A Study on Ophthalmic Manifestations in Pituitary Gland Tumors

INTRODUCTION: Pituitary adenoma is a benign tumour that originates from the adenohypophyseal cells of the anterior lobe of pituitary gland. It accounts for 12% to 15% of all intracranial tumours. A spectrum of visual manifestations are seen with these tumours, ranging from the absence of any visual symptoms to severe visual field defects and loss of vision The clinical manifestations depend on the cell type of the tumour, hypo or hypersecretion of hormones, direction of local spread and compression of adjacent structures. Pituitary adenomas are of 2 types according to the size : microadenomas (≤10 mm) and macroadenomas (>10 mm). In comparison to men, women have a 2-fold increased risk of developing pituitary adenomas. Pituitary adenoma is a benign tumour, however, it has a tendency of recurrence. Clinical features of adenomas are either due to hypersecretion or hyposecretion of hormones or compression of pituitary adenoma to the surrounding structures. Pituitary gland is situated in the sella turcica, 10–13 mm below the optic chiasm. Therefore, when it increases in size, it can easily compress the optic nerve fibres at the chiasma. AIM OF THE STUDY: PRIMARY OBJECTIVES: 1. To study the various ophthalmic manifestations in cases of pituitary tumors. 2. To analyse the proportion of cases presenting with ophthalmic manifestations in cases diagnosed as pituitary adenoma on radiological imaging. SECONDARY OBJECTIVES: 1. To analyse the sensory visual disturbances like degree of visual loss, pattern of visual field defects and ocular motility defects, in diagnosed cases of pituitary adenomas. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Patients who are diagnosed with pituitary adenoma on radiological imaging, presenting in Squint and Neuro-ophthalmology services will be registered and evaluated during the study period. A detailed history of the patient, evaluation of visual acuity on a Snellen chart, extraocular movement and pupillary assessment, colour vision, visual field examination by 32 program on octopus field analyser octopus, slit lamp examination, and fundus examination will be done. INCLUSION CRITERIA: 1. Patients diagnosed as having pituitary tumour on radiological imaging 2. Age 25- 65 years. EXCLUSION CRITERIA: 1. Patients with other ocular pathologies affecting visual fields such as glaucoma, optic neuritis, retinitis pigmentosa. 2. Patients with pre-existing defective vision to due to other causes. 3. Patients with ocular media opacities. 4. Patients physically or mentally unfit for detailed ocular examination. SUMMARY: • Commonest Age group was more than 50 years (60%). Mean age 50.6 years. • Females were more commonly affected (72%). • Headache was the most common presenting complaint (80%). • Most of the Patients (62%) had visual acuity between 6/6 to 6/12. • Patients had Pituitary macroadenomas in 96% of cases compared to microadenomas. • Bitemporal hemianopia was the commonest visual field defect (57.9%). • 24% of the patients had no visual field defect. • 16% Patients had features of Optic Atrophy on Fundus examination. CONCLUSION: As the primary goal in the management of pituitary adenoma revolves around restoration of visual loss, a neuro-ophthalmic evaluation is essential for early detection, planning treatment and subsequent follow up. Although a bitemporal visual field defect is a pathognomonic ophthalmic finding in cases of pituitary adenomas, various other clinical features like headache, ophthalmoplegia, sensory visual disturbances, and other field defects were also noted in our study. Hence, a thorough clinical evaluation is warranted in pituitary adenomas

Low-temperature phase diagram of Fe1+yTe

We used low-temperature synchrotron x-ray diffraction to investigate the structural phase transitions of Fe1+yTe in the vicinity of a tricitical point in the phase diagram. Detailed analysis of the powder diffraction patterns and temperature dependence of the peak-widths in Fe1+yTe showed that two-step structural and magnetic phase transitions occur within the compositional range 0.11 $\leq y \leq$ 0.13. The phase transitions are sluggish indicating a strong competition between the orthorhombic and the monoclinic phases. We combine high-resolution diffraction experiments with specific heat, resistivity, and magnetization measurements and present a revised temperature-composition phase diagram for Fe1+yTe.Comment: 10 pages, 14 figure

A STUDY ON QUALITY CONTROL AND ASSURANCE IN MANUFACTURING COMPANIES

The significance of quality assurance and control is emphasized in this abstract in some of the different industries, including manufacturing, healthcare, information technology, and services. It draws attention to how diverse these fields are and how they can foster both client loyalty and company effectiveness. Adopting quality assurance and control is still essential for attaining sustainable growth and success as industries change. In a time of intense international rivalry and quick technical development, businesses who put a high priority on quality assurance and control have an advantage. Businesses may fulfil present market demands and adjust to evolving client wants by investing in strong quality management systems. Adopting quality control and assurance principles also promotes an organizational culture of transparency, accountability, and ongoing development

Prevalence of reproductive tract infections among ever married women of age 18 to 49 years in a rural area of Cuddalore district, Tamil Nadu

Background: Reproductive tract infections (RTIs) affect not only women’s health but also has its implications on child health, family and socioeconomic development of the community. Unless the symptoms become alarming, women with RTI don’t seek health care. If untreated or inadequately treated RTI can lead to complications causing morbidity and mortality. So, this study focused to find out the prevalence of RTI among ever married women and its association between RTI and sociodemographic variables in a rural area.Methods: This community based cross sectional study was conducted from September 2021 to March 2022 among ever married women of 18 to 49 years in a rural area, Parangipettai, Cuddalore district, Tamil Nadu. A total of 320 women were interviewed by a house-to-house survey. Structured pretested questionnaire was used to collect data on symptoms of RTI, sociodemographic and obstetric variables.Results: Out of 320 study participants, the prevalence of RTI was found to be 23.8% (n=76). The most common symptoms reported was vaginal discharge 14.37% followed by lower abdominal pain 13.75%. This study showed that RTI was significantly associated with age of women (p=0.006) and previous history of abortion (p=0.023).Conclusions: In spite of various health programs in place, the prevalence of RTI was as high as 23.8% in this study. This implies sensitizing rural women about RTI at regular intervals is necessary for reducing the burden and preventing the complications of RTI.

Description Behavior Doctor And Nurse About Prevention Transmission Of Tb Disease

Doctor and nurse have a high risk for contracting TB because often dealing directly with patients. Data in Africa Country (84%) health workers infected TB. Data estimated Malaysia about incidence of TB among health workers has also risen in 2008 (80.59%), 2009 (71.42%) and 2010 (97.86%). Prevention can be done if they have good knowledge, attitude and practice about prevention of TB transmission. The Purpose of this study was to be describe behavior doctor and nurse about prevention transmition TB disease. This research was held in twenty primary health Pekanbaru Citty by using descriptive method with cross sectional approach. Samples in this study were doctor and nurse in primary health Pekanbaru. The samples consisted of 128 respondents. The respondents in this study aged 35-45 years at most that doctors (50.0%) and nurses (51.6%), the majority of which are female doctors (95.8%) and nurses (97.5%), educated bachelor degree doctor (100%) and diploma 3 in nurse (67 %). The results of this study, the levelof knowledge in the category of good, that doctors (97.9%) and nurses (97.5%), while a positive attitude in the category of physician (85.4%) and nurses (82.5%), while the action obtained in the category enough that a doctor (100%) and nurses(100%)

A STUDY ON EMPLOYEES PERCEPTION ON TALENT MANAGEMENT WITH SPECIAL REFERENCE TYRE INDUSTRIES

Organizations are thought to understand the value of talent management and how it helps workers. Organizations must contend with employee perception hurdles as well. Employees believe that identifying talent inside their current staff fosters unhealthy competition and promotes internal differentiation. Employee demoralization and decreased motivation to perform are the results of employee segregation. HR directors collaborate closely with senior management as business partners to find, select, develop, and keep people. However, when talent travels, the skills gap creates socioeconomic and cultural issues. The present study is carried out to study to study employees’ perception towards the recent strategies in talent acquisition; to identify employees’ perception towards various challenges of talent management; to examine employees’ perception towards retention strategies. The study is descriptive in nature and simple random sampling technique was used to collect primary data from 100 respondents.  Data is collected from a structured questionnaire. The filled questionnaires were   analyzed using SPSS 23 and MS Excel. Percentage analysis with Correlation Analysis, Chi Square and ANOVA was used to test the data for the framed hypotheses

BRAND AWARENESS AND PECEPTION OF POTENTIAL CLIENTS AT ONE POINT ONE SOLUTIONS LIMITED

Brand awareness and perception play a pivotal role in influencing consumer behaviourandshaping a company's success in the market. By gaining insights into how the brand is perceived,the company can refine its marketing strategies, reinforce its brand positioning, and ultimately enhance overall client satisfaction. The primary purpose of this research is to investigate how potential clients are aware of OnePoint One Solutions and their preferences for engaging with the company. This study delvesinto various aspects of brand awareness and perception, including the first point of contact withthe company, familiarity with the brand, recall of advertisements, and overall satisfaction with the brand

ECG Findings in Pediatric Patients under the Influence of Marijuana

Background: The effects of marijuana on the cardiac conduction system are ill defined. The purpose of this study is to describe the association between electrocardiogram (ECG) findings and positive urine drug screening (+UDS) for marijuana in the pediatric population. Methods: A retrospective review was conducted through the electronic medical record from Emergency Department (ED) visits dated 10/13- 11/14 of patients ≤ 18 years of age who tested positive for marijuana exposure by +UDS in the ED. Inclusion criteria included: 1) +UDS for marijuana performed in the ED and 2) electrocardiogram (ECG) performed on same day as +UDS. Each ECG was overread by a pediatric electrophysiologist, blinded to the results of the UDS. Results: There were 174 patients identified in the ED with a +UDS, median age of 15 years (0-18 years); 42% were male. ECG was performed at time of +UDS on 37 (21%) patients. An abnormal ECG finding was identified in 16/37 (43%), of which 15 had a follow-up ECG. Non-specific similar ECG findings were noted on 3/15: 2 ST segment changes and1 early repolarization. Significant differences were noted on ECGs with +UDS in 12/15 patients, including ST segment changes (4), left ventricular hypertrophy (3), first-degree atrioventricular (AV) block (2), and 1 each: atrial fibrillation, right ventricular hypertrophy, and Mobitz type I second-degree AV block. Conclusions: Abnormal ECG findings, including serious conduction and rhythm disturbances, can be identified in pediatric patients under the influence of marijuana. An ECG should be considered on all patients with a positive urine drug screen for marijuana

A STUDY ON EFFECTIVENESS OF THE RURAL DEVELOPMENT PROJECT PROVIDING RURAL EMPLOYMENT, MANDYA

The Shri Kshethra Dharmasthala Rural Development Project (SKDRDP) has been a cornerstone of rural development efforts in India aimed at improving the socio-economic conditions of rural communities. This study explores the effectiveness of the SKDRDP in providing rural employment opportunities and the impact it has had on the livelihoods of the beneficiaries. The study indicates that the SKDRDP has played a pivotal role in providing rural employment opportunities to the local population. Through various initiatives, including skill development programs, micro-enterprise support, and infrastructure development projects, the project has significantly increased rural employment. Beneficiaries reported improved income levels and quality of result of their involvement in SKDRDP activities. The SKDRDP has proven to be effective in providing rural employment opportunities and enhancing the livelihoods of the rural population. It acts as a model for comprehensive rural development, emphasizing skill-building, self-reliance, and community empowerment. The study's conclusions underscore the importance of continued support for such initiatives to further rural development and reduce poverty in India

A STUDY ON HIRING PROCESS WITH REFERENCE TO – COUNTRY DELIGHT PVT LTD, BANGALORE, INDIA

In the competitive global market, companies are increasingly leveraging technology to enhance recruitment. The integration of social networking sites (SNS) as a recruitment tool is a growing trend, yet understanding its impact on employer branding and its pros and cons requires further research. Analyzing credible sources reveals advantages such as accessing a wide candidate pool, particularly younger talent, attracting passive job seekers, and refining employee performance predictions. However, challenges arise, including legal concerns, sifting through a vast candidate pool, doubts about reliability, and data accuracy. In conclusion, businesses should not solely rely on SNS for hiring, but they can benefit from the valuable insights it offers while acknowledging the need for ongoing research in this evolving landscap