡΠ°ΡΡ ΠΈΠΌΠΌΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΡΡΠΎΡ
ΠΈΠΌΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΈΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ (ΡΡΠ°ΡΡΡ ΡΠ΅ΡΠ΅ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠΎΠ² ΡΡΡΡΠΎΠ³Π΅Π½Π° ΠΈ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ³Π΅ΡΡΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ½Π°, HER2 ΠΈ ΠΈΠ½Π΄Π΅ΠΊΡ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ»ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠΈ Ki-67). ΠΠ° ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠΈ ΠΎΡΠ΅Π½ΠΊΠΈ ΡΡΠ°ΡΡΡΠ° ΡΠ΅ΡΠ΅ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠΎΠ² ΡΡΡΡΠΎΠ³Π΅Π½Π° ΠΈ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ³Π΅ΡΡΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ½Π°, ΡΠΊΡΠΏΡΠ΅ΡΡΠΈΠΈ HER2 ΠΈ Π·Π½Π°ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ Ki-67 ΠΎΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½Π° ΡΠ°ΡΡΠΎΡΠ° 5 ΠΌΠΎΠ»Π΅ΠΊΡΠ»ΡΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΠΏΠΎΠ΄ΡΠΈΠΏΠΎΠ² ΠΎΠΏΡΡ
ΠΎΠ»Π΅ΠΉ.Π Π΅Π·ΡΠ»ΡΡΠ°ΡΡ. ΠΡΠΎΠ²Π΅Π΄Π΅Π½ Π°Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΠ· ΠΊΠ»ΠΈΠ½ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΡ
ΠΈ ΠΏΠ°ΡΠΎΠΌΠΎΡΡΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΡ
Π΄Π°Π½Π½ΡΡ
209 ΠΏΠ°ΡΠΈΠ΅Π½ΡΠΎΠ² Ρ BRCA1-accΠΎΡΠΈΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π½ΡΠΌ Π ΠΠ. ΠΠΎΠ·ΡΠ°ΡΡ ΠΏΠΎΡΡΠ°Π½ΠΎΠ²ΠΊΠΈ Π΄ΠΈΠ°Π³Π½ΠΎΠ·Π° Π²Π°ΡΡΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π» Π² Π΄ΠΈΠ°ΠΏΠ°Π·ΠΎΠ½Π΅ 23β72 Π»Π΅Ρ (ΠΌΠ΅Π΄ΠΈΠ°Π½Π° 40 Π»Π΅Ρ; ΡΡΠ΅Π΄Π½Π΅Π΅ Π·Π½Π°ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ 41,46 Β± 9,82 Π³ΠΎΠ΄Π°). Π ΠΠ, Π°ΡΡΠΎΡΠΈΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π½ΡΠΉ Ρ BRCA1, Π² 71,3 % ΡΠ»ΡΡΠ°Π΅Π² ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΡΠΈΠ»ΡΡ ΠΊ TNBC, Π² 19,1 % β ΠΊ Π»ΡΠΌΠΈΠ½Π°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΌΡ Π, HER2-ΠΎΡΡΠΈΡΠ°ΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΌΡ (LumBβ). ΠΡΡΠ³ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄ΡΠΈΠΏΡ ΠΎΠΏΡΡ
ΠΎΠ»Π΅ΠΉ Π²ΡΡΡΠ΅ΡΠ°Π»ΠΈΡΡ Π·Π½Π°ΡΠΈΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎ ΡΠ΅ΠΆΠ΅: Π»ΡΠΌΠΈΠ½Π°Π»ΡΠ½ΡΠΉ Π, HER2-ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠΆΠΈΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΡΠΉ (LumB+) β Π² 7,2 % ΡΠ»ΡΡΠ°Π΅Π², Π»ΡΠΌΠΈΠ½Π°Π»ΡΠ½ΡΠΉ Π (LumA) β Π² 1,0 %, HER2-ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠΆΠΈΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΡΠΉ (HER2+) β Π² 1,4 %. ΠΡΠΎΠ²Π΅Π΄Π΅Π½Π° ΠΎΡΠ΅Π½ΠΊΠ° Π²ΡΡΡΠ΅ΡΠ°Π΅ΠΌΠΎΡΡΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄ΡΠΈΠΏΠΎΠ² Π² ΡΠ°Π·Π½ΡΡ
Π²ΠΎΠ·ΡΠ°ΡΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Π³ΡΡΠΏΠΏΠ°Ρ
: 1-Ρ β Π±ΠΎΠ»ΡΠ½ΡΠ΅ Π² Π²ΠΎΠ·ΡΠ°ΡΡΠ΅ 23β34 Π»Π΅Ρ (n = 53); 2-Ρ β 35β49 Π»Π΅Ρ (n = 111); 3-Ρ β 50β72 Π»Π΅Ρ (n = 45). Π§Π°ΡΡΠΎΡΠ° TNBC ΡΠΎΡΡΠ°Π²ΠΈΠ»Π° 81,1 % Π² 1-ΠΉ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Π³ΡΡΠΏΠΏΠ΅, 73,9 % β Π²ΠΎ 2-ΠΉ ΠΈ 53,4 % β Π² 3-ΠΉ; ΡΠ°ΡΡΠΎΡΠ° LumBβ ΡΠΎΡΡΠ°Π²ΠΈΠ»Π° 15,1; 15,3 ΠΈ 33,3 % ΡΠΎΠΎΡΠ²Π΅ΡΡΡΠ²Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎ. ΠΡΠΈ ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠΈ ΠΊΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΡ Π€ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠ° ΠΏΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π°Π½ΠΎ, ΡΡΠΎ ΡΠ°Π·Π»ΠΈΡΠΈΡ Π² ΡΠ°ΡΡΠΎΡΠ°Ρ
ΠΌΠ΅ΠΆΠ΄Ρ 1-ΠΉ ΠΈ 3-ΠΉ, Π° ΡΠ°ΠΊΠΆΠ΅ ΠΌΠ΅ΠΆΠ΄Ρ 2-ΠΉ ΠΈ 3-ΠΉ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Π³ΡΡΠΏΠΏΠ°ΠΌΠΈ ΡΡΠ°ΡΠΈΡΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈ Π·Π½Π°ΡΠΈΠΌΡ (p <0,05).ΠΠ°ΠΊΠ»ΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅. ΠΠΎ Π²ΡΠ΅Ρ
Π²ΠΎΠ·ΡΠ°ΡΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Π³ΡΡΠΏΠΏΠ°Ρ
ΠΏΠ°ΡΠΈΠ΅Π½ΡΠΎΠ² Ρ Π ΠΠ, ΠΈΠΌΠ΅ΡΡΠΈΡ
Π³Π΅ΡΠΌΠΈΠ½Π°Π»ΡΠ½ΡΡ ΠΌΡΡΠ°ΡΠΈΡ Π² Π³Π΅Π½Π΅ BRCA1, ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠ²Π½ΡΠΌ ΠΌΠΎΠ»Π΅ΠΊΡΠ»ΡΡΠ½ΡΠΌ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄ΡΠΈΠΏΠΎΠΌ ΡΠ²Π»ΡΠ΅ΡΡΡ TNBC, ΡΠ°ΡΡΠΎΡΠ° Π²ΡΡΡΠ΅ΡΠ°Π΅ΠΌΠΎΡΡΠΈ ΠΊΠΎΡΠΎΡΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π½ΠΈΠΆΠ΅ Π² ΡΡΠ°ΡΡΠ΅ΠΉ Π²ΠΎΠ·ΡΠ°ΡΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Π³ΡΡΠΏΠΏΠ΅. ΠΠΎΠ΄ΡΠΈΠΏ LumBβ ΡΠ°ΠΊΠΆΠ΅ Ρ
Π°ΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π½ Π΄Π»Ρ BRCA1-Π°ΡΡΠΎΡΠΈΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π½ΡΡ
ΠΎΠΏΡΡ
ΠΎΠ»Π΅ΠΉ, ΠΎΡΠΎΠ±Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎ Ρ ΠΆΠ΅Π½ΡΠΈΠ½ ΡΡΠ°ΡΡΠ΅Π³ΠΎ Π²ΠΎΠ·ΡΠ°ΡΡΠ°
Clinical and genetic aspects of differential diagnostics of hereditary non-polyposis colorectal cancer
Lynch syndrome was synonymous with hereditary non-polyposis colorectal cancer for a long time, however, mapping of the DNA mismatch repair (MMR) genes has led to distinguish Lynch syndrome as an independent syndromic unit from a number of Lynch-like syndromes that phenotypically mimic with the most frequent hereditary variant of colon cancer but genetically representing quite a heterogeneous group. This article presents up to date clinical and genetic characteristics of Lynch syndrome and Lynch-like conditions
HEREDITARY UVEAL MELANOMA: A REVIEW OF LITERATURE AND A CASE REPORT
Uveal melanoma (UM) is the most common primary intra-ocular malignancy. Uveal melanoma is distinct from other subtypes of melanoma by its molecular and genetic characteristics. Somatic mutations in UM tumor involve genes, such as BAP1, EIF1AX, GNA11, GNAQ and SF3B1, that determine the biology and behavior of a tumor and appear to be predictors of disease. In 25 % of cases, the development of UM is associated with hereditary diseases and can be caused by germline mutations in genes that are responsible for a particular syndrome. Several such syndromes (BAP1-associated syndrome, FAMMM-syndrome, Li-Fraumeni syndrome and etc.) have been identified. In this article we analyze the modern concept of the nature of hereditary UM and present the case of hereditary UM
Clinical, anamnestic, molecular and genetic criteria for Lynch syndrome
Lynch syndrome is the most common cancer-prone syndrome associated with a high risk of colorectal cancer (CRC), neoplasms of the upper gastrointestinal system, the urinary tract, the female reproductive system, brain tumours and others. The only known form of hereditary endometrial cancer is also diagnosed as part of Lynch syndrome. One or more pathogenic germline mutations in one of the mismatch repair (MMR) genes are the cause of Lynch syndrome. Mapping of MMR genes and the discovery of microsatellite instability (MSI) have given rise to the possibility of using these clue characteristics of the pathogenic process for the elaboration of a screening test for Lynch syndrome. Being highly accurate and superior to all previously developed clinical criteria and guidelines, MSI-testing along with the assessment of the expression patterns of MMR proteins by immunohistochemistry has taken the leading role in the early diagnosis of Lynch syndrome. This article focuses on a brief review about the main evolutionary stages of clinical, anamnestic, molecular and genetic criteria for Lynch syndrome together with the results of our own research on the accuracy of the Amsterdam criteria, the Bethesda guidelines and MSI-diagnostics in the determination of the indications for MMR-genotyping in colorectal cancer patients suspected for Lynch syndrome
Molecular biological subtypes of breast cancer in BRCA1 mutation carriers
Background. According to the literature, BRCA1-associated breast cancer (BC) most often belongs to the triple negative (TNBC) molecular subtype. The data on the contribution of other molecular subtypes to this group of patients differ among different studies.The study objective is to evaluate the frequency of different tumor molecular subtypes in BC patients with BRCA1 gene mutation treated in N. N. Blokhin National Medical Research Center of Oncology in the period from 2017 to 2020.Materials and methods. The study included BC patients with a mutation in the BRCA1 gene (n = 209) identified as a result BRCA1 mutation screening of patients with BC. DNA diagnostics was carried out on blood samples of patients using the real-time polymerase chain reaction method. After analyzing the patients primary documentation clinical and morphological data were taken into account: the age of diagnosis, the stage of the disease, the results of immunohistochemical studies (estrogen receptor status, progesterone receptor status, HER2 expression, Ki-67 proliferation index). The assignment to the particular molecular tumour subtypes was performed according to estrogen receptor status, progesterone receptor status, HER2 status and Ki67 value.Results. Clinical and pathomorphological data of 209 patients with BRCA1-associated BC were analyzed. The age at diagnosis ranged from 23 to 72 years, the median age was 40 years, the mean age was 41.46 Β± 9.82 years. BC associated with BRCA1 was found to be TNBC in 71.3 % and luminal B, HER2 negative (LumBβ) in 19.1 % of the cases. Other tumour subtypes were much less common: luminal B, HER2 positive (LumB+) in 7.2 %, luminal A (LumA) in 1 % and HER2-positive (HER2+) in 1.4 % of the cases. The frequency of subtypes was estimated in different age groups (1st β patients 23β34 (n = 53), 2nd β 35β49 (n = 111), and 3rd β 50β72 (n = 45) years old). TNBC frequency was 81.1 % in the 1st group, 73.9 % in the 2nd and 53.4 % in the 3rd group; LumBβ frequency was 15.1, 15.3 and 33.3 % respectively. Using the Fisher test it was shown that the differences in frequencies were statistically significant between groups 1st and 3 rd, as well as between groups 2 nd and 3 rd (p <0.05).Conclusion. TNBC was the main molecular subtype in all age groups of BC patients with BRCA1 germinal mutation, TNBC frequency was lower in the older age group. LumBβ subtype was also common in BRCA1-associated tumors especially in older women